Historie: specielle begivenheder og emner

Una jovencita se ve, de repente, completamente sola y escapando de los nazis en su pueblo natal en Polonia. Después de haber sobrevivido a una aktion ideada para eliminar completamente a los judíos de Czestochowa, ella y su padre tratan de dirigirse de regreso a su casa a altas horas de la noche.Confrontados por un policía, Halina, inexplicablemente, huye y se aparta de su padre y comienza su largo viaje de supervivencia. Cansada ya de escapar, decide ofrecerse como voluntaria en un campo de trabajo. Aquella decisión la hace ganar algo de tiempo; los alemanes necesitan trabajadores para el esfuerzo de guerra. Halina trabaja en tres campos diferentes desde el otoño de 1943 hasta enero de 1945. Al principio, puede tolerar vivir en aquellos campos, a pesar de que trabaja muy duro y la alimentan muy poco, pero cuando los alemanes comienzan a perder la guerra, las condiciones se vuelven deplorables. Los judíos comienzan a infestarse de enfermedades y sus captores se vuelven cada vez más crueles.Al hacerse evidente que los alemanes están perdiendo la guerra, las SS vacían los campos y ponen a más de 2000 mujeres a caminar una marcha durante cuatro meses. En esta marcha caminarían más de 800 kilómetros, durante uno de los inviernos europeos más frío registrados. Halina fue una de las 300 mujeres en sobrevivir la marcha de la muerte a Volary y finalmente sintió la necesidad de contar su terrible historia de supervivencia.

Politikwissenschaftliche und zeitgeschichtliche Untersuchungen zu den Karrieren deutscher Spitzenpolitiker*innen beschäftigten sich bislang vor allem mit deren Aufstieg und weniger mit dem Ende von politischen Laufbahnen. Aus welchen Gründen treten Politiker*innen aus dem Amt zurück? Was sind die Hintergründe, Motive und Konsequenzen einer solchen Entscheidung? Müssen Rücktritte zwingend Resultat eines Scheiterns sein oder kann es auch ¿erfolgreiche¿ Rücktritte geben? In diesem Band werden theoretische Grundlagen der Rücktrittsforschung aus rechtlicher und politikwissenschaftlicher Perspektive erarbeitet, Rücktrittskulturen in unterschiedlichen Ländern vergleichend untersucht sowie verschiedene Fallbeispiele in ihren spezifischen Einzelfallbedingungen unter die Lupe genommen.

¿This book is the first sustained scholarly account of women and goddesses in presocratic philosophy. It approaches the origin of western philosophy via Nietzsche, Feminism, and Embodied Cognition in order to argue that the presocratics were reviving, within the largely patriarchal and death-glorifying culture of archaic Greece, a paleo/neolithic goddess-centered religiosity that affirmed life and rebirth. By taking readers from prehistoric Europe to classical Athens, Joseph I. Breidenstein Jr. provides a novel narrative of the dawn of western philosophy which is more comprehensive than traditional accounts and which helps us address contemporary problems¿the patriarchal attitudes and ideas that continue to corrupt academic-philosophical culture; the fascist-dominator lifestyle that continues to threaten western democracy and which is encouraged by the patriarchal aspects of academia; and the consumerism that continues to result from a materialistic-secular paradigm that is being increasingly recognized as both intellectually untenable and socially unsustainable.

This book argues first, that the forces of industrialization that transformed ship technology simultaneously transformed the working-class lives of merchant seamen, intensifying class conflict and producing collective networks of subversion and resistance within the urban borderland spaces of sailortowns in which sailors fought to maintain control over their mobility, agency, and rights. Second, that given their social, cultural, economic, geographic, and legal marginalization, merchant seamen have occupied essential roles at the parameters of US urban, legal, labor, immigration, and wartime history. Third, that the constellation of these histories, embedded in the encounters and negotiations that merchant seamen provoked along the nation¿s coastlines and sailortowns, collectively represents a unique and essential perspective on the history of US citizenship.

Kritische Reflexion über den Baumwollanbau in den USA, erzählt anhand einer persönlichen Familiengeschichte"Rotan Switch" ist Lisa McCords erste Monografie. Sie dokumentiert das Leben auf der Baumwollfarm ihrer Großeltern in der Gemeinde Rotan im Arkansas-Delta und ist nach dem zentralen Wahrzeichen der Gemeinde benannt - der Weiche, an der die Farmer ihre Baumwollballen auf Züge verluden. Obwohl seit Jahren ungenutzt, bleibt die Weiche ein kraftvolles Symbol für die komplexen Überschneidungen von Industrie und Landwirtschaft, von Rassismus und Ungerechtigkeit.Die in 44 Jahren gesammelten Bilder und Geschichten sind eine Reflexion über die Menschen und Orte, die McCord die Bedeutung des Wortes Heimat gelehrt haben. Dieses Langzeitprojekt aus McCords analogen Fotografien, Familienschnappschüssen und Ephemera wie Farbpolaroids und Rezepten, ist auch eine Selbsterforschung ihrer komplizierten Rolle in dieser Gemeinschaft.

This edited collection explores the pivotal role of the hotel industry in building Western Europe¿s tourism economy during the 20th century.The book brings together ten contributions focused on the same period, 1900-1970, to offer comparative perspectives from across the region including Italy, Switzerland, France, Spain and Britain. Drawing on historical case studies, chapters illuminate the different factors linking hotels and the broader tourism system including interventions of the public authorities and the State, the importance of private involvement, commercial strategies, the medium-term development of private hotels, hotel entrepreneurship, and the impact of economic crises and wars. By placing differing national approaches taken to the growth of the hotel industry in comparison, the book aims to fill a gap in the historiography of European hospitality and shed light on the wider impact of hotels and tourism on economic development at both a national and regional level. It will be of interest to a range of scholars, including in economic and business history, tourism studies, the history of tourism management, and social history.

Mellem 1850 og 1920 udvandrede omkring 350.000 danskere - godt 10 procent af den daværende befolkning - til Amerika for at begynde et nyt liv. Nogle drømte om en ny begyndelse med frihed, rigdom og lykke. Andre flygtede fra ulykkelige begivenheder eller en fortid med kriminalitet. Og andre igen håbede på, at de kunne føre en religiøs levevis, der ikke var plads til i Danmark.REJSEN TIL AMERIKA er udvandrernes historie; en fortælling om store forventninger, hårdt slid, stædighed, falske forhåbninger og - for nogles vedkommende - opfyldelsen af den amerikanske drøm.. Det er en dokumentarisk fortælling stykket sammen af breve, dagbøger, erindringer, artikler, illustrationer, fotos og anden research i USA, Tyskland, England og Danmark.REJSEN TIL AMERIKA udkom første gang som et tobindsværk i 2013 og 2015. Denne version er en sammeskrevet version af de to bind. Dengang skrev anmelderne bl.a:"Et uvurderligt bidrag til den del af dansk historie, der udspiller sig oversøisk." Information"Bevægende." Politiken (fem hjerter)"Mage til vilde skæbner skal man lede længe efter." Weekendavisen"Smukt og fængslende." Fyens Stiftstidende

Anhand von zehn ausgewählten niedersächsisch-welfischen Städten stellt Gaby Kuper die Beziehung zwischen der Entwicklung der Städte und der Organisation der Pfarreien im Mittelalter dar. Waren Stadtkirchen immer auch Pfarrkirchen? Und lassen sich die Grenzen der städtischen Pfarreien nachvollziehen? Welchen Einfluss hatten die welfischen Stadtherren auf diese Entwicklung? Untersucht werden Großstädte wie Braunschweig, von Burgen dominierte Städte wie Lüneburg, Göttingen, Hannover, Winsen/L. und Harburg oder von kirchlichen Einrichtungen geprägte Städte wie Uelzen, Gandersheim, Einbeck und Duderstadt. Stadtpläne und Karten ergänzen die Analysen.Based on ten selected Guelph towns, the relationship between the development of towns and parish organisation in the Middle Ages is presented. Urban churches, did they always be parish churches? And can the boundaries of the urban parishes be traced? What influence did the Guelph town lords have on this development? Major cities such as Brunswick, towns dominated by castles such as Lüneburg, Göttingen, Hanover, Winsen/L. and Harburg, or towns characterised by ecclesiastical institutions such as Uelzen, Gandersheim, Einbeck and Duderstadt are examined. Town plans and maps complete the analyses.

This book gives a detailed information of various soft computing techniques across various fields for solving relevant, real-life problems. The authors, all female leaders in the field, show how soft computing uses approximate calculations to provide imprecise yet usable solutions to complex computational problems. This enables solutions for problems that may be either unsolvable or too time-consuming to solve with current hardware. The authors show how these techniques, when applied, have proven to be efficient and robust in many difficult situations. As an important part of the Women in Science and Engineering book series, the work highlights the contribution of women leaders in soft computing, inspiring women and men, girls and boys to enter and apply themselves to secure the future in the field.

Contributions of the Report:- The report provides a comprehensive understanding of the complexities of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the role of Arab states in its resolution.- It explores the historical context and individual positions of Arab states, shedding light on their motivations and challenges in achieving a lasting ceasefire.- The report emphasises the need for a nuanced understanding of the historical, political, economic, and social factors at play in order to find a sustainable path to peace.- It highlights the importance of regional alliances, national interests, and engagement with the international community in addressing the obstacles to peace in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.- The report also discusses the economic challenges faced by countries like Somalia, which limit their ability to contribute to the resolution of the conflict.Overall, the report contributes to a more informed and enlightened discourse on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, aiming to pave the way for a brighter and more harmonious future for all those impacted by this enduring struggle.Practical Implications of the Report:- The report provides insights into the motivations, challenges, and perspectives of Arab states in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which can inform diplomatic efforts and negotiations.- Understanding the historical, political, economic, and social factors in the conflict can help formulate more effective strategies for achieving a lasting ceasefire and resolution.- Recognising the diverse concerns, interests, and challenges brought by each Arab state to the table can facilitate dialogue and collaboration among regional actors.- Addressing socio-economic factors and alleviating grievances can contribute to stability and create an environment conducive to peace.- The report highlights the need for regional alliances and engagement with the international community to overcome obstacles and work towards a sustainable path to peace.Overall, the report's practical implications lie in providing a comprehensive understanding of the complexities of the conflict and offering insights that can guide diplomatic efforts, inform policy decisions, and foster collaboration among stakeholders.

Delve into the gripping tale of Blackbeard, the notorious pirate who sailed the high seas, in this concise and compelling book. Uncover the mysteries behind his fearsome reputation, ruthless tactics, and the legends that shroud his adventurous life. From his formidable presence to his dramatic encounters, this book offers a thrilling journey through the captivating world of one of history's most infamous maritime figures.

"A Hudson Valley Reckoning tells the story of northern slavery from the perspectives of two intertwined families. Debra Bruno's Dutch ancestors were enslavers, while Eleanor C. Mire's ancestors descended from those enslaved by Bruno's family. Despite their dark history, the two found a way to honor those whose stories had been lost"--

"Why are some countries more democratic than others? By neglecting colonialism, existing research overlooks origins: for most non-European countries, elections began under Western colonial rule. Analyzing a global sample of colonies across four centuries, this book explains the emergence of colonial electoral institutions and their lasting impact"--

"An esteemed activist invites us to consider the complex idea of abolition as much more than a strategy or a set of tactics-at a deeper level, abolition is an entire political framework, culture, and orientation"--

"An illustrated edition of The 1619 Project, with newly commissioned artwork and archival images, The New York Times Magazine's award-winning reframing of the American founding and its contemporary echoes, placing slavery and resistance at the center of the American story. Here, in these pages, Black art provides refuge. The marriage of beautiful, haunting and profound words and imagery creates an experience for the reader, a wanting to reflect, to sit in both the discomfort and the joy, to contemplate what a nation owes a people who have contributed so much and yet received so little, and maybe even, to act. --Nikole Hannah-Jones, from the Preface. Curated by the editors of The New York Times Magazine, led by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Nikole Hannah-Jones, this illustrated edition of The 1619 Project features seven chapters from the original book that lend themselves to beautiful, engaging visuals, deepening the experience of the content. The 1619 Project: A Visual Experience offers the same revolutionary idea as the original book, an argument for a new national origin story that begins in late August of 1619, when a cargo ship of enslaved people from Africa arrived on the shores of Jamestown, Virginia. Only by reckoning with this difficult history and understanding its powerful influence on our present can we prepare ourselves for a more just future. Filled with original art by thirteen Black artists like Carrie Mae Weems, Calida Rawles, Vitus Shell, Xaviera Simmons, on the themes of resistance and freedom, a brand-new photo essay about slave auction sites, vivid photos of Black Americans celebrating their own forms of patriotism, and a collection of archival images of Black families by Black photographers, this gorgeous volume offers readers a dynamic new way of experiencing the impact of The 1619 Project. Complete with many of the powerful essays and vignettes from the original edition, written by some of the most brilliant journalists, scholars, and thinkers of our time, The 1619 Project: A Visual Experience brings to life a fuller, more comprehensive understanding of American history and culture"--

'Hovedstaden bag facaden' er en stemningsmættet og skøn tur til gemte og glemte steder i storbyen, der skildres gennem cirka 300 billeder. Bogen er en kunstnerisk og moderne formidling af byens kulturbærende erhvervsdrivende nicheforretninger og mindre familiedrevne virksomheder i alle afskygninger. En hyldest til det København, der er ved at forsvinde.Det er et portræt af de mennesker, der befolker stederne som stamgæster, kunder og indehavere, side om side med motiver af interiør, facader, genstande og det omkringliggende bymiljø. Det er en række personlige fortællinger om en vigtig, men desværre ofte overset del af byen, der fortjener offentlighedens opmærksomhed, så nye generationer af københavnere kan lære byen at kende og reflektere over dens fortid, nutid og fremtid.Forfatterne står sammen med Københavns Museum også bag særudstillingen 'Min butik!'. Museumsinspektør Regitze Lindø Westergaard og tidligere museumsinspektør Stefanie Høy Brink har bidraget til tekst i bogen.

Wings of Success brings you this title, How To Uncover Your Genealogy, your Genealogy.In this ebook, you will learn why you should explore your past, genealogy and history, research and effort methods for creating a family tree, hiring a professional, family tree software, getting started in genealogy, an excellent source for genealogy research, preserving your genealogy research, a great ancestry research source on the internet, learning about your family's past, tracing one's roots via family history genealogy, and tips to create your free family tree.

America seems divided as never before, segregated into political tribes with antithetical beliefs. But are these sides really that different? Does virtue lie at just one political extreme? On what are our political opinions and affiliations based? Is one side correct and the other wrong? Is the divide really a conflict between socialism and capitalism, and if so, what do these ideologies mean and how did they evolve?The Power Matrix attempts to answer these questions graphically using the simple assumption that everything in the universe is based on energy. This basic understanding allows one to construct graphs chronicling how different forms of complexity emerged. Human society is just another complex system that conforms to the laws of nature. Examining the origins and evolution of society allows us to see the modern world in context and explains why our current circumstances are so unique and fragile. Perhaps this perspective will make it easier for Americans and to discover that our friends, neighbors, and fellow citizens who disagree with us are not immoral or ignorant, and that maybe everyone has a unique perspective and something worthwhile to say.

This edited collection offers a timely and original perspective on the many upheavals and revolutions that broke out across the world during the earlytwentieth century. With previous research tending to confine revolutions within national borders, this book sets out to place them within a broader global sphere of thought and action. The authors explore the time phase between the Russian Revolution of 1905 and the Asturian Revolution of 1934, including cases from South Africa, Australia, China, the Middle East and Latin America. Providing insights from leading scholars in the field, this collection highlights the interconnectedness and transnationalism of upheavals and revolutions, offering a new approach which integrates political, social and cultural history.Chapter 8 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via Link.springer.com

This book presents gendered readings of cultural manifestations that relate to the Ottoman era as a preferred past and a model for the future. By means of claims of authenticity and the distribution of imaginaries of a homogenous desirable alternative to everyday concerns, as well as invoking an imperial past at the national level. In this mode of thinking, shaped around a polarised worldview, Republican ideals serve as a counter-image to the promoted splendour and harmony of the Ottomans. Yet, the stereotypical gender roles inextricably linked with this neo-Ottoman imaginary remain largely unacknowledged, dissimulated in the construction of the desire of an idealised past. Our adaption of a cultural studies perspective in this volume puts special emphasis on agency, gender, and authority. It provides a shared ground for the interrogation, through the contributions comprising this project of knowledge production about the past in light of what constitutes acceptable legitimacy in interpreting not only the canonical literature, but history at large.

This book develops our understanding of the global literary field in the long nineteenth century by discussing nine different places outside the established metropoles. It shows how different economic, geographical and political factors combined to give each place its own distinctive literary culture and symbolic capital. Taking a geocritical approach, the book shows how its different case studies can be seen as ¿literary capitals¿ in terms of their role within the wider nation, region or empire. The volume is divided into three parts. Part One discusses Kolkata, Hong Kong and Buenos Aires. Part Two considers ¿semi-peripheral¿ European cities: Pest-Buda (Budapest), Helsinki and Dublin. Part Three focuses on cities within Italy: Trieste, Florence and Rome. Drawing on a wide range of literary texts and different genres, the book reads the nineteenth-century literary field as a constellation where different connections can be plotted across various points on the map at different times.

Offering a fresh take on a crucial phase of European history, this book explores the years between the 1980s and 1990s when the European Union took shape. Whilst contributing to existing literature on the Maastricht Treaty and European integration at the end of the twentieth century, the book also brings those debates into the twenty-first century and makes connections with longer-term issues. The transformation of the European political climate in the wake of the global financial crisis in 2008, and the watershed Brexit vote in 2016, has made it all the more urgent to reconsider the way scholars and opinion-makers have looked at European integration in the past. Drawing from recently released archival documents, the authors analyse European cooperation as part of the broader international history in which it unfolded, taking into account the changes in the Cold War order and the advance of a new phase of globalisation. Comparing and contrasting the debates, objectives and achievementsof the 1980s and 1990s with the current political landscape of the European Union, this book proposes a novel interpretation of the choices that were made during the Maastricht years, and of their longer-term consequences.

Muhammad, The Last Prophet presents a comprehensive account of the life of the last Prophet - Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). This translation allows young English-speaking Muslims to benefit from Syed Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi's renowned Islamic scholarship. The work covers the historical background to the call to Islam as well as provides an authentic description of the experiences encountered by Allah's Messenger as he struggled to bring his wayward community to the Divine Path.This book offers guidance and inspiration to young Muslims seeking answers to the evil's in today's society. Relying on the Holy Qur'an and its contemporary sources, the author illustrates how the natural order was restored from chaos 1.400 years ago.SAYYED ABUL HASAN 'ALI NADWI (1914-99) was one of the leading Muslim scholars of his time. He was a powerful and eloquent writer and orator, both in Urdu and Arabic. He wrote prolifically, and many of his books for children have been translated into English: among them are Stories of the Prophets; A Starlight View of Islam's Past; Stories from Islamic History and The Minaret Speaks.

Sail Beyond Myths and into the Heart of Piracy's True TalesDive into the swashbuckling depths of history with "X Marks the Spot: Debunking Pirate Myths," your treasure map to unraveling the enigmas of the high seas. Forget what you think you know about pirates-the flagrant villains and the romantic antiheroes that Hollywood has offered you. It's time to meet the authentic buccaneers, whose stories have been shrouded in far more than sea mist.Our voyage begins by setting the stage in The Golden Age of Piracy, where myths are cast off like heavy anchors. Discover the truth behind the origins of the Jolly Roger and its multiple misconceptions. Unearth the daily gritty existence the pirates endured, starkly contrasting with the charming life of freedom you've been sold.Steady as you go, you'll scrutinize the fabled Pirate's Code-was it a blueprint for democracy or another tall tale? You'll dig up the dirt on buried treasure, the real stories behind the treasure maps, and the betrayals fueled by gilded desires. From the notorious Blackbeard to the overlooked but formidable female pirates like Anne Bonny, this book corrects the courses charted by exaggeration and misrepresentation.Amid ripping sea battles and devastating raids, you'll stand shoulder to shoulder with captains as legends come alive in The Terror of the Seas. Feel the deck beneath your feet as you learn about the actual types of ships that cut through the ocean's waves and the tactics pirates employed to become the terror of the trading routes.As we reach calmer waters in The End of the Era, witness how the once-mighty pirates were brought to their knees by sagacious naval forces. Finally, reflect on the cultural legacy these maritime marauders have left in their wake-how they shaped international waters, maritime laws, and indefinitely, our fascination with piracy.Prepare to hoist the sails on an expedition that not only busts long-held myths but also pays homage to the authentic villains and heroes of the sea. Embark on this nautical adventure in the pages of "X Marks the Spot: Debunking Pirate Myths", and return to port with a treasure trove of true pirate lore.

This book presents a study of the history of ancient Chinese books, not only highlighting specific aspects of the ontology of book history, such as printing and publishing, but also analyzing the internal and external causes of the development of book undertakings from a macro-perspective. Placing the development of and changes in the history of books in the context of social development, it investigates its interaction with politics, economy, society, education, and religion, especially with the big culture, and constructs a book-centered history of ancient Chinese culture.