Konkurrenceret og antitrustlovgivning

EU antitrust enforcement has been radically transformed in the past thirty years. Following the decentralisation brought about by Regulation 1/2003, the European Commission now shares the public enforcement of Articles 101 and 102 TFEU with the competition authorities of the EU Member States. Public enforcement has furthermore changed through the use of leniency, settlements and prioritisation. Private antitrust enforcement, in particular in the form of follow-on actions for damages in cartel cases, has significantly increased, raising delicate questions as to the optimal balance and interaction between public and private enforcement. Increased antitrust enforcement has also brought renewed attention to the procedural rights of defendants and third parties in public antitrust enforcement, and the compatibility of the existing enforcement system and practices with the European Convention on Human Rights and the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. Blending legal and economic analysis, and drawing on decades of practical experience, this book analyses in detail the main questions of law and policy raised by this historical transformation of EU antitrust enforcement and by its current state.

"The EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation" is a pioneering manual authored by legal experts Andreas Reindl and Isabelle Van Damme. This essential guide, the first of its kind, is tailored for legal practitioners, offering a thorough exploration of the tools and mechanisms embedded within this novel European regulatory framework. The authors meticulously dissect the EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation, providing practical insights, relevant case studies, and actionable strategies. From foundational concepts to practical implementation, this guide empowers legal professionals with a deep understanding of the regulatory landscape. Designed as an indispensable resource, "The EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation" equips lawyers, in-house counsel, policymakers, and scholars with the knowledge and expertise necessary to navigate the intricate dimensions of foreign subsidies within the European regulatory framework.

This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.

Antitrust litigation has become extremely complex and not all jurisdictions have adopted the same rules. The Compendium of Antitrust Damages Actions was developed to bring clarity and guidance in an area of law that is in constant evolution. It aims to profile the legal regime related to antitrust damages actions in a variety of important jurisdictions by providing an overview of the key legal principles - organized around 9 topics and completed in some jurisdictions by an additional section highlighting key issues. With references to nearly 350 court cases, the Compendium is a unique tool for all economic actors - antitrust experts and non-experts alike - and was designed to address the concerns of both multinational companies and SMEs that may be exposed to, or already involved in, antitrust litigation. It provides details on the method of calculating damages in numerous jurisdictions as well as the amount of damages awarded, to increase companies' understanding and awareness of the issue. Courts will be able to see what courts in other jurisdictions have decided on a given issue, which may contribute to a greater consistency and, within the European Union, to enhance integration. This compendium is also intended to support competition authorities by giving them a general view on the consequences of their decisions. By providing decision-makers with a comparative overview of the issues most frequently arising in private antitrust litigation in key jurisdictions, we hope to help them navigate through a new, fast-changing legal environment. Further details on the leading cases across various economic sectors and industries, as well as salient facts and insights on these important judgments, can be read in the e-Competitions Bulletin.

Die zweite Auflage des Großkommentars UWG erscheintim April 2013in drei Bänden. Die wissenschaftlich fundierte und zugleich praxisorientierte Kommentierung namhafter Herausgeber und Autoren aus Wissenschaft und Praxis berücksichtigt die großen Reformen des UWG in den vergangenen Jahren, insbesondere die UWG-Novellen 2004 und 2008. Die aktuelle wettbewerbsrechtliche Rechtsprechung und Literatur wird ebenso kommentiert wie die Entwicklungen im Europäischen Recht.

Die zweite Auflage des Großkommentars UWG erscheintim April2013 in drei Bänden. Die wissenschaftlich fundierte und zugleich praxisorientierte Kommentierung namhafter Herausgeber und Autoren aus Wissenschaft und Praxis berücksichtigt die großen Reformen des UWG in den vergangenen Jahren, insbesondere die UWG-Novellen 2004 und 2008. Die aktuelle wettbewerbsrechtliche Rechtsprechung und Literatur wird ebenso kommentiert wie die Entwicklungen im Europäischen Recht.

In an era of unprecedented innovation in life sciences, where breakthroughs in pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and healthcare are shaping global health and economies, "Pharmaceutical Antitrust: An Analysis of US and EU Law" is an indispensable guide. Edited by Mélanie Thill-Tayara and George Gordon, esteemed experts in antitrust law, this book offers a comprehensive examination of how competition laws are applied in the life sciences sector in the United States and the European Union. The book provides in-depth analysis of and practical insights regarding the effect of the complex interplay of IP, regulatory frameworks, and competition principles on issues related to marketing authorizations, exclusivities, patent acquisition and enforcement, mergers and acquisitions, collaboration agreements, pricing strategies, and distribution arrangements. Each chapter provides invaluable insights into the intricacies of antitrust, international cooperation among antitrust authorities, and the analysis of market dynamics within the pharmaceutical arena. This book is an indispensable companion for legal professionals, academics, regulators, and executives operating in the complex world of pharmaceuticals and antitrust law.

"An overview of antritrust applied specifically to the context of Big Tech companies (Facebook/Meta, Google/Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, etc.)"--

In this insightful collection of interviews helmed by Professor William E. Kovacic, current and former leaders of competition authorities from diverse nations share their journeys, visions, and invaluable advice. These candid dialogues offer a rare glimpse into the minds of those who have navigated the intricate realm of competition regulation. Their experiences, distilled into practical counsel, provide essential guidance for successors and aspiring competition professionals. Discover the strategies that have shaped competition policy worldwide and gain a nuanced understanding of the challenges these leaders have faced. "Great Antitrust Enforcers - Lessons from Regulators" is a priceless asset for all those intrigued by the operations and inner workings of competition authorities, extending its reach beyond those embarking on or curious about a career in this field.

Stellt der § 138 BGB das angemessene zivilrechtliche Mittel zur rechtlichen Beurteilung nachvertraglicher Wettbewerbsverbote mit GmbH-Geschäftsführern dar? Um diese Frage zu beantworten, geht diese Arbeit zunächst der Frage der möglichen analogen Anwendung der §§ 74 ff. HGB zugunsten ¿arbeitnehmerähnlicher" Geschäftsführer nach. Im Weiteren erfolgt dann eine induktive Herleitung allgemeiner Rechtsgedanken der §§ 74 ff. HGB, auf deren Grundlage die Diskussion bezüglich der im Vergleich zur bisherigen Rechtsprechung sach- und systemgerechteren Konkretisierung des § 138 BGB sowie der möglichen teilanalogen Anwendung der §§ 74 ff. HGB zugunsten aller Geschäftsführer geführt wird.

Competition is an intriguing and worrisome concept, sometimes perceived as a healthy emulation and sometimes as a form of Darwinism. Economic analysis provides a useful and rigorous guide to overcoming these oversimplified views by showing that competition is a mechanism for eliminating unjustified rents. This book presents the two main economic visions of competition (competition as a state versus as a process), but also its microeconomic and macroeconomic effects (notably on productivity and employment), the obstacles to its effectiveness, and the policies for opening up and regulating competition.

The past decade has been a time of great upheaval for transatlantic competition policy. This is evident in the United States (at the federal and state levels), the European Union, and the United Kingdom. With the reinvigoration of antitrust policy has come a reinvigoration of antitrust economics, which has been increasingly prominent in the reasoning of regulators and courts. This volume chronicles key flashpoints in this process, from an economics point of view. It provides 18 contributions from leading antitrust economists involved in recent groundbreaking merger, monopolization, and anticompetitive-agreement cases on both sides of the Atlantic. In all instances, the basic economic features of these important cases should be accessible to all readers who have an interest in antitrust.

Online platforms play a crucial role in today's economy by serving as intermediaries between consumers and suppliers. The economics governing their business model pushes them to first pursue growth over profits and later integrate vertically-a dynamic that has resulted in expansive digital ecosystems. The platforms orchestrating these ecosystems can have an incentive and ability to exclude suppliers ('intra-platform exclusion'). Article 102 TFEU targets such conduct, in particular through the figure of 'leveraging', but the economic and technological complexity of platforms has befuddled traditional legal analysis.This book presents an in-depth study of the abuse of dominance in the platform economy. It starts by studying platform business strategy and then systematically analyzes how different forms of leveraging abuse (tying, refusal to supply, margin squeeze, discrimination) should be reinterpreted in the platform economy. The book also recognizes the procompetitive role of platforms and suggests safeguarding it by duly considering justifications. Finally, the book surveys ex ante measures targeted at platforms such as non-discrimination rules, portability and interoperability measures, forced access, and break-up.The book was awarded the 2022 Concurrences Ph.D. Award in Law.

To realize public interest, the administration is granted with superior powers, namely public force. In return, in a state governed by the rule of law, a mechanism is needed to protect the rights of persons before ¿public force¿ and to secure the lawfulness of the ¿powerful¿ administration. Administrative law may be seen as a balance between public interest which is in favor of people as a community and public force which restricts the rights of persons. This book covers the general principles that administration should abide by, while serving for public interest by using public force.

Das Verhältnis des bundesrechtlich geregelten Kartellrechts zu Teilbereichen der Rechtsordnung, die in die Zuständigkeit der Länder fallen, ist eine seit Jahrzehnten nur unvollständig aufbereitete Fragestellung. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, die insoweit bestehende, mitunter diffuse, Gemengelage zu entwirren. Dabei werden anhand verschiedener Beispiele aus dem Bereich des Rundfunkrechts, des Glücksspielrechts sowie der kommunalen Daseinsvorsorge kompetenzrechtliche Erosionen offengelegt und sodann auf ihre Vereinbarkeit auf den grundgesetzlichen Kompetenzrahmen analysiert. Dabei wird auch eine unionsrechtliche Überlagerung des Kartellrechts untersucht. Anschließend wird geprüft, ob die hierbei offen zu Tage tretende Erosion der bundesstaatlichen Kompetenzordnung vor dem Hintergrund anderer Rechtsgrundsätze, etwa dem Grundsatz der Bundestreue, oder sogar einer grundsätzlich vorzugswürdigeren Passform des Kartellrechts zur Regelung der fraglichen Bereiche gerechtfertigt erscheint. Die sich aus der Untersuchung ergebenden Ergebnisse sind anschließend zusammengefasst.

In her thesis, Xue Bai realizes an in-depth study examining the challenges China faces in its endeavor to maintain a level playing field when state-owned enterprises (SOEs) actively compete in the market. The study examines various rounds of SOE reform in China and highlights the nature of SOEs and their close linkages with their government owners and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). This book observes that the market presence of Chinese SOEs has increased after several rounds of reform and argues that now is a good time for China to reconsider just how to level the playing field is between SOEs and non-SOEs. It is important because, in the absence of a competitively neutral environment, SOEs can reduce allocative efficiency by relying on their government ownership-generated advantages to take business from more efficient firms in the market. The comparative study in Australia shows that the presence of SOEs in the market does not necessarily cause competitive neutrality concerns if the anti-competitive conduct of SOEs is successfully scrutinised by the competition law and there are competitive neutrality rules in place to maintain a level playing field between SOEs and non-SOEs in the market. This book, therefore, investigates the effectiveness of China's current competition law and policy framework in ensuring a fair playing field, especially with a substantial number of SOEs active in the competitive market. The author demonstrates while the existing competition legislation in China (the Anti-Monopoly Law) has been applied to Chinese SOEs, competition enforcement faces additional challenges when dealing with SOEs. China currently does not have specific instruments in place to preserve a level playing field between SOEs and non-SOEs. While policy instructions, like the Fair Competition Review System (FCRS), can address regulatory concerns of SOEs to some extent, the author argues that more needs to be done to address the lack of a level playing field between SOEs and non-SOEs in China. The book provides general policy recommendations on how to implement a competitive neutrality policy in China that takes into account its unique economic and political structure. This book is an essential reading for scholars and practitioners of competition law and policy in China, as well as those interested in these issues internationally. This comprehensive study offers valuable insights into how China can promote fair competition between SOEs and private enterprises, thereby fostering long-term economic efficiency and social development. The book was awarded the Concurrences Ph.D. Award in Law.

EU-konkurrenceretten belyser de traditionelle dele af konkurrenceretten – forbuddet mod konkurrencebegrænsende aftaler, misbrug af dominerende stilling, reglerne om håndhævelse af disse bestemmelser, samt fusionskontrol. Endvidere beskriver bogen andre konkurrenceretlige fænomener, som i dag spiller en afgørende rolle for virksomheders og offentlige myndigheders adfærd på markedet.Forfatterne har skabt en temamæssig mere komplet fremstilling, som omfatter de fleste af de områder, som konkurrenceretsjuristen møder. På denne baggrund er de væsentligste dele af det offentliges konkurrenceforhold også inddraget i fremstillingen – forhold, som statsstøtte, liberaliseringen samt offentlige indkøb.Om forfatterne: Pernille Jessen er lektor ved juridisk institut på Aarhus Universitet.Bent Mortensen er professor i erhvervsreguleringsret ved Syddansk Universitet.Michael Steinicke er professor og institutleder ved Juridisk Institut på Aarhus Universitet.Karsten Engsig Sørensen, cand.jur., ph.d., dr.jur., fungerer som professor ved det Juridiske Institut, Aarhus Universitet.

From the man who coined the term "net neutrality" and who has made significant contributions to our understanding of antitrust policy and wireless communications, comes a call for tighter antitrust enforcement and an end to corporate bigness.