Biovidenskab: generelle emner

Advances in Sustainable Applications of Microalgae discusses different mechanisms used by microalgae to treat various gaseous streams, wastewaters, and pollution bioremediation. In addition, the advantages of the application of microalgal biomass in the agricultural and food/feed sectors are presented and bioenergy from microalgae with a view to sustainability is explored. The present covers the use of microalgal cultures in various applications, such as: the treatment of gaseous streams by removing various contaminants, wastewater treatment through the removal of several pollutants, biomass valorization for agriculture purposes, bioenergy from microalgae, and industrial integration of all these processes in a biorefinery concept. Finally, the book emphasizes the importance of gathering scientific knowledge to overcome drawbacks related to microalgal production and develops the concept of biorefinery based on microalgal biomass for a more sustainable future.

Evapotranspiration in Agro-Ecosystems and Forestry: Spatio-temporal Applications presents the progress and advances made in terms of science and application of evaporation, transpiration, and evapotranspiration for various vegetation surfaces, water bodies, and bare soil under different soil and crop management (including different irrigation and tillage management) conditions. Sections on forest and wetlands evapotranspiration and grassland evaporative losses are included, as are the fundamentals of original Penman, Penman-Monteith, Shuttleworth-Wallace and ASCE-EWRI and FAO56 Penman-Monteith equations and their derivatives. The book is an excellent resource to better understand the progression and applications and dynamics of most recent evapotranspiration, evaporation and transpiration measurement and modeling technologies. Case studies will be provided in terms of how different technologies are currently deployed, how data are used for providing information and management decisions to the users.

Targeted Therapy for the Central Nervous System: Formulation, Clinical Challenges, and Regulatory Strategies presents research on various delivery methods of drugs to the central nervous system and brain. This volume examines targeted therapies for neurodegenerative disorders and succinctly outlines the future of drug delivery systems, highlighting significant advancements specifically relating to central nervous system delivery. This book will be of great interest to researchers working in the field of neuroscience and pharmacology as well as clinicians (pharmacists, radiologists, psychiatrists).

Handbook of Neurodegenerative Disorders: Mechanism, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Advances provides a comprehensive review on the current biomedical studies aimed at identifying the underlying causes of neurodegeneration. This book reviews the most recent developments in molecular and cellular processes altered during neurodegeneration. Divided into four parts, the first covers the mechanism of cell death in neurodegeneration. The second section reviews the recent progress in gene and gene products in neurodegeneration, including Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, Friedreich' s ataxia, and spinal muscular atrophy. The final sections cover the current and future diagnostic techniques of neurodegenerative disorders along with therapeutic approaches.

From Anatomy to Function of the Central Nervous System: Clinical and Neurosurgical Applications features neuroradiologic images that represent today, one of the most effective resources able to detect the anatomy of the nerve structures. Simultaneously featuring neuroimages, readers can study the functional aspects of the entire central nervous system with detailed captions that describe in detail how to use and interpret them. This book includes images of the brain dissected with the Klingler’s method and white matter fiber dissection. By integrating the anatomo-functional description with the synaptic organization of the CNS, this reference is useful for anyone who wants to understand how the activity of a nerve structure arises, describing its microstructure, neurotransmitter phenotype, and neural activity. It also features descriptions of pathologic conditions which result from neuroanatomical and/or neurofunctional alterations and includes neurosurgical aspects.

This book combines chapters emphasising mathematical, statistical, and computational modelling applied to insect populations, particularly pests or natural enemies in agricultural landscapes. There is a gap between agricultural pest experimentation and ecological theory, which requires a connection to supply models with laboratory, and field estimates and projects receiving inputs and insights from models. In addition, decision-making in entomology with respect to pest management and biological conservation of natural enemies has been supported by results obtained from different computational and mathematical approaches. This book brings contemporary issues related to optimization in spatially structured landscapes, insect movement, stability analysis, game theory, machine learning, computer vision, Bayesian modelling, as well as other frameworks.

The mammal fauna of the Brazilian Amazon is one of the most diverse on Earth with over 450 known species. Bringing together more than 70 of the world¿s top experts on Amazonian mammals, this book unites, for the first time, up-to-date data on the current state of knowledge on the ecology of all groups of non-rodent mammals in the Brazilian Amazon, analyses the effectiveness of current conservation programmes and identifies research and conservation priorities for the future.

In allen seinen Teilgebieten weist Mitteleuropa eine beachtliche natur- und kulturlandschaftliche Vielfalt auf, die unser Erleben draußen enorm bereichert. Vom Hochgebirge bis zur Küste laden äußerst unterschiedliche Lebensraum-Ensembles zur aktiven Erkundung ein. Erfahren Sie in diesem Buch u.a.·      wie die zurückliegenden Eiszeiten Gletschertore geschaffen und die Landschaft im Voralpenland modelliert haben·      wo in Norddeutschland noch vor etwa 10000 Jahren die Vereisungsgrenzen verliefen·      was entlang von Fließgewässern vom kleinen Gebirgsbach bis zum großen Strom zu beobachten ist·      weshalb auch die Stillgewässer nicht nur der großen Seenplatten äußerst erlebniswerte Lebensräume darstellen·      warum auch vom Menschen geschaffene Ersatzstandorte wie Ackersäume und Wiesen wertvolle Biotope darstellen·      was in den Nationalparkgebieten an der Nordseeküste Erlebniswertes auf Sie wartetDieses Buch bietet mit seinen sorgsam ausgewählten Fallbeispielen zwar keine enzyklopädische Komplettübersicht, aber doch eine animativ-themenreiche Anregung zum aktiveren Erleben und Wahrnehmen der besonderen Facetten unseres heimischen Ambientes. Der AutorDr. Bruno P. Kremer, Hochschullehrer i.R., befasst sich schon seit langem mit regionalkundlichen Themen insbesondere im Hinblick auf ihren Naturerlebniswert. Er ist Autor zahlreicher erfolgreicher Lehrwerke und preisgekrönter Natursachbücher, die in 15 Sprachen übersetzt wurden.

We are essentially alone in a vast, beautiful, and magnificent cosmos. The life that teems on our own blue planet, and its representatives in the fossil record, is exceptionally special. The story of planet Earth is a narrative stitched together over 4 billion years, full of major altercations and near-misses superimposed on a gradual drift of environmental change. Yet somehow life has survived. Oasis Earth is a rational enquiry into key questions about the origins, purpose, and destiny of life on Earth, using an approach by the author that is built upon a career as a leading Earth scientist and a life as a Christian believer. This approach treats both science and religion with equal respect and shows that conflict is not inevitable between Christian faith (as a guide to how to live life and relate to others) and scientific principles (with which to understand the mechanics of the physical world).

This book focuses on the various applications of microorganisms for sustainable environment and the reduction of hazardous pollutants released in various forms, including xenobiotics, e-waste, pesticides, insecticides, plastic, heavy metals, paper waste, medical waste, textile dyes, and their impact on environmental and human health. The book involves a series of research reports that explain the application of microbes used to solve real-life issues raised due to changes happening in environment, including pollution, by covering applications, including the use of bacteria, fungi, microalgae and biofilm in the detection and degradation of crude oil, pesticides, dyes, e-waste, heavy metals and other pollutants. It also focuses on integrative strategies in the application of microbial nanomaterials for remediation of pollutant. This material will help environmental scientists and microbiologists to learn about existing environmental problems and suggest novel ways to control or contain their effects by employing various treatment approaches.

As I left the canyon's bottom and climbed over its rim, I was struck by how vast and open the sagebrush steppe is. The contrast was remarkable! Whereas the canyon is a complex of visibly discrete habitats that formed a clear, interconnected mosaic within the confines of its walls, the area above the rim is an endless, indivisible expanse of Great Basin sagebrush and grasses to the horizon and beyond.With my first step above the rim, I left the enchantment of the canyon's gentle breezes to be greeted by the uplifting melody of a meadowlark-my welcoming committee for this phase of work. The creatures I'd meet in the sagebrush steppe would not be as intimately known as those in the canyon due to the seemingly boundless breadth of open, uniformly-appearing country and the limited time available for an extensive inventory.

THIS UNIQUE BOOK is the product of many years of research in many parts of Australia. For the first time, it presents an invaluable cross-section of the tracks and traces of a wide range of Australian mammals and reptiles.Everyone interested in Australian wildlife will welcome this essential and practical work, which enables quick identification of animal presence in many types of environment.The practical and easily-followed data guides the reader on animal identification by study of tracks, droppings, skeletal remains, diggings, and storage techniques.The text is amplified by a superb collection of 400 detailed photographs, showing a large range of tracks, skulls, and droppings of Australian native animals , plus a number of diagrams.A fascinating section of the book describes and illustrates the ways in which Aboriginal Australians simulate animal track with finger markings in sand or soil.(Facsimile of 1981 edition)

¿Te gustaría descubrir técnicas respaldadas por la ciencia para potenciar tu mente y vivir una vida más plena? Entonces sigue leyendo..."El cerebro es el órgano más impresionante del cuerpo humano. Pesa solo 1.4 kilogramos, pero es capaz de generar pensamientos, emociones, recuerdos y conciencia." - David EaglemanDentro de cada una de nuestras mentes hay un hábil narrador de historias. Este contador de historias puede ser una gran ayuda para que nuestros sueños se hagan realidad, o puede ser una gran fuerza desmotivadora que nos mantiene atrapados en circunstancias no deseadas.Nos cuenta historias constantemente sobre todo, y puede programarse para influirnos y animarnos a alcanzar nuestros sueños. Tenemos pleno control sobre este contador de historias una vez que tomamos conciencia de él y empezamos a tomar decisiones para disponer sólo relatos positivos y reforzarlos de forma regular. Los que consiguen hacer realidad sus sueños son maestros en el control del narrador que llevan dentro. Lo utilizan en su beneficio para comprometerse con los tipos de condiciones externas que eligen deliberadamente para sí mismos.¿Te gustaría transformar a tu beneficio ese narrador interno? Los principios clave de la neurociencia pueden aplicarse para optimizar tu bienestar emocional, mental y físico. En este libro, descubrirás: Cómo tener control sobre nuestra mente para que esta nos ayude a alcanzar nuestros objetivos.Consejos sencillos para empezar a cambiar cualquier resultado no deseado.Ejercicios para cambiar tu mentalidad y dejar de centrarte en la rutina diaria.Aprende a desbloquear la central de energía subconsciente que conlleva todo un nuevo mundo de posibilidades nuevas para ti. Y mucho más...Sabías que el cerebro humano tiene la capacidad de generar más conexiones neuronales que las estrellas que existen en nuestra galaxia. ¡Es una maravilla de la naturaleza!Estudios han demostrado que únicamente el 5% de nuestros hábitos diarios son conscientes, mientras que el restante 95% se rige por patrones inconscientes. ¡No dejes pasar la oportunidad de transformar tu vida con el conocimiento de la neurociencia! Desplaza hacia arriba ahora mismo y añade al carrito de compra.

The brain is the body¿s most vulnerable organ due to the defined roles of neurons within circuits. Neurons are vastly outnumbered by microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, macrophages, cells of the blood brain barrier and invading immune cells. These cells display different grades of reactivities and interactions. They integrate their responses and not only change phenotypes but can also completely reprogram after damage to protect the neuronal complexity. The interactions of these satellite cells in the healthy brain are described as well as their roles in all major brain diseases. Special emphasis is put on immune system ¿ brain interactions and regenerative and repair processes. The gliotic response is compared with the reactions to injuries of the skin and other organs. A final chapter addresses the definition of a cell type. It concludes that cell types can no longer be regarded as defined entities over the body¿s lifetime but are prone to phenotype plasticity and even completereprograming.

Exposure of patients to a high oxygen environment is a standard treatment in a select group of patients. The development of oxygen toxicity must be avoided in those patients. This book describes the effects of normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen treatment of animal models on brain biochemical and physiological responses. This book provides a summary of our knowledge on the effects of hyperbaric oxygenation on mitochondrial activity in vivo, and other functions of the brain. A chapter covering the use of hyperbaric hyperoxia in patients¿ brain pathology and care is also included. This is an ideal book for students, research groups, and clinicians studying hyperbaric oxygen and its connection to mitochondrial activity and brain physiological functions.

Der heutigen Naturphilosophie kommen in der Naturwissenschaft folgende drei Funktionen zu: die Herausarbeitung der grundlegenden Aussagen der wissenschaftlichen Theorien, ihre realistische Deutung innerhalb eines Weltbildes und die Bereitstellung von naturphilosophischen Leitideen zur Anregung der einzelwissenschaftlichen Forschung. Im ersten Teil des Buches wird die heutige methodologische und erkenntnistheoretische Situation der Naturwissenschaft analysiert. In Teil II werden die grundlegenden Phänomene und mathematischen Strukturen der wichtigsten physikalischen Theorie unserer Zeit, der Quantenmechanik, dargestellt und die Welt mit einem Computer verglichen, um damit die mathematischen Formalismen der theoretischen Physik semantisch zu deuten. Die mathematischen Strukturen der physikalischen Theorien besitzen danach eine wirkliche Existenzweise, insofern sie als Software in der Wirklichkeit, im Quantenvakuum, implementiert sind, und beobachtete Objekte sind Abbildungen auf dem Bildschirm bzw. auf den Bildschirmen des Weltcomputers, d.h. Projektionen in die Raumzeit. In Teil III werden aus dem Computer-Weltbild Anregungen für künftige wissenschaftliche Forschungen hergeleitet. Kernstücke bilden hierbei Überlegungen zum Leib-Seele-Problem und zum Funktionalismus der Biologie.