Teknologi: generelle emner

Energy and power are playing an increasingly pivotal role in our modern life and are transforming the way we utilize energy and the way we live. This special issue brought together the latest innovations and knowledge in energy and power engineering such as new and renewable energy, power electronics and electric motor drives, distributed generation and multi-energy systems, data analytics, and artificial intelligence.

This topic reprint "Application of Innovative Power Electronic Technologies" encompasses a diverse range of topics and discoveries that addresses the increasing global demand for energy conversion in the context of sustainable energy, electric vehicles, industrial automation, and smart grids. This reprint brought together a selection of papers that delve into new technologies and practical applications of power electronics, offering insights into the challenges and solutions faced in the design and implementation of advanced energy conversion techniques.

This Special Issue focuses on topics related to spintronic devices, such as spin-based magnetoresistive memories, multiferroic interconnects and sensors, microfluidic solenoid valves, and magnetoelectric antennas with broad practical applications.

This book features research presented and discussed during the Research & Innovation Forum (Rii Forum) 2023. As such, this book offers a unique insight into emerging topics, issues and developments pertinent to the fields of technology, innovation and education and their social impact. Papers included in this book apply inter- and multi-disciplinary approaches to query such issues as technology-enhanced teaching and learning, smart cities, information systems, cognitive computing and social networking. What brings these threads of the discussion together is the question of how advances in computer science¿which are otherwise largely incomprehensible to researchers from other fields¿can be effectively translated and capitalized on so as to make them beneficial for society as a whole. In this context, Rii Forum and Rii Forum proceedings offer an essential venue where diverse stakeholders, including academics, the think tank sector and decision-makers, can engage in a meaningful dialogue with a view to improving the applicability of advances in computer science.

This contributed volume provides a comprehensive understanding of synthetic protocols, characterization techniques, and current applications of iron oxide-based nanocomposite and nanoenzyme materials. It covers basic concepts and recent advancements in iron oxide-based nanocomposites and nanoenzymes, focusing on their synthesis, characterization, and functionalization for specific research applications. The different chapters in the book highlight key characterization techniques including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy, among others while it also explores various applications of these materials, such as adsorption of heavy metals and dyes, gas sensors, biomedical applications, photo-catalysis, and photovoltaic sensors. This book serves as a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students working in the fields of materials science, chemistry, physics, and biotechnology.

This book highlights some of the latest advances in nanotechnology and nanomaterials from leading researchers in Ukraine, Europe and beyond. It features contributions presented at the 10th International Science and Practice Conference Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials (NANO2022), which was held in hybrid format on August 25-27, 2022 at Lviv House of Scientists, and was jointly organized by the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, University of Tartu (Estonia), University of Turin (Italy), and Pierre and Marie Curie University (France). Internationally recognized experts from a wide range of universities and research institutions share their knowledge and key findings on material properties, behavior, synthesis and their applications.The book will be interesting for leading scientists, advanced undergraduate and graduate students in material and nanoscience. This book¿s companion volume also addresses topics such as nano-optics, nanoelectronics,energy storage, nanochemistryl and biomedical applications.

The 3rd edition is dedicated to the increased requirements for sustainability and picks up on the higher dynamics as a result of agile system development, which is widespread today. The application of the methods to technical systems is also extended to include socio-technical systems.The work provides a historical outline of development trends in systems engineering (SE) up to the present. Included is a systematic examination of the various models and procedural concepts of SE. Based on this, the Generic Systems Engineering (GSE) is developed, consisting of a new meta-model, which can be combined with a project management-integrated process concept in a problem-solving-oriented manner and can be permanently updated or supplemented. Eight test examples show possible fields of application of the GSE, which range from virtual product development to field data feedback into it. Furthermore, examples for the transfer of GSE to socio-technical systems, i.e. companies and companynetworks, are presented.

The fatigue of metallic materials stands as a pivotal challenge in engineering applications. Exploring the fatigue damage mechanism and fatigue life prediction of metallic materials is of paramount importance. This reprint includes articles that explore relevant topics, and they are intended for academic researchers, engineers, and students seeking a comprehensive understanding of the recent advancements in this field.

The 3rd International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering 2023 (ICAME-23) was organized on 24th August 2023 by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST). All the articles are single-blindfold reviewed. The acceptance rate of the conference was 65%. ICAME is held annually and welcame high-quality theoretical and empirical original research papers, case studies, and review papers from researchers, academicians, professionals, practitioners, and students worldwide. ICAME-23 accepted research papers in the discipline of: Experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics; Thermodynamics and heat transfer analysis; Machine and Mechanisms; Design and Solid Mechanics; Manufacturing, Production and Industrial Engineering; Engineering and Technology Management; Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering; Bioengineering; Materials and Failure Analysis; Other Related Fields. The ICAME-23 conference provided a platform for the national and international speakers/participants to present their state-of-the-art research work to diverse audiences from academia and industry. The conference proceedings are published in the Engineering Proceeding of MDPI, Switzerland. All the articles are individually indexed and are citable via Digital Object Identification (DOI).

The states of bridge structures decline over time due to various degradation processes, such as creep, corrosion, and cyclic loading. During its life cycle, a bridge also faces the great threat of multiple hazards, such as winds, earthquakes, collisions, waves, landslides, and so on. Structural damages in an existing bridge affect operational and structural safety and weaken the sustainability of bridges. Therefore, advanced damage diagnosis techniques and safety assessment methods are strongly required to ensure structural safety and achieve infrastructure sustainability. This Special Issue aims to bring together recent scientific developments in probabilistic hazard analysis, structural exposure models, damage diagnosis methods, testing and measurement techniques, dynamic behavior and protection technology, damage mechanisms, risk assessment framework, and resilience-based approaches. Since we have past one year since this Special Issue opened, thirteen papers have been published, the majority of which focus on the structural safety assessment of bridges under wind, earthquake, collision, wave, etc. The Guest Editors believe that this reprint will provide important theoretical and technical support for bridge damage diagnosis and safety assessment and promote communication and cooperation between design, construction, research, teaching, and production.

Taking into account the increasing general concern related to the necessity of reducing CO2 emissions, a very important aspect of this topic refers to the green energy sector. In this vein, the present Special Issue is focused on the area of Offshore Renewable Energy (ORE). This Special Issue contains valuable works related to ORE.

Acoustic sensors have been utilized commercially for more than 60 years. Acoustic sensing technologies have been studied extensively and the information, transmission, reception, transformation, processing, and application of acoustic signals have been developed, with acoustic sensors as the central focus. An acoustic sensor is a device that converts a sound wave signal into an electrical signal. This Special Issue on Acoustic Sensors and Their Applications presents original research covering recent advances in all aspects of the design, development, testing, and application of acoustic sensors.

The Special Issue "Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow 2022" contains scientific articles on experiments and simulations of heat transfer in compressible and incompressible fluids, including single- and two-phase flows. The articles present the current state of knowledge, solve scientific and industrial problems, and set directions for future research. The Special Issue is addressed to specialists from around the world dealing with numerical modelling and experiments on heat transfer in flowing fluids.

The vast number of recently published research papers on computational and numerical methods for solving various structural problems proves that this topic has great potential, and the further advancements that can be accomplished are still numerous.This reprint contains innovative investigations dealing with accurate, reliable, and effective numerical approaches in the field of both structural mechanics and the mechanics of materials.In particular, these studies present a numerical analysis focused on the development of finite-element or finite-element-based methods for novel problems, as well as different computational techniques involving the solution of those problems that require the development of numerical methods to obtain approximate but accurate solutions.In any circumstance, the contributing authors have emphasized the novelty of their approaches, highlighting the improvements with respect to the existing literature. Much attention has also been dedicated to the numerical investigations of advanced and innovative materials, as well as multiscale analyses, employed in many engineering fields, such as civil, mechanical, and aerospace engineering.

Biomedical sensors stand at the forefront of modern medical technologies, serving as indispensable components in diverse instruments and equipment. These sensors unravel the intricacies of biological processes and medical interventions. The recent surge in high-density sensor systems, characterized by arrangements in matrix arrays and other configurations, has ushered in a new era of functional evaluation. This spans electrophysiological activity, the metabolic responses of organs and tissues, and motor control analysis, all enriched with crucial spatial information. Functional mapping, a burgeoning approach in various biomedical techniques such as EEG, EMG, ECG, NIRS, and MEG, is proving to be transformative. Its integration enhances our comprehension of complex biological behaviors, where the precise spatial localization of sensing methodologies becomes paramount. The applications of functional mapping using biomedical sensors extend across multiple fields, including neuroscience, neuromuscular physiology, rehabilitation, and cardiology. Its utility ranges from diagnostic purposes to assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. The primary objective of this reprint was to collect papers that delineate the forefront of techniques, methods, and applications in the realm of biomedical sensors. Additionally, the focus extends to specific algorithms for data processing, ensuring a robust understanding of functional information intricately associated with spatial localization.

The Special Issue entitled "Advances in Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering" is devoted to the publication of the latest research, field works, and laboratory investigations in the area of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering. This Special Issue has published novel contributions in different areas of geotechnical and geomechanical engineering such as slope and embankment, tunneling and underground space technologies, pile and foundation, rock mechanics and rock blasting, excavation and leveling projects, ground improvement techniques, unsaturated soil, practical issues in soft soil, mining technology, geo-environmental engineering, new laboratory testing, applied geology for construction, and novel geotechnical construction methods. The focus of this reprint is on the development of computational methods for solving problems in the fields of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering.

The Special Issue entitled "Advances in Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering" is devoted to the publication of the latest research, field works, and laboratory investigations in the area of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering. This Special Issue has published novel contributions in different areas of geotechnical and geomechanical engineering such as slope and embankment, tunneling and underground space technologies, pile and foundation, rock mechanics and rock blasting, excavation and leveling projects, ground improvement techniques, unsaturated soil, practical issues in soft soil, mining technology, geo-environmental engineering, new laboratory testing, applied geology for construction, and novel geotechnical construction methods. The focus of this reprint is on the development of computational methods for solving problems in the fields of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering.

This book presents a novel method of engineering to create advanced frugal products from scratch. It outlines a frugal design and frugal manufacturing approach, and delineates concepts and principles underlying different types of frugal innovations. The contents present advanced frugal innovations (AFIs) in a variety of sectors bringing out their widespread presence in rich and emerging economies of the world. This book discusses applications of such innovations in aerospace, automotive, healthcare, particle-physics, and other important sectors, emphasizing the significant potential of frugal engineering. AFIs are not jugaad, rather, they are engineered to harness frugality with cutting-edge research using classical and modern scientific principles. Frugal engineering uses advances in science and other knowledge-areas, including 3D printing, biomimetics, artificial intelligence, Industry 4.0, and others, to frugalize pillars of engineering in modern problems. This book willbe of interest to academics, industry professionals, policymakers, product designers and developers, among others. It introduces the reader to the wonderful world of frugal engineering. In doing so, this book shines light on the significant difference that meticulous creation of these innovations through systematic application of science, engineering, and other knowledge-bases can make to the cause of sustainable development. Frugal engineering of AFIs is indispensable to achieving the sustainable development goals. We can help manage our every growing need for energy and resources effectively by going frugal in the current age of climate change.

This book describes the disability rights movement that started in the USA and its influence on the disability rights movement in Lebanon, which has led to the endorsement of the Lebanese Disability Act 220/2000. The book introduces the reader to the Lebanese Disability Act 220/ 2000, its definition of disability, and its relation to the medical and social models of disabilities and then articulate the Act articles. Then, it defines the inclusive design paradigm that acknowledges the needs of all people at each stage of their life cycle and presents the difference between inclusive design and accessibility and disability notions. Moreover, the book reviews the different international accessible design standards (American and French) that are adopted in Lebanon with the absence of a nationalized Lebanese design standard and its effect on eliminating barriers and enhancing accessibility at university buildings. Besides, the book presents students' experiences and their satisfaction with the university built environments. 6 university buildings case studies at the American University of Beirut are assessed and analysed to check whether they adopt the inclusive design approach and then propose inclusive design solutions for both heritage and modern university buildings. What makes the book unique is its combination of empirical and theoretical application of inclusive design. The last section, reflects the author¿s inclusive design teaching pedagogy. In this section, the author shares samples of students¿ class design project and provides recommendations and guidelines for teaching inclusive design so it becomes mainstream.

Agricultural production management is facing a new era of intelligence and automation. With developments in sensor technologies, the temporal, spectral, and spatial resolution from ground/air/space platforms have been notably improved. Optical sensors play an essential role in agriculture production management. Specifically, monitoring plant health, growth conditions, and insect infestation has traditionally involved extensive fieldwork. We believe that sensors, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are not simply scientific experiments but opportunities to make our agricultural production management more efficient and cost-effective, further contributing to the healthy development of natural-human systems. This reprint compiles the latest research on optical sensors and machine learning in agricultural monitoring, including related topics: Machine learning approaches for crop health, growth, and yield monitoring; Combined multisource/multi-sensor data to improve the crop parameters mapping; Crop-related growth models, artificial intelligence models, algorithms, and precision management; Farmland environmental monitoring and management; Ground, air, and space platforms application in precision agriculture; Development and application of field robotics; High-throughput field information survey; Phenological monitoring.

The shift of light body as a transitional body to an ascended form for a New Cosmic Race is described in these books. Creation Creates Itself and Embodies through Pure Conscious Light Fusion. It is a wonderful expose on how CREATION CREATES ITSELF and how the pure consciousness of Creation descends its light Essence by: descending the soul fusion strandings, scaffoldings, regenerative DNA-coding's; until all angelic new light essence senses are opened in the discoveries of life's senses natural cycles. Then One sense appears, and it is the infinitude of Love and its uniqueness for every soul's essence of creation. The multiplicity of soul weaving within diversity seems beyond imagination. This Light Transition Series is inclusive of the transition into light. This series recodes and rewrites the DNA genome. Subtle, simple, & powerful. It reformats ALL back into the natural pure light. The Divine Mother restores and keeps the creative balance to progenitor life without distorted matter. Creation is playful discovery again and again in the in the heart! Wonderful! Excellent intense purification of old codes/cosmic memories for Stargate openings into quantum crystalline density that dissolves and purifies old trapped matter patterns and lifts its density into the light of wisdom's love. No need to mediate with human or negotiate with the soul for existence, abundance, or the right to life, or even being trapped in dense matter. Reality is consciousness in awareness directly through soul's unique IAM Presence. Creation assures your equality of value without any need for justification; and assures that creation has learned to laugh, play, cry, fall, fear and love through Your unique Soul's free will; to choose from a multiplicity of diversity of experiences within Creations DNA-information life-codes. This even included the natural separation or contrast of the OTHER of ALL THAT IS and ALL THAT ISN'T, mirror reflected in pure consciousness through each soul's direct experience to master free will choice.

A high demand for metals (cobalt, copper, gold, lithium, nickel, tin, vanadium, etc.) has been recorded for the past several decades, and this demand is expected to increase even further in the coming decades as the world moves to low-carbon technologies based on renewable energy sources (RESs) and electric vehicles (EVs) and away from the heavy use of fossil fuels. To meet the high forecasted demand, unconventional sources of metals such as low-grade complex ores, seafloor massive sulfides (SMSs), and wastes (e.g., tailings, metallurgical residues, and electronic wastes (e-wastes)) have become very important sources of metals; moreover, these metals should be extracted in a sustainable manner without negatively impacting the environment. This Special Issue focused on recent advances in the sustainable production of metals from the above-mentioned unconventional sources.This reprint is a compilation of a Special Issue of Minerals, "Sustainable Production of Metals for Low-Carbon Technologies", where 13 papers contributed by experts in the area were published. Papers published in this Reprint cover a wide range of topics, including mineral processing (gravity concentration, magnetic separation, and flotation), hydrometallurgical techniques (leaching, solvent extraction, and cementation) to extract minerals/metals from primary and secondary resources. All the papers are of high scientific value and will be of great interest to readers of Minerals.

Machining continues to be a hot topic within the field of Mechanical Engineering, due to the fact that it allows for high precision and surface quality. Studies around machining remain extremely active, and there is still a strong demand for knowledge and development in this area. Sectors, such as the aeronautical industry, aerospace industry, defense industry, automotive industry and mold industry, are just some of the sectors that depend heavily on this manufacturing process to produce the components that the market requires. The industry continues to require increasingly reliable and competitive solutions, and it is up to science to study means of achieving these ends. This reprint seeks to compile a series of articles that contribute to the increasing knowledge in this area.

Inside you will learn the important lessons you need to master the basics of ethical hacking. No matter if you are a beginner or a knowledgeable it professional; this book will enhance your skills and make you the best ethical hacker you can be. When it comes to honing your talents and seeking certification, this book provides you with the information you need to take the next step. This book covers everything you need to get started and move forward with ethical hackingThis book will prepare you to reach your goals in ethical hacking and will teach you the complex information behind packets, protocols, malware, and network infrastructure. You'll learn from this security book:The type of hackersHow the process of hacking works and how attackers cover their tracesHow to install and use kali linuxThe basics of cybersecurityAll the information on malware and cyber attacksHow to scan the servers and the networkWordpress security & hackingHow to do google hackingBy the time you finish this book, you will have strong knowledge of what a professional ethical hacker goes through. You will also be able to put these practices into action. Unlike other hacking books, the lessons start right from the beginning, covering the basics of hacking and building up from there. If you have been searching for reliable, legal and ethical information on how to become a hacker, then you are at the right place.

The book offers an analysis of Joachim Jungius¿ Texturæ Contemplatio - a hitherto-unpublished manuscript written in German and Latin that deals with weaving, knitting and other textile practices, attempting to present as well various fabrics and textile techniques in a scientifical and even mathematical framework. The book aims to provide the epistemological, technical and historic framework for Jungius¿ manuscript, inspecting fabrics, weaving techniques as well as looms and other textile machines in Holy Roman Empire during the Early Modern Period. It also offers a unique investigation of the notion and metaphor of ¿texture¿ during this period, and explores, within the wider context of the ¿meeting¿ or ¿trading zones¿ thesis, the relations between artisans and natural philosophers during the 17th century. The book is of interest to historians of philosophy and mathematics, as well as historians of technology.