Affaldshåndtering og affaldsdeponering

This book highlights current challenges and developments in waste material recycling in the framework of a circular economy. The increase in the standard of living has resulted in the large consumption of several materials, mainly polymers. Therefore the problem of waste recycling, specifically polymer recycling, in an environmentally friendly way is more urgent than ever. Nowadays, more specialized recycling methods are required to manage a wide variety of wastes. Over fourteen chapters in three sections, this book addresses such topics as chemical recycling techniques, recycling of polyethylene, denim production and recycling, valorization of waste materials, urban mining, the circular economy, and much more.

Bioremediation technologies for environments contaminated by organic and inorganic pollutants are a major focus of researchers and scientists worldwide. The chemical control of agricultural pests and advocacy for sustainable agriculture have led to the development of new paradigms in environmental remediation. This book covers recent advances in the bioremediation technology of organic and inorganic pollutants in the environment.

Emerging contaminants are chemical and biological agents for which there is growing concern about their potential health and environmental effects. The threat lies in the fact that the sources, fate and toxicology of most of these compounds have not yet been studied. Emerging contaminants, therefore, include a large number of both recently discovered and well-known compounds such as rare earth elements, viruses, bacteria, nanomaterials, microplastics, pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, hormones, personal care products, cosmetics, pesticides, surfactants and industrial chemicals. Emerging contaminants have been found in many daily products, and some of them accumulate in the food chain. Correlations have been observed between aquatic pollution by emerging contaminants and discharges from wastewater treatment plants. Most actual remediation methods are not effective at removing emerging contaminants. This second volume presents comprehensive knowledge on emerging contaminants with a focus on remediation.

This volume is second part of the five-part set on bioenergy research. This book provides new insight about the latest development in bioenergy research. It presents the various bioenergy options which are further explored for practical viability, their progress and utility in the industry. The main objective of the book is to provide insights into the opportunities and required actions for the development of an economically viable bioenergy industry for practical replacement of fossil fuels. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, scientists, capacity builders and policymakers. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of environmental sciences. National and international bioenergy scientists, policy makers will also find this to be a useful read. Other four volumes of this set explore basic concepts, commercial opportunities, waste to energy and integrated solution for bioenergy concerns.

This volume is first part of the five-part set on bioenergy research. This volume covers current developments and both basic and advanced concepts in bioenergy production. Based on bioenergy road map, the book will also evaluate about the ratio existing between current challenges associated and practical implementation of these biofuels. The book complies up to-date progressive development in available bioenergy options and discusses opportunities and existing risks. The main objective of the book is to provide insights into the opportunities and required actions for the development of an economically viable bioenergy industry for practical replacement of fossil fuels. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, scientists, capacity builders and policymakers. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of environmental sciences. National and international bioenergy scientists, policy makers will also find this to be a useful read. Other four volumes of this set explore latest developments, commercial opportunities, waste to energy and integrated solution for bioenergy concerns.

Ingenieurgeochemie nutzt die Kenntnis naturlicher Prozesse der Schadstoffverteilung aus umweltgeochemischen Untersuchungen fur die Entwicklung und Erfolgskontrolle auf naturlichen Ressourcen basierender Entsorgungstechnologien. Der Schwerpunkt der darstellung liegt auf dem Verstandnis der Wirkungsweise auerer und innerer Barrierensysteme zur physikalischen Stabilisierung und chemischen Immobilisierung von Schadstoffen.Neue Beitrage zu Sickerwasserprognosen, zum Langzeitverhalten von Deponien, zur Stabilisierung von Bergbaualtlasten und zu Baggergut-Unterwasserdepots erganzen das Buch in der zweiten Auflage. Mit Beispielen aus den Projekten und Studien KORA, RUBIN, SEDYMO, SIWAP (BMBF), AquaTerra (EU), Elbe (HPA) und Rhein (POR).

Altlasten und rezente Kontaminationen durch Unfalle und menschliches Fehlverhalten stellen eine Gefahrdung der Biosphare dar. Zum Schutz von Mensch, Tier und Pflanze mussen Boden, Wasser und Luft von anorganischen und organischen Schadstoffen moglichst freigehalten werden. Fur die Sanierung von Boden stehen dabei unterschiedliche Technologien zur Verfugung. Die Vorteile einer mikrobiologischen Bodensanierung liegen in einer hohen Umweltvertraglichkeit des Verfahrens, das durch minimalen Energieeinsatz und ohne Schaffung neuer Entsorgungsprobleme die Elimination und auch Mineralisation der Schadstoffe ermoglicht.

Im vorliegenden Band werden die Belastung des Grund- und Trinkwassers sowie die Instrumente zur Erkundung und Sanierung aufgezeigt. Dabei werden die "e;Grenzwertlisten"e; diskutiert und die Problematik ihrer Ubertragbarkeit aufgezeigt. Qualitatsziele werden dargestellt und mit der Realitat konfrontiert. Ausfuhrlich werden die Rechtsgrundlagen zur Bewaltigung von Grundwasserschaden dargestellt. Anforderungen an Probenahmegerate, Grundwassermodelle und geophysikalische Methoden werden definiert, neue Techniken und Methoden vorgestellt.

As society becomes stressed by economic and population pressures, in turn, nature's renewable resources become stressed by harvesting pressures. For our own survival and euphoria, it is paramount that such resources remain as their name implies and not be driven to extinction through short term programs of over exploitation. Consideration of the harvesting of renewable resources leads to a simple question that was the theme of the workshop and is the focus of these proceedings: SUPPoRe you are assigned the role of manager for a specific renewable resource eco- system. How would you decide on harvesting policies so that the system can be exploited economically yet at the same time maintain the integrity of the system? This, of course, is a loaded question. First of all, it is not clear that there is ever anyone single decision maker who is able to set the rules for all of the harvesters in an exploited ecosystem. The political process is complicated and to some extent unpredictable. This aspect of the question is recognized to be important, but could not be addressed here. Assuming then that someone really is in charge, what would be involved in the * decision making process? As Clark points out, "e;there is no alternative but first to model the system. "e; We agree. However, if the original question was loaded, modeling is the adulterate.

Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffe (FCKW) und Chlorkohlenwasserstoffe (CKW) zerstoren mageblich die lebenserhaltende Ozonschicht und tragen in erheblichem Umfang zum Treibhauseffekt bei. Dennoch werden diese Stoffe weiterhin zur Reinigung, zur Kunststoffherstellung, als Treibgas, als Losungsmittel und zur Kalteerzeugung eingesetzt. Das Buch gibt ein ubergreifendes Bild dieser Problematik. Es werden Einzelaspekte aus der betrieblichen Praxis, wie Lagerung, Transport und Entsorgung verbrauchter Losemittel geschildert und Ersatzprodukte sowie neue Verfahren beschrieben. Auch rechtliche Aspekte werden nicht ausgespart. Das Buch wendet sich insbesondere an industrielle Anwender und an interessierte Fachleute im Bereich der Umwelttechnik.

The conference addresses general topics on how products and materials can be recycled and looks for application examples. The focus is on the areas:· Material and Energy Flow Assessment· Sustainable Mobility· Industrial Ecology with a focus on renewable energy sources or WEEE· (Re-) Manufacturing· Cascade Use and Waste Management 4.0