Elektricitet, elektromagnetisme og magnetisme

Har du nogensinde tænkt over hvad der er bag stikkontakten? The Visual Guide to the Power Grid – Inside the Greatest Machine in the World er en illustreret rundtur i det fascinerende elsystem. Bogen viser det sammenknyttede netværk af brølende maskiner, knitrende infrastruktur og gigantiske investeringer som tilsammen sikrer, at der elektricitet i stikkontakten lige når du har brug for det.Bogen giver svar på spørgsmål som: Hvad foregår der under kølerhjelmen på et kraftværk eller i toppen af vindmølle? Hvorfor svinger elprisen fra time til time og fra sted til sted? Hvordan lægger man elkabler på havbunden? Hvorfor er kontrolrums-ingeniører særligt spændte under VM? Kort sagt: Det er elsystemets ’how stuff works’. Nysgerrige mennesker med interesse for videnskab og energi, vil aldrig se en stikkontakt i samme lys igen.Om forfatteren: Christian Dahl Winther (cand.oecon, ph.d.) har arbejdet med energi i en årrække, og hans passion for elsystemet giver bogen drivkraft og trækker læseren med. Bogen er særligt relevant netop nu, hvor den grønne omstilling er på alles læber, men hvor få kender til den bagvedliggende sektor.

”Om morgenen ringer vækkeuret på min telefon. Jeg står op, tænder lyset på badeværelset, børster tænder, tager tøj på, varmer vand i el-kedlen til kaffe, rister lidt brød, finder noget syltetøj i køleskabet. Jeg hører måske lidt radio, før jeg tager metroen hen på arbejde, fordi min cykel er punkteret. Før jeg går, tjekker jeg lige rejseplanen, så jeg er sikker på at tage den hurtigste rute til laboratoriet.Ud over tandbørstning og det med at tage tøj på, kunne ingen af de ting lade sig gøre, hvis ikke ham, denne her bog er skrevet om, havde fået en idé og lavet et bestemt eksperiment for 200 år siden. Et eksperiment, ingen før han havde haft fantasi til at lave. Alle andre var nemlig enige om, at det, han ledte efter, ikke fandtes. Men det gjorde det, og han fandt det. Eksperimentet ændrede verden og måden man opfattede den på radikalt. Lærebøgerne i fysik skulle skrives om. Et gammelt verdensbillede forsvandt, og et nyt dukkede frem.Før Ørsted gjorde sin opdagelse, så morgenen snarere sådan her ud: Om morgenen vågner jeg ved, at hanen galer. Jeg står op og tager tøj på, tænder olielampen og henter brænde til komfuret. Jeg henter vand i kedlen og varmer det over ilden. Jeg finder syltetøjet ude i fadeburet, rister og kværner kaffe, hælder vand hen over og drikker det, før jeg skal afsted. Min hest er punkteret, så jeg må gå hele vejen hen til arbejde. Før jeg går, vækker jeg lige Åge for at høre, hvilken vej jeg skal gå for at undgå at få for meget mudder på skoene.”Sådan begynder Johan Olsens bog, der udkommer i anledning af 200-året for H.C. Ørsteds opdagelse af elektromagnetismen.Bogen er illustreret delvis af faktuelle billeder og modeller, delvis af Thomas Hjorthaabs humoristiske streg, der også har akkompagneret Johans kloge ord i både Bogen om verden og Hvad er et æg?.

Elektromagnetismens opdager, Hans Christian Ørsted, fejres i denne spektakulære udgivelse. HCØ opdager elektromagnetismen i 1820. Det er en af de mest betydningsfulde opdagelser i videnskaben nogensinde. HCØ er med andre ord en af de største forskere, Danmark har fostret. Men i sin egen tid var HCØ en videnskabelig oprører, der livet igennem måtte slås for sine ideer. HCØ – Kampen om videnskaben fortæller historien om én mands rejse mod oplysningens tinde, om hans sejre og nederlag, og om den gejst, eller ånd, der drev ham. I samarbejde med Videnskabernes Selskab udgiver Cobolt en tegneserie om Danmarks største videnskabsperson, H. C. Ørsted og fejrer dermed 200-året for hans skelsættende opdagelse af elektromagnetismen. Forfatter, Henrik Prætorius, er videnskabsformidler og har blandt andet 20 års erfaring som videnskabsjournalist i DR og Experimentarium. Peter Snejbjerg er tegneserieskaber særligt kendt for sit arbejde for det amerikanske forlag DC Comics, hvor han har tegnet til blandt andet Batman, Books of Magic (Neil Gaiman) og Preacher. Snejbjerg står også bag en række Anders And-historier. Niels Roland, illustrator og tegneserietegner, er særligt kendt for den videnskabelige stribe i Weekendavisen ‘Kloge hoveder’ og børnetegneserien i samme avis ‘Nøglevogterne’ (bind 1-2 er udkommet på Cobolt). Angelica Inigo er tegneserieskaber og illustrator og hun er uddannet i Grafisk Fortælling på The Animation Workshop. Projektet HCØ – Kampen om videnskaben er støttet af Novo Nordisk Fonden

This book addresses the most advanced to-date mathematical approach and numerical methods in electromagnetic field theory and wave propagation. It presents the application of developed methods and techniques to the analysis of waves in various guiding structures -shielded and open metal-dielectric waveguides of arbitrary cross-section, planar and circular waveguides filled with inhomogeneous dielectrics, metamaterials, chiral media, anisotropic media and layered media with absorption. It also looks into spectral properties of wave propagation for the waveguide families being considered, and the relevant mathematical techniques such as spectral theory of non-self-adjoint operator-valued functions are described, including rigorous proofs of the existence of various types of waves. Further, numerical methods constructed on the basis of the presented mathematical approach and the results of numerical modeling for various structures are also described in depth.The book is beneficial to a broad spectrum of readers ranging from pure and applied mathematicians in electromagnetic field theory to researchers and engineers who are familiar with mathematics. Further, it is also useful as a supplementary text for upper-level undergraduate students interested in learning more advanced topics of mathematical methods in electromagnetics.

This book examines the topics of magnetohydrodynamics and plasma oscillations, in addition to the standard topics discussed to cover courses in electromagnestism, electrodynamics, and fundamentals of physics, to name a few. This textbook on electricity and magnetism is primarily targeted at graduate students of physics. The undergraduate students of physics also find the treatment of the subject useful. The treatment of the special theory of relativity clearly emphasises the Lorentz covariance of Maxwell's equations. The rather abstruse topic of radiation reaction is covered at an elementary level, and the Wheeler-Feynman absorber theory has been dwelt upon briefly in the book.

Narrative and Cultural Humility examines the collision of cultures as Josselson taught group therapy to Chinese therapists over the course of 10 years. Her time in China led to lessons on the need for cultural humility in trying to narrate both her own experience and the experiences of her students.

This book highlights the preparation and characterization of efficient electromagnetic shielding composites containing bio-carbon derived from natural loofah with unique three-dimensional porous structures by means of entire structure design of composites according to shielding theory. The synergistic effect of multifunctional nanoparticles and bio-carbon on electromagnetic shielding mechanism, mechanical performance, and thermal stability of composites obtained has been holistically investigated. The discovery of this renewable, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive bio-carbon represents a new class of conductive materials with multi-interfaces and unravels further research and development of a wide variety of new electromagnetic shielding material systems with potential commercial applications ranging from electronic devices to energy management.¿

An unabridged edition of the original article published by Century Illustrated Magazine to include, but not limited to: The Onward Movement of Man - The Energy of The Movement - The Three Ways of Increasing Human Energy - The First Problem - How to Increase the Human Mass - The Burning of Atmospheric Nitrogen - The Second Problem - How to Reduce the Force Retarding the Human Mass - The Art of Telautomatics - The Third Problem - How to Increase the Force Accelerating the Human Mass - The Harnessing of The Sun's Energy - The Source of Human Energy - The Three Ways of Drawing Energy from The Sun - Great Possibilities Offered by Iron for Increasing Human Performance - Enormous Waste in Iron Manufacture - Economical Production of Iron by A New Process - The Coming of Age of Aluminum - Doom of The Copper Industry - The Great Civilizing Potency of The New Metal - Efforts Toward Obtaining More Energy from Coal - The Electric Transmission - The Gas-Engine - The Cold-Coal Battery - Energy from The Medium - The Windmill and The Solar Engine - Motive Power from Terrestrial Heat - Electricity from Natural Sources - A Departure from Known Methods - Possibility of A "Self-Acting" Engine or Machine, Inanimate, Yet Capable, Like A Living Being, Of Deriving Energy from The Medium - The Ideal Way of Obtaining Motive Power - First Efforts to Produce the Self-Acting Engine - The Mechanical Oscillator - Work of Dewar and Linde - Liquid Air - Discovery of Unexpected Properties of The Atmosphere - Strange Experiments - Transmission of Electrical Energy Through One Wire Without Return - Transmission Through the Earth Without Any Wire - "Wireless" Telegraphy - The Secret of Tuning - Errors in The Hertzian Investigations - A Receiver of Wonderful Sensitiveness - Development of A New Principle - The Electrical Oscillator - Production of Immense Electrical Movements - The Earth Responds to Man - Interplanetary Communication Now Probable - Transmission of Electrical Energy to Any Distance Without Wires - Now Practicable - The Best Means of Increasing the Force Accelerating The Human Mass.

This book describes the history of and recent developments in cobaltite and the spin-crossover (SC) phenomena. It offers readers an overview of essential research conducted on cobaltite and introduces them to the fundamentals of condensed matter physics research.The book consists of two parts. The first part reviews SC phenomena, covering the fundamental physics of SC phenomena and basic material properties of cobaltite. The second part focuses on recent topics in SC cobaltite, including the optical and dynamical features of cobaltite, thin material fabrication, and thermoelectric properties. The comprehensive coverage and clearly structured topics will especially appeal to newcomers to the field of state-of-the-art research on cobaltite and SC physics.

This book is intended for theoretical and experimental researchers who are interested in ferroelectrics and advanced memory. After introducing readers to dielectric, perovskites, advanced memories, and ferroelectric, it explains quantum simulation. Then, using molecular orbital calculation results, it explains the ferroelectric mechanism in perovskite titanium oxides in concrete terms. Lastly, the book examines the materials designed for high-performance ferroelectrics and discusses the future of high-speed memory.

This book studies a category of mathematical objects called Hamiltonians, which are dependent on both time and momenta. The authors address the development of the distinguished geometrization on dual 1-jet spaces for time-dependent Hamiltonians, in contrast with the time-independent variant on cotangent bundles. Two parts are presented to include both geometrical theory and the applicative models: Part One: Time-dependent Hamilton Geometry and Part Two: Applications to Dynamical Systems, Economy and Theoretical Physics. The authors present 1-jet spaces and their duals as appropriate fundamental ambient mathematical spaces used to model classical and quantum field theories. In addition, the authors present dual jet Hamilton geometry as a distinct metrical approach to various interdisciplinary problems.

This volume focuses on recent developments in metallacrown chemistry. While the field was established in 1989 by Professor Vincent Pecoraro and numerous applications had been proposed, there has been a recent surge in the practical applications for this class of molecules. Written by leaders in the metallacrown chemistry field this book addresses recent developments. The single-molecule magnet properties of metallacrowns are presented along with discussions on their ability to bind DNA, as well as their potency to serve as building blocks for supramolecular structures. The volume is not only intended for those who work directly in the field of metallacrowns but it also appeals to those working in the aligned fields of metallamacrocyclic chemistry, self-assembly chemistry, and supramolecular chemistry. This dedicated volume serves as an encyclopedic reference for those wishing to gain insight into the field.

Non-collinear spin textures have attracted significant attention due to their topological nature, emergent electromagnetic properties, and potential spintronic and magnonic device applications. This book explores the physical properties of distinct spin textures in D2d compounds. The main goals of the work are (a) discovering new spin textures in D2d Heusler compounds and studying their detailed properties to enrich the field of non-collinear magnetism (b) optimizing the nano-track geometry and generating isolated and single chains of nano-objects that will establish new hallmarks for technological applications (c) studying the stability of spin textures with magnetic fields and temperatures and finding a way to observe the striking behavior of spin textures near the specimen edges. The first few chapters provide a brief overview of spin textures such as Bloch and Neel skyrmions. In the experimental methods section, the author shows how to identify the single-crystalline grains of a polycrystalline sample, how to make single-crystalline thin specimens and nano-tracks, and then provides explicit descriptions of different imaging techniques performed on a transmission electron microscope. This part will be valuable for beginners wishing to conduct research in experimental nano-magnetism and transmission electron microscope imaging. The core results of the book are presented in four chapters, describing the discovery of several new and unanticipated spin textures, namely square-shaped antiskyrmions, elliptical Bloch skyrmions, fractional antiskyrmions, fractional Bloch skyrmions and elongated (anti)skyrmions in a single D2d Heusler compound. It is shown that these textures can be understood by a combination of dipole-dipole interactions and a chiral vector exchange that makes it possible to stabilize various spin textures even in the same compound. The D2d compounds are the first non-centrosymmetric systems shown to host several co-existing non-collinear spin textures.

This book describes most recent progress in the properties, synthesis, characterization, modelling, and applications of nanomaterials and nanodevices. It begins with the review of the modelling of the structural, electronic and optical properties of low dimensional and nanoscale semiconductors, methodology of synthesis, and characterization of quantum dots and nanowires, with special attention towards Dirac materials, whose electrical conduction and sensing properties far exceed those of silicon-based materials, making them strong competitors. The contributed reviews presented in this book touch on broader issues associated with the environment, as well as energy production and storage, while highlighting important achievements in materials pertinent to the fields of biology and medicine, exhibiting an outstanding confluence of basic physical science with vital human endeavor. The subjects treated in this book are attractive to the broader readership of graduate and advanced undergraduate students in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine, as well as in electrical, chemical, biological, and mechanical engineering. Seasoned researchers and experts from the semiconductor/device industry also greatly benefit from the book's treatment of cutting-edge application studies.

A fresh look at electricity and its powerful role in life on EarthWhen we think of electricity, we likely imagine the energy humming inside our home appliances or lighting up our electronic devices-or perhaps we envision the lightning-streaked clouds of a stormy sky. But electricity is more than an external source of power, heat, or illumination. Life at its essence is nothing if not electrical.The story of how we came to understand electricity's essential role in all life is rooted in our observations of its influences on the body-influences governed by the body's central nervous system. Spark explains the science of electricity from this fresh, biological perspective. Through vivid tales of scientists and individuals-from Benjamin Franklin to Elon Musk-Timothy Jorgensen shows how our views of electricity and the nervous system evolved in tandem, and how progress in one area enabled advancements in the other. He explains how these developments have allowed us to understand-and replicate-the ways electricity enables the body's essential functions of sight, hearing, touch, and movement itself.Throughout, Jorgensen examines our fascination with electricity and how it can help or harm us. He explores a broad range of topics and events, including the Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of the electron and neuron, the history of experimentation involving electricity's effects on the body, and recent breakthroughs in the use of electricity to treat disease.Filled with gripping adventures in scientific exploration, Spark offers an indispensable look at electricity, how it works, and how it animates our lives from within and without.