Bøger om Historical states & empires

This book describes and illustrates the armies of the embattled Ottoman Turkish Empire involved in 19th-century wars during the Empire's long spiral of decline.During the so called 'long 19th century', between the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 and the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the difficulties faced by the Ottoman Turkish Empire were a recurrent factor in international geopolitics. Against a background of Russian-Ottoman rivalry, France and Britain supported the Empire during the Crimean War (1854-56), but not in the Russo-Turkish War (1877-78). Portraying the uniforms, arms and appearance of Ottoman troops during this period, this book traces the history of the Ottoman Empire throughout this period, when no fewer than ten wars of regional insurgency and foreign expansion against the Empire were fought in territories in south-eastern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Using rare photos and illustrations from Turkish, Balkan and other sources, author, Gabriele Esposito details the history of the multi-ethnic Ottoman armies periodic attempts to modernize which enabled them to win some victories at a tactical level. But the Empire - 'the sick man of Europe' - lacked a coherent strategy or sufficient resources, and failed attempts to crush regional uprisings and to defend borders, saw the steady loss of territories. Due to misgovernment and economic failure, unrest finally boiled over in 1908-09, reducing the sultan's court to a largely ceremonial role, and installing a military government by the 'Young Turks' led by the general Enver Pasha. This book is a vivid description of the organization, operations, uniforms and equipment of one of the most active and varied armies of the 'long 19th century' and paints a detailed picture of the Ottoman Empire's struggle to maintain control of its territories.

Featuring specially commissioned artwork and maps, carefully chosen illustrations and insightful analysis, this book examines the legendary Mongol warriors and their vastly different European opponents. Having conquered much of Central Asia by 1237, the Mongols advanced into the northern Caucasus. The fall of several key centres such as Riazan and Vladimir was followed by Mongol victory at Kiev. Moving west, in 1241 two Mongol armies achieved stunning victories at the battles of Liegnitz in Poland and the Sajo River (Mohi) in Hungary, before suffering their only reverse of the campaign at the fortress of Klis. The Mongol forces regrouped in Hungary to prepare for a further advance into Austria and Germany, but the death of their leader, Ogedei Khan, meant that his generals were required to return to Mongolia to choose a successor. Smaller Mongol forces would return to raid in the years to come, but never again would Western Europe be threatened as it was in 1242.Fully illustrated, this innovative study of the forces that clashed during the Mongol invasion of Europe between 1237 and 1242 allows a comparison to be made between the all-conquering nomad horsemen of the steppes and the mounted knights of the West.

Aus Anlaß des 80. Geburtstags von Johannes Koder (*1942) bringen Freunde, Wegbegleiter, Schüler und Kollegen diese Festschrift dar, deren Beiträge sich inhaltlich auf jene Forschungsinteressen des Jubilars beziehen, die er als Professor für Byzantinistik an der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz (1978-1985) und ordentlicher Professor der Byzantinistik an der Universität Wien (1985-2010) stets mit großem Eifer, Enthusiasmus und Originalität in Lehre und Forschung vertreten hat. Dazu zählen im wesentlichen Aspekte der historischen Geographie, Wirtschaftsgeschichte, Archäologie, Gräzistik und Philologie sowie Hymnologie des Byzantinischen Reiches, womit er die Beitragenden aus dem In- und Ausland während seiner aktiven Laufbahn auf verschiedene Art und Weise inspirierte.Aus diesem Grunde finden sich in diesem Band archäologische, toponomastische, historische, philologische, historisch-geographische und kunsthistorische Themen. Vom wachen schöpferischen Geist Johannes Koders zeugt auch seine Beschäftigung mit vermeintlichen "Randthemen" der Byzantinistik und Balkanforschung, wie zum Beispiel dem Kordax - dem "Tanz der Slawen", der für die Festschrift namensgebend ist.

The book provides a global perspective on the history of Jewish law during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, focusing on the codification works of R. Joseph Karo.

1456, the night of Vlad's coronation: a dastardly plot, a joint venture between the Ottoman Empire and Catholic Hungary to kill the Impaler's beloved, sets off some of the worst atrocities in history, enshrining the name Dracula as a synonym for terror. He drank the blood of his victims, and filled the castles of the land with wretches destined for the stake: Scourge of the Saxons, champion of the peasants, national hero who saved his country from Islamic conquest, Vlad was all of these, and much, much more... His name has become a byword for cruelty, Vlad's draconian policies the horror of Europe. But who was the man behind the legend? Written off by historians, the Dacians were thought to have vanished immediately after the Roman conquest of Dacia, but Vlad, Son of the Devil, would revive the ancient Gaulish pride, bringing hope to the oppressed Wallach remnants of Transylvania through a dastardly series of impalements: he would become known in Romanian as Vlad ¿epe¿, the Impaler! A man more terrifying than any vampire.

Traces the roots of the Turkish Republic to the Ottoman Empire

Describes and analyses British pressure to partition and ultimately destroy the Ottoman Empire Although it was at times valuable to Britain to support the Ottoman Empire against Russian encroachment, by the end of the 19th century successive British governments had begun to sponsor the dismemberment of the Empire. British public opinion and political pressure groups portrayed the Ottomans in universally defamatory terms, affecting the diplomatic actions of politicians. Some politicians themselves harboured deep prejudices against the Turks and Islam. The result, through numerous incidents, was British pressure to dismember the Ottoman Empire. Justin McCarthy shows how - from ignoring provisions guaranteeing Ottoman territorial integrity to refusing to publish consular reports that described the oppression of Muslims - the British were anything but friends to the Ottomans. Key Features  An in-depth study of British relations with the Ottoman Empire and the Turks  Considers British plans for the Ottoman Empire in the most important crises of the late 19th and early 20th centuries  Draws extensively on British diplomatic records and records of other European Powers, the Ottoman Empire and Turkey  Examines the role of diplomats, media, the church and politicians in fostering negative views about the Ottoman Turks and Muslims  Helps us understand the historical origins of many of the conflicts in the Balkans, Anatolia, the Middle East and even in the Caucasus Justin McCarthy is Emeritus Professor of History at the University of Louisville. His recent books include The Armenian Rebellion at Van (2006), The Turk in America (2010) and Sasun (2014).

This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.

Described as the "sick man of Europe" by the Great Powers, the Ottoman Empire in the early twentieth century was in terminal decline. The newly independent Balkan states¿Greece, Serbia, Montenegro and Bulgariäeach had significant ethnic populations who had remained under Ottoman rule. Under the guidance of Russia, which had its own interests in south-east Europe, they joined forces against the Ottomans, under the name of the Balkan League, in 1912.In the first phase of the Balkan Wars, Bulgarian, Greek, Montenegrin and Serbian armies fought together against the Ottoman Empire, dealing the Ottomans a heavy defeat in a result that made headlines around the world. In the second phase, the Balkan states fought each other, and Romania also entered the war. In the conflict¿s aftermath, new borders failed to satisfy any of the belligerent parties. Interventions by the Great Powers further increased tensions in the region. As the ultimate result, the first bullet that triggered the First World War was fired in Sarajevo in June 1914.The causes and effects of the Balkan Wars have remained controversial despite the passage of time. In this volume, writers from various Balkan nations and from across various disciplines have come together under the aegis of the Balkan History Association to address little-known and little-studied aspects of the wars. Collectively they analyze a huge range of political, historical, medical, sociological and religious aspects of the conflict. The book, with its ground-breaking content and unique bibliographies, will be an important guide for undergraduate and graduate students studying the political, military and social history of the Balkan Wars and the Balkan nations."The Balkan Wars of 1912/13 were a disaster for the Ottoman Empire, a triumph for the Balkan governments, and a tragedy for the population of the belligerent states.This well structured collection brings together contributors from various backgrounds. Together they help to understand overarching issues far beyond the military event, and especially the still underresearched Ottoman perspective."¿Katrin Boeckh, LMU Munich/IOS Regensburg

"Located on the North Anatolian Fault, Constantinople was frequently shaken by earthquakes. This book argues that ritual and theological responses to these events shaped Byzantine conceptions of God and the environment and transformed Constantinople's self-understanding as the capital of the oikoumene and center of divine action in history"--

Step into the enigmatic world of "The Ottoman Empire" a compelling exploration of the rise, zenith, and eventual decline of one of the most formidable empires in history. This meticulously researched account takes readers on a captivating journey through the annals of time, unraveling the intricate tapestry of a civilization that spanned over six centuries.From the humble beginnings of Osman I to the imperial splendor of Suleiman the Magnificent, this book delves into the political intrigues, military conquests, and cultural achievements that defined the Ottomans. Experience the grandeur of the Topkapi Palace, the mystique of the Janissaries, and the opulence of the Silk Road as the Ottoman Empire carved its indelible mark on the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.As the narrative unfolds, witness the challenges that tested the resilience of this once-mighty empire: the seismic shifts in geopolitical dynamics, internal strife, and the inexorable march of time. Gain insights into the intricate interplay of religion, politics, and cultural exchange that shaped the Ottoman identity and influenced the destiny of the empire."The Ottoman Empire" goes beyond the battlefield, offering a nuanced portrayal of the diverse peoples and communities that coexisted within the Ottoman domains. Explore the vibrant mosaic of Ottoman society, where scholars, artisans, and merchants flourished amidst a backdrop of architectural marvels and artistic achievements.However, the book does not shy away from the shadows that eventually enveloped the Ottoman Empire. Trace the gradual decline, examining the pivotal moments that signaled the end of an era and the emergence of a new geopolitical landscape.

This book explores the intricate and intimate relationship between military organization, imperial policy, and society in colonial South Asia. The essays in the volume highlight the salient features of expansion and consolidation of imperial control over the subcontinent, and ultimate demise of the Raj.

During the formation of the Turkish national movement, while Istanbul was under British, French, and Italian occupation, a distinct factional split emerged. One side supported the Ottoman sultanate's sovereignty, while the other championed a populist, republican path. An Istanbul at the Threshold of Nation State contextualizes this history of coalition, political disintegration, and power struggles in Turkey between 1918 and 1923 to highlight the rise of anti-communist movements and the emergence of national labor and merchant confederations that formed xenophobic, Christian exclusionary policies in the 1920s and 30s.

This collection of the writings of Daniel O'Connor, edited and introduced by David Jasper, is a treasure trove for all interested in the Church in India in the twentieth century.

In the ominous arcades of Constantinople, where the grandeur of the Ottoman Empire concealed both beauty and shadows, Anna's fate was forever altered by the relentless forces of power. "Anna - Three Years as a Caucasian Slave in the Ottoman Empire" reveals the daunting tale of resilience and daring escape in a city of stark contrasts.Constantinople, a nexus of culture and opulence during the Ottoman zenith, boasted breathtaking architecture and cultural richness. Its splendid facade belied the darker underbelly, where the lives of enslaved individuals were marred by unrelenting struggles within the empire's shadowed domains.Beneath the city's beauty lay concealed corners-ominous arcades that echoed with clandestine activities and harbored the unseen struggles of those ensnared by bondage. While not a complete representation of the entirety of Constantinople, these hidden enclaves hinted at the veiled challenges faced by many, offering a nuanced perspective of the city's complex landscape during that era.Amidst this stark dichotomy, Anna's journey epitomized the plight of countless souls ensnared within Constantinople's gilded confines. Bound by chains but fueled by hope, she dared to defy the suffocating grip of enslavement, her tale etching an indelible mark upon the pages of history."Anna - Three Years as a Caucasian Slave in the Ottoman Empire" is a poignant testament to the resilience of the human spirit, navigating the contrasting landscapes of beauty and darkness that defined Constantinople during the height of the Ottoman Empire.This daunting narrative unveils the harrowing chronicle of resilience and daring escape in a world where liberty was a distant dream.From the serene embrace of the Caucasus Mountains to the opulent corridors of Constantinople's elite, Anna's journey epitomizes the struggles of countless souls ensnared by the empire's insatiable thirst for human capital. Bound and taken as a prized possession, Anna navigates the unrelenting cycle of servitude, finding solace in whispered tales of freedom shared among enslaved companions, each harboring dreams beyond captivity.On a moonless night, Anna and her fellow captives dared the unthinkable-an audacious attempt at liberation orchestrated by clandestine allies. Maneuvering through the shadows of the city, they embraced trepidation and hope, venturing towards the elusive promise of emancipation.Their journey traversed concealed passages and convoluted streets, culminating at the towering city gates where the scent of freedom mingled with the acrid tang of fear. Faced with the final obstacle, a patrol obstructed their path, threatening to extinguish the fragile ember of hope.In a pulse-pounding moment, Anna's resolve solidified, igniting a collective surge towards freedom. Their frantic scramble shattered the blockade, their cries for liberty echoing through the night as they vanished into the cloak of darkness, shedding the shackles of enslavement."Anna - Three Years as a Caucasian Slave in the Ottoman Empire" etches the indomitable spirit of Anna and her companions against the backdrop of the Ottoman Empire's dominance. This gripping tale illuminates their relentless pursuit of freedom, a defiance eternally woven into the annals of history.

Embark on a thought-provoking exploration of slavery's persistence and transformation in the Ottoman Empire and the early years of the Turkish Republic during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This book meticulously analyzes the interplay between slavery, the evolving liberal political landscape, and the international anti-slavery movement. At its core, it scrutinizes the legal and social changes surrounding the categorization of certain ethnic groups as "enslavable," with a focus on the impact on citizenship. Discover how slavery played a pivotal role in shaping the concept of citizenship during this critical period.

Daniel O'Quinn investigates the complex interpersonal, political, and aesthetic relationships between Europeans and Ottomans in the long eighteenth century. Bookmarking his analysis with the conflict leading to the 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz on one end and the 1815 bid for Greek independence on the other, he follows the fortunes of notable British, Dutch, and French diplomats to the Sublime Porte of the Ottoman Empire as they lived and worked according to the capitulations surrendered to the Sultan.Closely reading a mixed archive of drawings, maps, letters, dispatches, memoirs, travel narratives, engraved books, paintings, poems, and architecture, O'Quinn demonstrates the extent to which the Ottoman state was not only the subject of historical curiosity in Europe but also a key foil against which Western theories of governance were articulated. Juxtaposing narrative accounts of diplomatic life in Constantinople, such as those contained in the letters of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, wife of the English ambassador, with visual depictions such as those of the costumes of the Ottoman elite produced by the French-Flemish painter Jean Baptiste Vanmour, he traces the dissemination of European representations and interpretations of the Ottoman Empire throughout eighteenth-century material culture.In a series of eight interlocking chapters, O'Quinn presents sustained and detailed case studies of particular objects, personalities, and historical contexts, framing intercultural encounters between East and West through a set of key concerns: translation, mediation, sociability, and hospitality. Richly illustrated and provocatively argued, Engaging the Ottoman Empire demonstrates that study of the Ottoman world is vital to understanding European modernity.

IV. Murad ¿stanbul'unda geçen ve cinsellik, para, äk ve ¿iddet gibi konular¿ i¿leyen T¿flî hikâyeleri, 19. yüzy¿l Osmanl¿ düzyaz¿ edebiyat¿n¿n önemli bir türünü olu¿turur. Bu edebî türle ilgili ilk ve tek kapsaml¿ çal¿¿ma olan T¿fli Hikâyeleri, 19. yüzy¿l Osmanl¿ kültürünün de çarp¿c¿ bir panoramas¿n¿ sunuyor. Kitap, hikâyelere ili¿kin inceleme d¿¿¿nda eski yaz¿dan çeviri yaz¿s¿ yap¿lan hikâye metinlerini de içeriyor. English: The Tifli Stories are a genre of Ottoman prose literature set in Istanbul during the reign of Murad IV (r. 1623-1640) and revolving around themes such as sex, money, passion, and violence. The first and only comprehensive study of this literary genre, Tifli Hikayeleri (The Tifli Stories) analyzes the stories to offer a vivid panorama of 19th-century Ottoman culture. The book further includes a comprehensive corpus of stories transliterated from Ottoman into modern Turkish.

The Almanach of Würzburg is a compendium of imperial, royal, and princely dynastic houses and nobility around the world from a diverse array of national and ethnic historical backgrounds. It is published by the Noble Company currently every year or two.