Bøger i Springer Aerospace Technology serien

This textbook is a multi-disciplinary compendium that includes several aspects of rotorcraft technology. It introduces the reader to the aerodynamic aspects of rotary wings and presents experimental techniques for aerodynamics. The chapters also cover rotorcraft engines and rotorcraft steady-state flight performance and stability. It explores several aspects of the tiltrotor configuration and lists challenges in their design, modelling and simulation. The reader will also find an introductory overview of flight control systems for rotorcraft, as well as the conceptual and preliminary design concepts for a conventional helicopter. This textbook contains video recordings of computer simulations that can be used alongside the main text.

This book highlights issues related to the organization and improvement of the efficiency of training system in technical operation of radio-electronic equipment currently used in civil aviation. The increasing intensity of air traffic around the world leads to a quantitative increase in old problems and the emergence of qualitatively new ones that can only be solved by trained people, whose training process should be carried out on a systematic basis. Modern approaches to improving the human resources potential of civil aviation, as a rule, are based only on modernizing the management mechanisms of the training system. One of the main advantages of this book is the unique integrated approach to building a system for training aviation personnel in the field of technical operation of radio-electronic equipment and air traffic control, which consists in taking into account various factors that affect the training of specialists, promising areas of development of civil aviation based on the analysis of various guidance documents and the construction of mathematical models that give a qualitative assessment of existing methods and the proposed new methodology. The book contains a large amount of visual illustrative material showing the existing structure of the system of training in the field of civil aviation.

This book presents the maintenance of radio equipment and the principles of operation of various radio receiving devices in civil aviation. The main feature of this book is the fact that it covers almost all types of radio receivers currently used in radar, communication and navigation equipment of civil aviation. Special attention is paid to ensuring the sensitivity of the receiver, as well as noise suppression under various conditions. A detailed description of the set of methods for receiving signals, especially in the case of frequency telegraphy is presented. This book provides a detailed description of specific methods of signal processing with frequency modulation-the so-called threshold-lowering reception methods based on reducing the bandwidth to the detector part of the private reception path in combination with the principle of negative feedback. The material presented in this book follows a logical sequence with a large amount of illustrations.  

This book presents concepts for radio engineers to ensure electromagnetic compatibility based on the methodological approaches to reduce the probability of failures of radio equipment and improve the flight safety of complex aerospace systems. The book deals with issues related to methods for assessing the electromagnetic compatibility of integrated ground and on-board complexes, methods for obtaining information about unintentional interference, the theory of predicting unintentional interference, experimental studies of the characteristics that determine electromagnetic compatibility, methods for calculating reference systems, the influence of the method of generating the output signals of the transmitting path on the relative level of spurious radiation, electromagnetic compatibility of ultrahigh-frequency devices with phase modulation, with the features of industrial noise, with the calculation of electromagnetic fields scattered elements of the airframe, with direction finding errors caused by the scattering of electromagnetic fields by elements of the airframe, with the evaluation of isolation between antennas in the presence of an electromagnetic screen, solving problems of electromagnetic compatibility of antenna devices with the model electromagnetic interference radio systems, calculation of electromagnetic compatibility of specific navigation systems, with the provision of electromagnetic compatibility in civil aviation, taking into account modern requirements.

This book discusses the principles of forming and analysis of mathematical models of a wide class of antenna systems, new scientific directions in the development and application of computational algorithms for the study of mathematical models for antenna arrays of radio navigating systems. The book is presented for specialists in antenna system design; it may be useful for students of radio engineering specialties. This book consequentially uses the asymptotic correspondence of two-dimensional and three-dimensional problems to antenna engineering, that includes the influence of the placement objects for a given limited class of problems. Rigorous electrodynamics formulations of models and the use of efficient numerical methods provide the reliability and accuracy of modeling.

This book examines the issues of ensuring anti-terrorist security of an aviation enterprise, provides a history of terrorism in the aviation sector, and analyzes the legal regulations. This book provides mathematical and mathematical-psychological models for reducing the risk of terrorist threats, which makes it possible to objectively increase the safety of air transport facilities, reduce the likelihood of terrorist attacks, save human lives and prevent significant material losses. The solutions of general humanistic problems proposed in the book-preventing accidents and preserving the world-are an original feature of the book, which allows one to treat it with the necessary attention and interest for the reader. The concept of anti-terrorist security of an aviation enterprise presented in this book has been widely tested and introduced into the activities of leading aviation enterprises, including the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC), and has been used in the investigation of aviation accidents.This book is written for a wide range of audience associated with ensuring aviation transport security and for the end users of airlines-passengers, in order to expand their knowledge about the reliability of using air transport. 

This book describes in detail a method of direct optimization, which makes it possible to choose the best trajectory of an aircraft in conditions of its limited resource. This can happen in the event of an emergency on board, associated with both a possible equipment failure and external influences, for example, when lightning strikes an aircraft or collides with a moving object. The highlight of this book is the fact that the results presented in it can be applied universally to the choice of the flight path of large and small aircraft, as well as helicopter technology. In addition, they take into account various conditions of aircraft flight, including a possible accident. The methods and algorithms presented here can be used as the basis for the creation of automatic collision avoidance systems, as well as the choice of the best aircraft trajectory for flights in different regions and in different conditions.

This book presents the basics of building various types of amplifiers, the most widely used in the composition of modern specialized radio receivers, as well as the principles of building digital radio receivers. The rapid development of modern telecommunications systems, aviation equipment, and space systems for various functional purposes, as well as new information technologies, is inextricably linked with the theory of building radio receivers. Radio receivers are an integral part of the radio line, which largely determine the quality of its operation, both in normal operating conditions and in a complex interference environment. Since the creation of the first lightning detector in 1895, the technique of radio receiving devices went a long way to the development of modern automated digital systems. 

This book presents a methodology for assessing environmental safety in civil aviation. The methodology allows the comparison of different technological processes and evaluates their impact on the environment. At the same time, the medical and demographic indicators for ecologically unfavorable territories are compared with similar indicators in the control (background) territories in the same climatic and geographical zones. This book contains methodological recommendations for the creation of the system for ecology safety in the organizational structures of civil aviation.  This book is  useful to a wide audience-students of aviation, lecturers, as well as specialists in the field of ecology and those involved in ensuring the necessary ecology requirements at aviation enterprises.

This book presents the design of modular architecture flight simulators. Safe transportation of people and goods is one of the main directions for the development of the world economy. At the same time, in conditions of constantly increasing intensity of air traffic, the actions of people, responsible for piloting aircraft and air traffic control are of particular importance. In this regard, special attention should be paid to the process of training such specialists. This book describes various flight simulators of an aircraft, as well as to assess the impact of various characteristics of aviation simulators on the quality of skills of aviation specialists. The book discusses the following issues:1) method of setting dynamic parameters;2) methods of correction of simulator parameters, according to expert opinions of operating organizations;3) modules of simulators of operation of various aircraft units and flight conditions;4) prospects for the development of aviation simulators;5) collection and evaluation of information in the process of training on aviation simulators.

This book analyzes various properties and structures of ice from the point of view to solve problems in civil aviation. The Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, together with large territories of Siberia and the Far East, is a zone, that is insufficiently provided with ground navigation facilities, as well as platforms and airfields for landing aircraft, including in the event of unpredictable situations. However, most of this area, especially in winter, is covered with ice, which can be used to solve this problem. The possibility of using ice sheets for the construction of airfields or the location of ground-based flight support facilities requires careful study and analysis. This book is devoted to the study of the properties and structure of ice, with a view for use in civil aviation to construct ice airfields and the placement of ground-based flight support facilities. 

This book highlights the capabilities and limitations of radar and air navigation. It discusses issues related to the physical principles of an electromagnetic field, the structure of radar information, and ways to transmit it. Attention is paid to the classification of radio waves used for transmitting radar information, as well as to the physical description of their propagation media. The third part of the book addresses issues related to the current state of navigation systems used in civil aviation and the prospects for their development in the future, as well as the history of satellite radio navigation systems. The book may be useful for schoolchildren, interested in the problems of radar and air navigation.

This book focuses on the design and application of advanced trajectory optimization and guidance and control (G&C) techniques for aerospace vehicles. Part I of the book focuses on the introduction of constrained aerospace vehicle trajectory optimization problems, with particular emphasis on the design of high-fidelity trajectory optimization methods, heuristic optimization-based strategies, and fast convexification-based algorithms. In Part II, various optimization theory/artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods are constructed and presented, including dynamic programming-based methods, model predictive control-based methods, and deep neural network-based algorithms. Key aspects of the application of these approaches, such as their main advantages and inherent challenges, are detailed and discussed. Some practical implementation considerations are then summarized, together with a number of future research topics. The comprehensive and systematic treatment of practical issues in aerospace trajectory optimization and guidance and control problems is one of the main features of the book, which is particularly suitable for readers interested in learning practical solutions in aerospace trajectory optimization and guidance and control. The book is useful to researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of G&C systems, engineering optimization, applied optimal control theory, etc.

This book describes the basic concepts of spacecraft operations for both manned and unmanned missions. The first part of the book provides a brief overview of the space segment. The next four parts deal with the classic areas of space flight operations: mission operations, communications and infrastructure, the flight dynamics system, and the mission planning system. This is followed by a part describing the operational tasks of the various subsystems of a classical satellite in Earth orbit. The last part describes the special requirements of other mission types due to the presence of astronauts, the approach of a satellite to another target satellite, or leaving Earth orbit in interplanetary missions and landing on other planets and moons.The 2nd edition is published seven years after the first edition. It contains four new chapters on flight procedures, the human factors, ground station operation, and software and systems. In addition, several chapters have been extensively expanded. The entire book has been brought up to date and the language has been revised.This book is based on the "e;Spacecraft Operations Course"e; held at the German Space Operations Center. However, the target audience of this book is not only the participants of the course, but also students of technical and scientific courses, as well as technically interested people who want to gain a deeper understanding of spacecraft operations.

This book describes the development and design of a unique combined data and power management infrastructure for small satellites. This new edition became necessary because in the frame of the system's impressive evolution from an academic prototype to one of today's most advanced core avionics, many elements were upgraded to their next technology generation and diverse new components complement the upgraded design. All elements are presented in updated respectively new chapters.This modular infrastructure was selected by the Swiss start-up ClearSpace SA for ESA's first mission ClearSpace-1 to remove space debris. Furthermore it is the baseline for the Thai national satellite development program and is used by an increasing number of universities worldwide for research studies.

This book presents a technical solution to ensuring the noise immunity of navigation systems in civil aviation aircrafts at the stages of their terminal procedures. It highlights instrumental precision approaches to landing and landing in automatic mode using satellite and inertial radio navigation systems and ground-based augmentation used as the primary means, in accordance with the ICAO requirements. The book is intended for engineering and technical specialists engaged in the development, manufacture and operation of on-board radio electronic systems of aircrafts and ground-based radio engineering support for flights, as well as graduate students and senior students of radio engineering specialties. It is also useful for professionals whose activities are related to air traffic control.

This book describes the basic concepts and various aspects of creating a new generation supersonic passenger aircraft. It presents the fundamental and applied problems essential to the design of aircraft of this type. Solutions to the problems of reducing supersonic boom, environmental noise, harmful emissions, increasing the efficiency of propulsion systems, and the general concept and certification are described.The development of high-speed transport, as a means of improving mobility and quality of life, is a relevant task for research teams in many countries. The publication includes selected articles from the 1st International Conference on High-Speed Transport Development, organized by the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) which, by participating in many research and commercial projects (including international ones) has accumulated a lot of competencies sufficient to act as a platform for knowledge exchange in this field.The target audience of this book are researchers working on high-speed transport, postgraduate students, as well as any individuals willing to broaden their knowledge of high-speed aircraft.

This book presents relevant issues for the development of computer technology in general and civil aviation in particular, related to the promising task of developing magnetoresistive memory. In modern conditions of constantly increasing air traffic intensity, it is necessary to use both on board the aircraft and in ground services computing devices that guarantee the required level of flight safety. The book shows that in the multilayer ferromagnet-antiferromagnet system, the behavior of magnetic parameters in layers of nanometer thickness is largely determined by frustrations. The monograph provides not only a complete analysis of the current state of magnetic nanostructures but also predicts new types generated by exchange interaction frustrations. The phase diagrams "layer thickness (layers)¿roughness" of a thin ferromagnetic film on an antiferromagnetic substrate and a spin-valve system ferromagnet-antiferromagnet-ferromagnet are constructed taking into account the energy of single-ion anisotropy. The book presents experimental results that confirm the existence of a new type of domain walls. It is shown that the detected domain walls appear exactly at the locations of the atomic steps, and their thickness increases in proportion to the film thickness with a proportionality coefficient of the order of one. Special attention using mathematical models is placed for optimal orientation of spins at a smooth interface in the case of a compensated cross section of an antiferromagnet and an uncompensated cross section. The constructed phase diagrams and models are compared with the experiments. It is thus concluded that scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) makes it possible to study domain walls generated by frustration on the surface of the structure.

The book represents a study guide reciting theoretical basics of radar location and radio navigation systems of air and sea transport. This is the distinctive feature of this study guide.The study guide states the principal physics of radar location and radio navigation, main measuring methods of proper and relative movement parameters of an object, tactical and technical characteristics of radar location and radio navigation systems, including examining issues on radiofrequency signals detection and its parameters estimation against background and interference of different type, filtering, combined detection and rating of signals, signals resolution and classification. The structural and functioning principles of the current and advanced radar location and radio navigation systems of air and sea transport are represented in the study guide with an adequate completeness.The study guide features the result of years long lecturing on radar location and radio navigation theoretical courses at the Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation and G.I.Nevelskiy Maritime State Technical Academy.  The study guide is designated for students of radio-engineering specialties in area of air and sea transport. The study guide can be useful for radio engineers working in the field of air and maritime transport, and for graduate students and academic researchers as well.

This book highlights the prevention of possible accidents and crashes of aircrafts by analyzing the many factors that affect such events. It includes the theoretical study of known ideas and concepts, as well as a set of new methods and mathematical models. It contains factual information to investigate famous disasters and aviation accidents with aircrafts. The book proposes methods and models that can be the basis in developing guidance material for decision-making by the flight crew and experts in air traffic control. Some of the contents presented in this book are also useful in the design and operation of data transmission systems of aircraft. The book is intended for engineering and technical specialists engaged in the development, manufacturing and operations of onboard radio electronic systems of aircraft and ground-based radio engineering support for flights, as well as graduate students and senior students of radio engineering specialties. It is useful to researchers and managers whose activities are related to air traffic control.