Socialantropologi og kulturantropologi

Kæmpe guldskat skjult i 1500 årVindelevskatten blev fundet i juledagene 2020 efter at have ligget i jorden i næsten 1500 år. Ca 800 g guld i form af smykker, medaljoner og guldmundblik blev gravet op fra mulden på en mark i Vindelev i nærheden af Jelling efter søgning med en metaldetektor. De to mænd, som fandt skatten, fik midt i Corona-tiden travlt med at gemme skatten, indtil de kunne komme i kontakt med Vejlemuseerne og få afleveret deres fund.”Det er det vigtigste fund siden Guldhornene…på en skala fra 1-10 er det en 12’er”, udtalte forhenværende arkæolog ved Nationalmuseet, dr.phil. emeritus Morten Axboe senere.Disse ord blev sagt med god grund. Skatten indeholder verdens største brakteat, en pyntemedaljon på størrelse med en underkop, sammen med fem andre. På en af brakteaterne findes ydermere verdens tidligste skriftlige vidnesbyrd om Odin. Desuden indeholder skatten fire uhyre sjældne romerske medaljoner. Vindelevskatten blev fundet af Ole Ginnerup Schytz og Jørgen Antonsen. De fandt den på en mark på Jørgens slægtsgård i Vindelev, hvor Jørgen Antonsen er syvende generation og bor dér sammen med Hanne Pagh Martinussen. De to har sammen skrevet og redigeret bogen Vindelevskatten – Et sted – Et fund, som nu udkommer med skildringen af fundet og de tanker, det har sat i gang.Jørgens slægt har boet på gården siden 1716 uden at have haft den fjerneste anelse om, at lige dér har der været et magtcenter i den sene jernalder, i 500-tallet, hvor en stormand eller en jysk høvding drev sin forretning.Fund af mange stolpehuller på samme mark viser, at der har levet en magtfuld mand med store huse og mange folk omkring sig.I bogen får vi et førstehåndsindblik i Jørgens og Hannes oplevelser med Vindelevskatten og de historiske vingesus, som fører slægten sammen med stormanden og hans nedgravede skat.Hvad gør man, når man har en guldskat som julegæst? Hvordan er det at vente i otte måneder - i dyb hemmelighed - på en arkæologisk efterudgravning? Og hvordan foregår sådan en efterudgravning?Denne bog beskriver de fundne genstande, og ved en række artikler fra forskellige forskere får læserne et overblik over resultaterne i første del af 2024.Hvad sker der på guldets videre rejse fra Vindelev til udstilling - hvilke redskaber og teknikker benyttes for at afdække så mange af guldets hemmeligheder som muligt?Og hvilke tanker sætter det i gang at finde en oldtidsskat på den gamle slægtsgårds jorder?Bogen har forord af Rane Willerslev, direktør for Nationalmuseet.

An inside look at the unique balance the Amish strike between tradition and the demands of the modern world.From technology to social forces, the Amish face an evolving modern world. Their facility in determining whether to accept, reject, or bargain with the options that challenge them allows for measured change that sustains their social fabric and beliefs. In Dancing on the Devil's Playground, James A. Cates employs a sociocultural model to analyze this negotiation and its applications in Amish culture. Cates, a clinical psychologist, draws on his extensive experience working with Amish families and communities as a mental health professional, as well as the scholarship of Donald B. Kraybill, a leading Amish expert who developed the "negotiation with modernity" model. Cates uses this paradigm to examine the Amish's principles of assessment and evaluation, their cautious tempo in response to change, and their strategies of critical analysis during negotiations. Dancing on the Devil's Playground features seven fascinating case studies of how the Amish interact with legal, health care, and civil authorities and will help readers better understand Amish perspectives on medical, social, and emotional aspects of life. These case studies include, for example, negotiation with the telephone, services for special medical needs, substance abuse, child sexual abuse, and domestic violence. These essays illustrate the negotiation techniques the Amish use to protect their unique culture while adapting to the needs of the modern world. The Amish adopt, adapt, defer, or decline the changes they face, all while maintaining their traditions and a unique identity that includes an appropriate distance from the rest of the world.

This book presents rich information on Romanian mythology and folklore, previously under-explored in Western scholarship, placing the source material within its historical context and drawing comparisons with European and Indo-European culture and mythological tradition. The author presents a detailed comparative study and argues that Romanian mythical motifs have roots in Indo-European heritage, by analyzing and comparing mythical motifs from the archaic cultures, Greek, Latin, Celtic, Sanskrit, and Persian, with written material and folkloric data that reflects the Indo-European culture. The book begins by outlining the history of the Getae-Dacians, beginning with Herodotus' description of their customs and beliefs in the supreme god Zamolxis, then moves to the Roman wars and the Romanization process, before turning to recent debates in linguistics and genetics regarding the provenance of a shared language, religion, and culture in Europe. The author then analyzes mythcreation, its relation to rites, and its functions in society, before examining specific examples of motifs and themes from Romanian folk tales and songs. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of folklore studies, comparative mythology, linguistic anthropology, and European culture.

This edited volume provides an anthropological study of family businesses and business families. In previous research on family firms and business families, the comparative cross-cultural approach of anthropology has so far received little attention. As a result, family firms and business families are too often analyzed without considering cultural and kinship differences adequately. Similarly, although the topics of kinship and the economy are central to anthropological analysis, research on family firms and business families has been a marginal topic only that lacks in-depth discussions within anthropology. This volume breaks the mold by offering new empirical and theoretical insights into discussion about business families and family firms from a comparative cross-cultural perspective. It first addresses how the business family can be defined in different cultures and how kinship becomes understandable as a process and through ¿doing family¿. In this, the book provides a systematic comparison of the connections between family, kinship and economic activity in different cultures, whereas many of the previous studies have concentrated on only one or a few regions or cultures. It also shows the complexities and challenges when grounding the analysis of economic activity and entrepreneurship in cultural context.

Complete and unabridged with unpublished material, Dawson's observations during his 1878 survey of the Queen Charlotte Islands concerning the Haida culture are presented.

In pursuit of the liberating powers of the crowd

Die vielfältigen, detaillierten Recherchen zur Geschichte der Sinti und Roma im Bezirk Berlin-Lichtenberg im Nationalsozialismus ergaben bemerkenswerte Biographien und Dokumente aus zahlreichen Berliner und Brandenburgischen Archiven. Mit den Verfolgungseinrichtungen auf dem ehemaligen Lichtenberger Bezirksgebiet, wie dem Arbeitshaus Rummelsburg und dem Zwangslager Marzahn, verbunden sind die vorgestellten Biographien von Sinti und Roma, die Opfer rassistisch begründeter Verfolgung wurden.

Hvad er meningen med livet? Spørgsmålet er blevet stillet gang på gang, til alle tider og i alle kulturer. Er det at opfylde Guds plan, at udføre gode handlinger, at give og modtage kærlighed, at leve i øjeblikket – eller at tænke langsigtet og handle derefter? Svaret er ja på alle spørgsmål. Det afhænger bare af, hvem du spørger, hvornår du spørger dem, og ikke mindst hvordan du spørger.I Syv meninger med livet vender Thomas Hylland Eriksen blikket både udad og indad. Bogen er et destillat af tres års eksistens i en verden, der er blevet større for hvert år. Forfatteren fortæller på overraskende og finurlig vis om kaffe og katte, træer og taknemmelighed på en rejse, der tager læseren med fra oprindelige folk til naboen, fra antikkens store filosoffer til sofaen. Måske er det korrekt at sige, at livet ikke har nogen mening, men at det er meningsfuldt.”Hylland Eriksen skriver godt om værdien af at længes og om, hvordan overflodssamfundet skaber særegne eksistentielle udfordringer.” – NRKThomas Hylland Eriksen er professor i socialantropologi ved Universitetet i Oslo. Han har en omfattende faglig og faglitterær forfatterkarriere, med bøger der behandler emner som flerkulturel identitet, etnicitet, globalisering og nationalisme.

This edited book draws on research on identity in language education to present a detailed and multi-faceted study of identity in language learning, teaching and revitalization settings in the context of Japan. It employs a diverse range of theoretical approaches, including poststructuralism, critical realism, cognitive behavioral theory, and complexity theory,, as well as methodologies such as linguistic ethnography, narrative enquiry, and critical multimodal discourse analysis. The authors focus on multiple dimensions of identity, illuminating linguistic, cultural and human complexity as manifested in language teaching and learning. This book will be of interest to advanced students and scholars of TESOL, applied linguistics, education, Japanese studies, East Asian studies, linguistic anthropology, indigenous languages and sociolinguistics.

Explores similarity and difference, rapprochement and detachment, and divergence and competition between practitioners of Christianity, Islam and African religious traditions.

The construction of the Merowe Dam along the Nile in northern Sudan flooded local villages and forced thousands of inhabitants to flee to higher ground. Despite the radical social and environmental transformations and an uncertain future, the Manasir have tried to continue their peasant way of life and resisted relocating to state-run resettlement schemes. Rather than focusing on migration and resettlement, the author follows the people's attempts to preserve their homeland and have meaningful lives along the emerging reservoir. The book grapples with the fundamental question of how to re-establish life in a world that is falling apart.

The city of Beirut is increasingly congested, polluted and suffocating. Its already limited green public spaces are under growing threat of privatisation and redevelopment. The State Otherwise examines the difficult predicament of Beirut's public green spaces from the vantage point of the civic campaign to reopen Horsh al Sanawbar, the city's largest public park. Analysing the relationship between neoliberal sectarianism, private interest and political action, the book asks questions about the nature of privatisation of public property, civic society's potential to mobilise individuals and the role of public authorities in promoting the public good.

To better understand migration governance and the concrete, daily practices of civil servants tasked with enforcing state laws and policies, it is important to focus on documents, which are core artefacts of bureaucratic work. These can include certificates, letters, reports, case files, decisions, internal guidelines and judgements, in both digital and paper form. Based on ethnographic studies in various geographical and bureaucratic contexts, this collection shows how civil servants produce statehood, restrict migrants' movements and engage with migrants' strategies to make themselves legible. It contributes to the study of the state as documentary practice and highlights the role of paperwork as a powerful practice of migration control.

American anthropologist Oscar Lewis secured permission from Fidel Castro to undertake three years of field research on cultural and economic change in Cuba in the decade after the victory of Castro's M-26 Movement. This book delves into Lewis' research goals, methods, the training and composition of his field team, and the difficulties of executing the plan in the political climate in Cuba at the time. The government's reasons for early termination of the research agreement are enumerated and their many discrepancies and inconsistencies evaluated. The experience of Project Cuba offers lessons on the difficulties of doing social science research in any highly surveilled, politically controlled environment however sympathetic the principal investigator.

Throughout history, speech has been forbidden or at least restricted to the laboring classes. Enslaved people laboring in ancient Egypt or working on Latin American plantations were forbidden to speak during work. In the early period of nation-states, the language of many peoples was forbidden because of the sovereignty of the lingua franca. Censorship has taken various forms in the history of all states. Talk amongst the laboring classes could lead to revolt and revolution; for this reason, speech was restricted during the harshest periods of labor. However, speech could be commercialized and reproduced in a society where all individuals were atomized entirely and isolated, in an environment where meaning was almost lost. In short, speech was supervised and controlled for the oppressed until the second half of the 20th century. However, especially in the postmodern period, speech has been supported at every point and subjected to significant inflation as if it were detached from meaningfulness. The pressures previously placed on the speech of workers and marginalized groups have suddenly diminished; speech everywhere has been commercialized and reproduced. This book analyses the causes of this evolution.

Ausgehend von der theoretischen Grundannahme, dass Sprachtherapie als Bestandteil von Bildung anzusehen ist, werden Interaktionen zwischen Sprachtherapeut*innen und Kindern im vorschulischen Bereich über einen ethnographischen Zugang untersucht. Die zentrale Frage der Arbeit lautet, inwieweit Kindern in diesem frühkindlichen Bildungskontext Teilhabe ermöglicht wird. Die Autorin kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass die Praktiken der Sprachtherapie von einer starken Machtasymmetrie gekennzeichnet sind, die die Sprachprofessionellen in Form von fortlaufenden Evaluationen und dem Einfordern von formal festgelegten monolingualen Kurzantworten aufrechterhalten. Dadurch kommt es zu Beschränkungen von mehrsprachig-kommunikativer Teilhabe und weiterer Beteiligungsmöglichkeiten der als ¿sprachbeeinträchtigt¿ adressierten Kinder.

Toute perception paysagère a tendance à dissocier les composantes physiques de ses résonances existentielles et symboliques. Nonobstant, peut-on penser autrement les paysages méditerranéens¿et s¿affranchir de ce dualisme omniprésent dans la pensée occidentale¿? Autrement dit, peut-on considérer quelques paysages de l¿eau qualifiés de méditerranéens comme un objet global¿? En interrogeant de façon holistique ces quelques espaces «¿en trompe l¿¿il¿», ce volume étudie les manières dont ces lieux hydriques sont conditionnés par leur environnement culturel et symbolique. Dès lors, c¿est grâce au rôle joué par la mémoire et par l¿invariance thématique que la réalité paysagère ici analysée peut être singularisée en géographie affective, en matrice archétypale, en «¿pensée-paysage méditerranéenne¿».

As the first inter-disciplinary study of ethnic relationship and cultural changes in the westernmost section of the Tibetan-Yi Corridor, this book brings together a broad range of analyses from the anthropological, historical, and frontier studies perspectives. The author builds on a synthesis of Fei Xiaotong¿s Tibetan-Yi corridor theory and Wang Mingming¿s cultural theory and to present a rich historical narrative of the dynamic interactions among the Lisu, Nu, Dulong, Naxi, Bai, Tibetan and Pumi ethnic groups in this region from the Tang Dynasty to the Republic of China period. In addition to a vast body of existing literature, the study also draws on extensive fieldwork. Its findings not only enhance our knowledge of the historical development of particular ethnic groups in a specific region but also have implications for how we should understand the development of the Chinese nation as a whole.

There is no limit to what constitutes heritage. By definition, heritage is the use of the past for present purposes. Yet, to any given group or population, heritage can be a multitude of things and can serve a variety of purposes. Based on shared memory, heritage can be tangible or intangible, boundless in variety and scope: it can be, for example, objects, landscapes, food or clothing, music or dance, sites or statues, monuments or buildings. Importantly, however, heritage also has many and varied uses and powers. It can be used to control, to unite, to engage, and to empower people, communities, and nations. ¿¿In this interdisciplinary volume, authors from around the world explore how different communities, nations, and groups intentionally and creatively use heritage, both tangible and intangible, in a wide variety of ways to positively address social and environmental issues. Significantly, these studies demonstrate how heritage can be an exceptionally valuable tool for political, economic, and social change. Insightful studies are presented pertaining to heritage as social memory, including the nationalistic political use of heritage, heritage as resistance to political powers, traditional knowledge as environmental science, heritage for legal and community action, heritage for building peace, heritage for Indigenous and minority empowerment, and heritage for exploring the past through phenomenological methods. The goal of this volume is to move beyond seeing heritage as only social memory, a mere interpretation of static past events, people or places, and instead explores critically the variety of ways heritage is engaged in the present and can be in the future.

Drawing on ethnographic research conducted with the Thai migrant community in Hong Kong between 2016 and 2020, this book provides original insights into the complexity and diversity of identity negotiation, ethnicity navigation, and womanhood reinvention of Thai migrant women in Hong Kong. Allowing research to move beyond standard stories of victimized migrants and domestic workers by focusing on the increasing number of Southeast Asians moving into the middle-class, this ethnographic study of the everyday lived experience of Thai migrant women in Hong Kong will advance a new understanding of transnational migration and mobility at the intersections of gender, ethnicity, class, generation, and religion. This book illustrates the influence of transnationalism and multiculturalism on migrant women's meaning-making and accentuates the importance of diversity within a migrant population ¿ in particular, the importance of maintaining an intersectional perspective to understand the broader phenomenon of contemporary middle-class and professional migration within Southeast Asia.

Taking the Goki-Shichido (Five Home Provinces and Seven Circuits of Ancient Japan) as a theoretical framework, this book examines shrinking Japan from a regional variation perspective by municipality along the ancient Sannyodo, which comprises eight provinces and four prefectures today. The book identifies the principal explanatory factors based on the small area data of e-Stat through GPS statistical software tools such as G-census and EvaCva, within a historical perspective. This historical knowledge helps in understanding the significance of the regional cultural heritage that remains in each municipality today. The book pays special attention to municipal variations within the same prefecture, presenting a completely unique approach from what other researchers have pursued.This book studies two present-day prefectures along the ancient Sannyodo for detailed analyses of the impacts of regional variations of population decline in Japan. They are Hiroshima Prefecture, made up of the former Bingo and Aki provinces, and Yamaguchi Prefecture, formed by the ancient provinces of Suo and Nagato. The reasons for selecting these two prefectures of ancient Sannyodo are twofold. First, they are made up of a multiple number of the ancient provinces. Second, other prefectures that fall under the Sannyodo have been studied in the previous works of the present author by adopting the same methods of analyses. Thus, by presenting unique analyses of regional variations on small municipal levels in Hiroshima and Yamaguchi prefectures along the Sannyodo, this book offers suggestions for effective regional policy to revitalize shrinking Japan to a sustainable one.

Liberal civilisation is in crisis - now is a time of monsters.

Winner, James Beard Foundation Book Award for Reference, History, and ScholarshipWinner, Harriet Tubman Prize "Slaves for Peanuts plumbs a fascinating and disturbing slice of history, shining a light on another glaring example of Western hypocrisy and oppression." --NPR Books "A complex story crossing time and oceans" (National Public Radio), Jori Lewis's prizewinning Slaves for Peanuts deftly weaves together the natural and human history of a crop that transformed the lives of millions. "With elegant prose and engaging details" (National Book Award-winner Imani Perry), Lewis reveals how demand for peanut oil in Europe ensured that slavery in Africa would persist well into the twentieth century, long after the European powers had officially banned it in the territories they controlled."This informative and compassionate account unearths a little-known chapter in the history of slavery and European imperialism" (Publishers Weekly), recreating a world on the coast of Africa that is breathtakingly real and unlike anything modern readers have experienced. Slaves for Peanuts is "told in rich detail through the eyes of West African men and women" (Civil Eats)--from an African-born French missionary harboring runaway slaves, to the leader of a Wolof state navigating the politics of French imperialism--who challenge our most basic assumptions of the motives and people who supported human bondage.At a time when Americans are grappling with the enduring consequences of slavery, here is a new and revealing chapter in its global history.

A comparative study of wonder in South Asian religions.