Dataarkitektur og logisk design

This monograph studies the logical aspects of domains as used in de- notational semantics of programming languages. Frameworks of domain logics are introduced; these serve as foundations for systematic derivations of proof systems from denotational semantics of programming languages. Any proof system so derived is guaranteed to agree with denotational se- mantics in the sense that the denotation of any program coincides with the set of assertions true of it. The study focuses on two categories for dena- tational semantics: SFP domains, and the less standard, but important, category of stable domains. The intended readership of this monograph includes researchers and graduate students interested in the relation between semantics of program- ming languages and formal means of reasoning about programs. A basic knowledge of denotational semantics, mathematical logic, general topology, and category theory is helpful for a full understanding of the material. Part I SFP Domains Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter provides a brief exposition to domain theory, denotational se- mantics, program logics, and proof systems. It discusses the importance of ideas and results on logic and topology to the understanding of the relation between denotational semantics and program logics. It also describes the motivation for the work presented by this monograph, and how that work fits into a more general program. Finally, it gives a short summary of the results of each chapter. 1. 1 Domain Theory Programming languages are languages with which to perform computa- tion.

Robust Nano-Computing focuses on various issues of robust nano-computing, defect-tolerance design for nano-technology at different design abstraction levels. It addresses both redundancy- and configuration-based methods as well as fault detecting techniques through the development of accurate computation models and tools. The contents present an insightful view of the ongoing researches on nano-electronic devices, circuits, architectures, and design methods, as well as provide promising directions for future research.

In "The gm/ID Methodology, a Sizing Tool for Low-Voltage Analog CMOS Circuits", we compare the semi-empirical to the compact model approach. Small numbers of parameters make the compact model attractive for the model paves the way towards analytic expressions unaffordable otherwise. The E.K.V model is a good candidate, but when it comes to short channel devices, compact models are either inaccurate or loose straightforwardness. Because sizing requires basically a reliable large signal representation of MOS transistors, we investigate the potential of the E.K.V model when its parameters are supposed to be bias dependent. The model-driven and semi-empirical methods are compared considering the Intrinsic Gain Stage and a few more complex circuits. A series of MATLAB files found on extras-springer.com allow redoing the tests.

This book constitutes revised selected papers of the 8th Latin American High Performance Computing Conference, CARLA 2021, held in Guadalajara, Mexico, in October 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held in a virtual mode. The 16 revised full papers and 2 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected out of 45 submissions. The papers included in this book are organized according to the topics on ¿high performance computing; high performance computing and artificial intelligence; high performance computing applications.

The Second International Conference on High-Performance Computing and Appli- tions (HPCA 2009) was a follow-up event of the successful HPCA 2004. It was held in Shanghai, a beautiful, active, and modern city in China, August 10-12, 2009. It served as a forum to present current work by researchers and software developers from around the world as well as to highlight activities in the high-performance c- puting area. It aimed to bring together research scientists, application pioneers, and software developers to discuss problems and solutions and to identify new issues in this area. This conference emphasized the development and study of novel approaches for high-performance computing, the design and analysis of high-performance - merical algorithms, and their scientific, engineering, and industrial applications. It offered the conference participants a great opportunity to exchange the latest research results, heighten international collaboration, and discuss future research ideas in HPCA. In addition to 24 invited presentations, the conference received over 300 contr- uted submissions from over ten countries and regions worldwide, about 70 of which were accepted for presentation at HPCA 2009. The conference proceedings contain some of the invited presentations and contributed submissions, and cover such research areas of interest as numerical algorithms and solutions, high-performance and grid c- puting, novel approaches to high-performance computing, massive data storage and processing, hardware acceleration, and their wide applications.

Responsive Computer Systems: Steps Towards Fault-Tolerant Real-Time Systems provides an extensive treatment of the most important issues in the design of modern Responsive Computer Systems. It lays the groundwork for a more comprehensive model that allows critical design issues to be treated in ways that more traditional disciplines of computer research have inhibited. It breaks important ground in the development of a fruitful, modern perspective on computer systems as they are currently developing and as they may be expected to develop over the next decade. Audience: An interesting and important road map to some of the most important emerging issues in computing, suitable as a secondary text for graduate level courses on responsive computer systems and as a reference for industrial practitioners.

How to determine transistor sizes and currents when the supply voltages of analog CMOS circuits do not exceed 1.2V and transistors operate in weak, moderate or strong inversion? The gm/ID methodology offers a solution provided a reference transconductance over drain current ratio is available. The reference may be the result of measurements carried out on real physical transistors or advanced models. The reference may also take advantage of a compact model. In The gm/ID Methodology, a Sizing Tool for Low-Voltage Analog CMOS Circuits, we compare the semi-empirical to the compact model approach. Small numbers of parameters make the compact model attractive for the model paves the way towards analytic expressions unaffordable otherwise. The E.K.V model is a good candidate, but when it comes to short channel devices, compact models are either inaccurate or loose straightforwardness. Because sizing requires basically a reliable large signal representation of MOS transistors, we investigate the potential of the E.K.V model when its parameters are supposed to be bias dependent. The model-driven and semi-empirical methods are compared considering the Intrinsic Gain Stage and a few more complex circuits. A series of MATLAB files found on extras-springer.com allow redoing the tests.

Welcome to the proceedings of PATMOS 2003. This was the 13th in a series of international workshops held in several locations in Europe. Over the years, PATMOS has gained recognition as one of the major European events devoted to power and timing aspects of integrated circuit and system design. Despite its signi?cant growth and development, PATMOS can still be considered as a very informal forum, featuring high-level scienti?c presentations together with open discussions and panel sessions in a free and relaxed environment. This year, PATMOS took place in Turin, Italy, organized by the Politecnico di Torino, with technical co-sponsorship from the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society and the generous support of the European Commission, as well as that of several industrial sponsors, including BullDAST, Cadence, Mentor Graphics, STMicroelectronics, and Synopsys. The objective of the PATMOS workshop is to provide a forum to discuss and investigate the emerging problems in methodologies and tools for the design of new generations of integrated circuits and systems. A major emphasis of the technical program is on speed and low-power aspects, with particular regard to modeling, characterization, design, and architectures.

This conference marked the ?rst time that the Asia-Paci?c Computer Systems Architecture Conference was held outside Australasia (i. e. Australia and New Zealand), and was, we hope, the start of what will be a regular event. The conference started in 1992 as a workshop for computer architects in Australia and subsequently developed into a full-?edged conference covering Austra- sia. Two additional major changes led to the present conference. The ?rst was a change from "e;computer architecture"e; to "e;computer systems architecture"e;, a change that recognized the importance and close relationship to computer arc- tecture of certain levels of software (e. g. operating systems and compilers) and of other areas (e. g. computer networks). The second change, which re?ected the increasing number of papers being submitted from Asia, was the replacement of "e;Australasia"e; with "e;Asia-Paci?c"e;. This year's event was therefore particularly signi?cant, in that it marked the beginning of a truly "e;Asia-Paci?c"e; conference. It is intended that in the future the conference venue will alternate between Asia and Australia/New Zealand and, although still small, we hope that in time the conference will develop into a major one that represents Asia to the same - tent as existing major computer-architecture conferences in North America and Europe represent those regions.

Embedded systems are becoming one of the major driving forces in computer science. Furthermore, it is the impact of embedded information technology that dictates the pace in most engineering domains. Nearly all technical products above a certain level of complexity are not only controlled but increasingly even dominated by their embedded computer systems. Traditionally, such embedded control systems have been implemented in a monolithic, centralized way. Recently, distributed solutions are gaining increasing importance. In this approach, the control task is carried out by a number of controllers distributed over the entire system and connected by some interconnect network, like fieldbuses. Such a distributed embedded system may consist of a few controllers up to several hundred, as in today's top-range automobiles. Distribution and parallelism in embedded systems design increase the engineering challenges and require new development methods and tools. This book is the result of the International Workshop on Distributed and Parallel Embedded Systems (DIPES'98), organized by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Working Groups 10.3 (Concurrent Systems) and 10.5 (Design and Engineering of Electronic Systems). The workshop took place in October 1998 in Schloss Eringerfeld, near Paderborn, Germany, and the resulting book reflects the most recent points of view of experts from Brazil, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and the USA. The book is organized in six chapters: `Formalisms for Embedded System Design': IP-based system design and various approaches to multi-language formalisms. `Synthesis from Synchronous/Asynchronous Specification': Synthesis techniques based on Message Sequence Charts (MSC), StateCharts, and Predicate/Transition Nets. `Partitioning and Load-Balancing': Application in simulation models and target systems.

Dependable Network Computing provides insights into various problems facing millions of global users resulting from the `internet revolution'. It covers real-time problems involving software, servers, and large-scale storage systems with adaptive fault-tolerant routing and dynamic reconfiguration techniques. Also included is material on routing protocols, QoS, and dead- and live-lock free related issues. All chapters are written by leading specialists in their respective fields. Dependable Network Computing provides useful information for scientists, researchers, and application developers building networks based on commercially off-the-shelf components.

The technique of randomization has been employed to solve numerous prob­ lems of computing both sequentially and in parallel. Examples of randomized algorithms that are asymptotically better than their deterministic counterparts in solving various fundamental problems abound. Randomized algorithms have the advantages of simplicity and better performance both in theory and often in practice. This book is a collection of articles written by renowned experts in the area of randomized parallel computing. A brief introduction to randomized algorithms In the aflalysis of algorithms, at least three different measures of performance can be used: the best case, the worst case, and the average case. Often, the average case run time of an algorithm is much smaller than the worst case. 2 For instance, the worst case run time of Hoare's quicksort is O(n ), whereas its average case run time is only O( n log n). The average case analysis is conducted with an assumption on the input space. The assumption made to arrive at the O( n log n) average run time for quicksort is that each input permutation is equally likely. Clearly, any average case analysis is only as good as how valid the assumption made on the input space is. Randomized algorithms achieve superior performances without making any assumptions on the inputs by making coin flips within the algorithm. Any analysis done of randomized algorithms will be valid for all p0:.sible inputs.

Dieser Band enthalt alle Hauptvortrage des funften Mannheimer Seminars uber Supercomputer. Das als fuhrende Veranstaltung zu dieser Thematik im deutschsprachigen Raum anerkannte Seminar versammelte wiederum Supercomputer-Anwender, -Betreiber und -Hersteller zu einem fruchtbaren Dialog und Erfahrungsaustausch. Es wurden insbesondere die neuesten Entwicklungen dieses stark innovativen Gebiets unter anwendungsbezogenen, praktischen Aspekten aufgearbeitet. Die Schwerpunkte des diesjahrigen Seminars waren: - Anwendungen in Industrie und Wissenschaft - Parallelrechner-Architekturen - Supercomputer Management. Dabei standen bei den Architekturen besonders die auf dem MIMD-Prinzip basierenden lokalen Speichersysteme von SUPRENUM, Parsytec, iP-Systems in Intel Scientific Computers im Mittelpunkt des Interesses. In einem "e;Supercomputer Manager Round Table"e; wurden aktuelle Probleme bei Planung, Beschaffung und Einsatz dieser Gerate von ausgewahlten Experten diskutiert. Die zugehorigen Positionsbeitrage sind ebenfalls in diesem Band enthalten.