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Matematisk logik

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  • af Lars Bo Gundersen
    70,95 - 183,94 kr.

    Hej logik giver en pædagogisk indføring i klassisk logik. Med eksempler og øvelser guider forfatteren læseren igennem centrale temaer i doms- og prædikatslogikken: Hvordan gyldighed hænger sammen med logisk form, hvordan man afdækker logiske strukturer ved at formalisere elementerne i et argument, og hvordan man analyserer logisk form ved at bruge sandhedstabeller og semantiske træer. Bogen kan bruges som lærebog til logikkurser i gymnasiet og på universitetet. Samtidig gør en filosofisk perspektivering af grundtemaerne den også interessant for den mere logikkyndige.Titlen henviser til 'Hej logikmaskinen', der er bogens nye måde at forstå logikkens centrale funktionsbegreb på. Mange finder funktionsbegrebet abstrakt og utilgængeligt, men i Hej logik bliver det forståeligt og intuitivt.

  •  
    247,95 kr.

    The Journal of Applied Logics - IfCoLog Journal of Logics and their Applications (FLAP) covers all areas of pure and applied logic, broadly construed. All papers published are free open access, and available via the College Publications website. This Journal is open access, puts no limit on the number of pages of any article, puts no limit on the number of papers in an issue and puts no limit on the number of issues per year. We insist only on a very high academic standard, and will publish issues as they come.

  • af Nicola Bellini
    276,95 kr.

    Algebra con elementi di logica matematica e teoria degli insiemi.

  • af David Ellerman
    193,95 kr.

    This book is an introduction to the logic of partitions on a set as well as the (quantum) logic of partitions (direct-sum decompositions or DSDs) on a vector space. Partitions of a set are categorically dual to subsets of a set. Thus the logic of partitions is, in that sense, the dual to the Boolean logic of subsets (usually presented as the special case of propositional logic).Since partitions can be seen as the inverse image partitions of random variables or numerical attributes, partition logic is the logic of random variables or numerical attributes (abstracted from the actual values). On the lattice of partitions of an arbitrary unstructured set, there is a rich algebraic structure of dual operations of implication and co-implication - resembling a non-distributive version of Heyting and co-Heyting algebras.

  • af Kai F. Wehmeier
    367,95 - 452,95 kr.

  • af Troels Andreasen
    1.648,95 kr.

    Flexible Query Answering Systems is an edited collection of contributed chapters. It focuses on developing computer systems capable of transforming a query into an answer with useful information. The emphasis is on problems associated with high-level intelligent answering systems. The coverage is multidisciplinary with chapters by authors from information science, logic, fuzzy systems, databases, artificial intelligence and knowledge representation. Each contribution represents a theory involving flexibility in query-answering, and each addresses specific answering problems. Coverage includes topics such as fuzzy sets in flexible querying, non-standard database interactions, metareasoning and agents, and many others. Contributions for this volume were written by leading researchers from their respective subject areas, including Patrick Bosc, Bernadette Bouchon-Meunier, Amihai Motro, Henri Prade and Ron Yager, among others. Flexible Query Answering Systems is a timely contribution for researchers working on high-level query mechanism systems.

  • af Joseph Mazur
    252,95 kr.

  • af Igor Sedlár
    193,95 kr.

    This volume of the Logica Yearbook series brings together articles presented at the annual international symposium Logica 2022, Teplá, the Czech Republic. The articles range over mathematical and philosophical logic, history and philosophy of logic, and the analysis of natural language.

  • af Jean-Yves Béziau
    1.390,95 - 1.540,95 kr.

  • af Fernando R. Velázquez-Quesada
    452,95 kr.

    This book constitutes the revised selected papers of the 5th International Workshop on Dynamic Logic. New Trends and Applications, DaLí 2023, held in Tbilisi, Georgia, during September 15¿16, 2023. The 8 full papers in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 10 submissions. They deal with new trends and applications in the area of Dynamic Logic.

  • af William M. Farmer
    524,95 - 822,95 kr.

  • af Antonio Piccolomini d¿Aragona
    963,95 - 1.170,95 kr.

  • af Elmer Dadios
    1.004,95 kr.

    Fuzzy logic systems have been a hot topic in the scientific and academic community for more than half a century. The idea of making machines behave and make decisions like humans do is astounding. The development and implementation of fuzzy logic systems can be seen in various real physical applications in daily human life. The methods employed using fuzzy logic have resulted in innovative technologies. This book provides insights into understanding the principles and concepts behind the advances of fuzzy logic systems. It presents ideas concerning fuzzy logic systems and their technological applications. The book is arranged into two sections on theories and foundations of fuzzy logic systems and implementations of fuzzy logic systems in service to the community.

  •  
    223,95 kr.

    The Journal of Applied Logics - IfCoLog Journal of Logics and their Applications (FLAP) covers all areas of pure and applied logic, broadly construed. All papers published are free open access, and available via the College Publications website. This Journal is open access, puts no limit on the number of pages of any article, puts no limit on the number of papers in an issue and puts no limit on the number of issues per year. We insist only on a very high academic standard, and will publish issues as they come.

  • af Juan Redmond
    171,95 kr.

    Lógica Dialógica. Reglas y ejercicios para hacer lógica con diálogos constituye la primera introducción a la Lógica dialógica en castellano dirigida a la práctica de la dialógica y que contiene comentarios precisos sobre ejercicios y soluciones tanto de lógica proposicional como de lógica clásica de primer orden, intuicionista y elementos de lógica modal proposicional. Es la primera parte de la obra Los Diálogos de la Lógica, concebida en dos textos autónomos separados sobre lógica dialógica. Los dos textos deberían ofrecer conjuntamente una visión técnica y filosófica completa del enfoque dialógico de la lógica

  • af Adam Bjorndahl
    302,95 - 853,95 kr.

  • af Urszula B. Wybraniec-Skardowska
    1.134,95 - 1.207,95 kr.

  • af Dov Gabbay
    301,95 kr.

    The Journal of Applied Logics - IfCoLog Journal of Logics and their Applications (FLAP) covers all areas of pure and applied logic, broadly construed. All papers published are free open access, and available via the College Publications website. This Journal is open access, puts no limit on the number of pages of any article, puts no limit on the number of papers in an issue and puts no limit on the number of issues per year. We insist only on a very high academic standard, and will publish issues as they come.

  • af Lewis Carroll
    123,95 kr.

    The Game of Logic is a book written by Lewis Carroll, the author best known for his famous works such as Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass. The Game of Logic is a treatise on logic and logical reasoning, written in the form of a game. The book was first published in 1887 and is still considered a valuable resource for those interested in logic and mathematics.In The Game of Logic, Carroll presents a series of logical problems and puzzles that are designed to be solved using a system he calls "diagrams." These diagrams are a visual tool that helps the reader to understand the relationships between different logical statements and propositions.Overall, The Game of Logic is a fascinating and engaging exploration of logical reasoning and is highly recommended for anyone interested in mathematics, philosophy or logic.

  • af Keiji Hirata
    1.475,95 - 1.922,95 kr.

    This book presents a new approach to computational musicology in which music becomes a computational entity based on human cognition, allowing us to calculate music like numbers. Does music have semantics? Can the meaning of music be revealed using symbols and described using language? The authors seek to answer these questions in order to reveal the essence of music. Chapter 1 addresses a very fundamental point, the meaning of music, while referring to semiotics, gestalt, Schenkerian analysis and cognitive reality. Chapter 2 considers why the 12-tone equal temperament came to be prevalent. This chapter serves as an introduction to the mathematical definition of harmony, which concerns the ratios of frequency in tonic waves. Chapter 3, "e;Music and Language,"e; explains the fundamentals of grammar theory and the compositionality principle, which states that the semantics of a sentence can be composed in parallel to its syntactic structure. In turn, Chapter 4 explains the most prevalent score notation - the Berklee method, which originated at the Berklee School of Music in Boston - from a different point of view, namely, symbolic computation based on music theory. Chapters 5 and 6 introduce readers to two important theories, the implication-realization model and generative theory of tonal music (GTTM), and explain the essence of these theories, also from a computational standpoint. The authors seek to reinterpret these theories, aiming at their formalization and implementation on a computer. Chapter 7 presents the outcomes of this attempt, describing the framework that the authors have developed, in which music is formalized and becomes computable. Chapters 8 and 9 are devoted to GTTM analyzers and the applications of GTTM. Lastly, Chapter 10 discusses the future of music in connection with computation and artificial intelligence.This book is intended both for general readers who are interested in music, and scientists whose research focuses on music information processing. In order to make the content as accessible as possible, each chapter is self-contained.

  • af Wei Li
    1.538,95 - 1.733,95 kr.

    This third volume of the book series shows R-calculus is a Gentzen-typed deduction system which is non-monotonic, and is a concrete belief revision operator which is proved to satisfy the AGM postulates and the DP postulates. In this book, R-calculus is taken as Tableau-based/sequent-based/multisequent-based to preserve the satisfiability of the Theory/sequent/multisequent to revise, or sequent-based, to preserve the satisfiability of the sequent to revise. The R-calculi for Post and three-valued logic is given.  This book offers a rich blend of theory and practice. It is suitable for students, researchers and practitioners in the field of logic. 

  • af George Boole
    231,95 - 332,95 kr.

  • af Denis Berthier
    517,95 kr.

    CSP-Rules is a generic pattern-based (or rule-based) solver of finite binary Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). This software is available on GitHub and it includes fully developed applications to various logic puzzles such as Sudoku, Latin Squares (allowing their Pandiagonal variant), Futoshiki, Kakuro, Numbrix, Hidato, Slitherlink and Map Colouring.CSP-Rules produces not only the solution to a CSP (as all the existing CSP solvers) but also a full "resolution path", i.e. a detailed justification for each step; this is a full mathematical proof of the solution. CSP-Rules and the present book are closely related to the author's book "Pattern Based Constraint Satisfaction and Logic Puzzles", where the fundamental theory underlying the approach is presented.This book includes an extended version of the original "Basic User Manual". But it also introduces new powerful generic rules (OR-chains) for taking advantage of almost-contradictory patterns. In particular, it applies these chains to the analysis of a newly discovered pattern (tridagon) and to the classification of a large database of extreme Sudoku puzzles that have it. It also adds the analyses of 630 impossible patterns and explains how to deal with such a large number of patterns. It shows that a handful of them provide almost the same resolution power as the full set. The long final two chapters are written as research notebooks on these very advanced topics.

  • af Alex Citkin
    1.207,95 - 1.361,95 kr.

    This book is dedicated to V.A. Yankov's seminal contributions to the theory of propositional logics. His papers, published in the 1960s, are highly cited even today. The Yankov characteristic formulas have become a very useful tool in propositional, modal and algebraic logic.The papers contributed to this book provide the new results on different generalizations and applications of characteristic formulas in propositional, modal and algebraic logics. In particular, an exposition of Yankov's results and their applications in algebraic logic, the theory of admissible rules and refutation systems is included in the book. In addition, the reader can find the studies on splitting and join-splitting in intermediate propositional logics that are based on Yankov-type formulas which are closely related to canonical formulas, and the study of properties of predicate extensions of non-classical propositional logics.The book also contains an exposition of Yankov's revolutionary approach to constructive proof theory. The editors also include Yankov's contributions to history and philosophy of mathematics and foundations of mathematics, as well as an examination of his original interpretation of history of Greek philosophy and mathematics.

  • af William Duncan
    331,95 kr.

    Originally published in 1748, this comprehensive treatise on logic was designed to be a primer for young scholars entering the fields of philosophy and mathematics. With its clear and concise explanations of the principles of reasoning and argumentation, 'The Elements of Logic' remains a valuable resource for anyone seeking to enhance their critical thinking skills.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

  • af William Thomson
    346,95 kr.

    This classic text, written by philosopher and mathematician William Thomson, presents a systematic exposition of the laws of thought and their role in science, logic, and philosophy. The book is still widely used in philosophy and mathematics courses today.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

  • af Hajnal Andréka
    856,95 - 1.207,95 kr.

    This book gives a comprehensive introduction to Universal Algebraic Logic. The three main themes are (i) universal logic and the question of what logic is, (ii) duality theories between the world of logics and the world of algebra, and (iii) Tarskian algebraic logic proper including algebras of relations of various ranks, cylindric algebras, relation algebras, polyadic algebras and other kinds of algebras of logic. One of the strengths of our approach is that it is directly applicable to a wide range of logics including not only propositional logics but also e.g. classical first order logic and other quantifier logics. Following the Tarskian tradition, besides the connections between logic and algebra, related logical connections with geometry and eventually spacetime geometry leading up to relativity are also part of the perspective of the book. Besides Tarskian algebraizations of logics, category theoretical perspectives are also touched upon. This book, apart from being a monograph containing state of the art results in algebraic logic, can be used as the basis for a number of different courses intended for both novices and more experienced students of logic, mathematics, or philosophy. For instance, the first two chapters can be used in their own right as a crash course in Universal Algebra.

  • af Fernando Ferreira
    793,95 - 877,95 kr.

    In this two-volume compilation of articles, leading researchers reevaluate the success of Hilbert's axiomatic method, which not only laid the foundations for our understanding of modern mathematics, but also found applications in physics, computer science and elsewhere.The title takes its name from David Hilbert's seminal talk Axiomatisches Denken, given at a meeting of the Swiss Mathematical Society in Zurich in 1917. This marked the beginning of Hilbert's return to his foundational studies, which ultimately resulted in the establishment of proof theory as a new branch in the emerging field of mathematical logic. Hilbert also used the opportunity to bring Paul Bernays back to Gottingen as his main collaborator in foundational studies in the years to come.The contributions are addressed to mathematical and philosophical logicians, but also to philosophers of science as well as physicists and computer scientists with an interest in foundations.Chapter 8 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

  • af Kevin Broughan
    1.818,95 kr.

    The Riemann hypothesis (RH) may be the most important outstanding problem in mathematics. This third volume on equivalents to RH comprehensively presents recent results of Nicolas, Rogers¿Tao¿Dobner, Polymath15, and Matiyasevich. Particularly interesting are derivations which show, assuming all zeros on the critical line are simple, that RH is decidable. Also included are classical PólyäJensen equivalence and related developments of Ono et al. Extensive appendices highlight key background results, most of which are proved. The book is highly accessible, with definitions repeated, proofs split logically, and graphical visuals. It is ideal for mathematicians wishing to update their knowledge, logicians, and graduate students seeking accessible number theory research problems. The three volumes can be read mostly independently. Volume 1 presents classical and modern arithmetic RH equivalents. Volume 2 covers equivalences with a strong analytic orientation. Volume 3 includes further arithmetic and analytic equivalents plus new material on RH decidability.

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