Bøger af Kartheek Balapala

Incorporating indigenous language training into the medical school curriculum of university is recommended to help overcome language barriers in clinical practice.As the known language, the government also designated seven Zambian languages, namely Bemba, Kaonde, Lunda, Luvale, Lozi, Nyanja and Tonga as regional lingua francas for usage alongside English as school subjects, as form of functional literacy and public education. Indigenous populations across Africa are more likely to suffer from poor health outcomes when compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Benefits of using indigenous language programs in tribal and other settings should be considered a cost-effective way of improving outcomes in multiple domains of health care sector.

Northern Paiute is member of the Numic branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family, spoken in parts of Nevada, California, Oregon and Idaho in the USA. It is related to Mono, also known as Numu or Paviosto. Incorporating indigenous language training into the curriculum in medical school assists in overcoming various barriers of clinical practice and learning. In 2013, Washoe County, Nevada became pioneer to offer Northern Paiute classes, initiated an elective course in the language at Spanish Springs High School. Also at Reed High School in Sparks, Nevada. Indigenous populations are more likely to suffer from poor health outcomes than other ethnic groups. Indigenous language awareness programs play a critical role at rendering optimal health care services in tribal settings. On a medical scale, in order for healthcare equality efforts to be effective, the link between the Numu language and the Numu culture, as well as the relationship between the language and the earth, must be understood in clinical and physiological context.

Professionals declare to each other and the public the shared competency standards and ethical values they promise to uphold in their work and what the public and individual patients can and should expect from medical professionals. In fact, Medical professionalism is a belief system.They need to be punctual on time, objectivity in dealing with medical affairs, share the spotlight with politeness and nothing to get personal.Reflective writings are designed to help doctors with the thought process for reflection, which is critical for their professional development and appraisals. These personal stories from doctors and nurses show how reflective practice has helped them with their development.It is a way of studying our own experiences to improve the way we work. It is very handy tool for health professionals to carry on self evaluation and self analysis throughout their lives. The act of reflection is a great way to increase confidence and become a more proactive and qualified professional. It allows to recognize our own strengths and weakness. If the focus of reflection is improvement in patient care, this assists to expand and develop clinical knowledge and skills.

Overwhelming stress leads to psychological problems like depression and anxiety. The objective of the current publication was to emphasize the issues related to stress among students of various professional colleges and its association with various academic, social and health-related factors. Stress is the most prevalent and common problem faced by diverse groups of population. In the case of non academic factors, worries about the future was the main factor causing stress among students, whereas class workload was the critical contribution of stress with regard to the Academic factors. In the category of Personal factors, fi- nancial problems caused major stress to students. The influence of the hidden curriculum in a university setting ... what should happen and what happens in practice, often leads to a loss of idealism and ethical erosion.

Medical statistics is a subdiscipline of statistics that involves summarizing, collecting, presenting and interpreting data in medical practice, and utilizing them to estimate the magnitude of associations and test hypotheses. A medical statistician in an academic research unit, will invariably be part of a team responsible for generating ideas and then designing, implementing and analysing clinical studies. Quantitative research lays down the guide lines for health care decision makers with statistics--numerical data collected from measurements or observation of a phenomenon that describes the characteristics of specific population samples. Descriptive statistics emphasizes on the utility, efficacy and costs of medical goods and services. Purpose of biostatistics is to disentangle the data received and make valid inferences that used to solve problems in public health. Biostatistics is the application of statistical methods to conduct research in the areas of biology, public health, and medicine. Statistics involves mathematics + logic + judgement.

Clinical reasoning, is like clinical judgment, the process by which clinicians collect signs, process information, comprehend patient's medical situation or problem, plan and implement appropriate medical interventions, evaluate outcomes, and learn from this entire process. The practice of health professions needs critical thinking and clinical reasoning. Critical thinking is the process of intentional higher level thinking to define and understand a client's problem, examine the evidence-based practice in caring for the client, and make right choices in the delivery of care. Clinical reasoning is often not explicitly taught in the early medical school curriculum. Hence, medical students observe the process while on clinical placements with little or no understanding of the complex processes underlying it. Clinical reasoning got significant implications for patient safety. During practice placement educators need to articulate the "way of thinking¿ that facilitates the development of clinical reasoning among students. Developing skills to support the development of a medical student¿s clinical reasoning supports student learning and ensures optimal placement performance.

The quality of work done by students is assessed by the record of marks and continuous grades seen in the transcript. After completion of undergraduate degree, the student work for post graduate degree and then for a doctoral degree. This book is intended to go through some of the critical concepts of teaching and learning at medical university. Entry-level medical education programs are tertiary-level courses undertaken at a medical school. Traditionally initial medical education is divided between preclinical and clinical studies. The former consists of the basic sciences such as anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, pathology. Assessments are an essential part of university life. The responsibility of medical schools is particularly great when it comes to assessing students, because medical schools are entrusted by the public and the regulator to produce not just knowledgeable but capable and safe doctors.

Mind mapping technique assists in multiple disciplines to clarify thinking, organise thoughts and information, provide overviews of complex topics, and help build mental models and ideas with ease. This book on mind maps covers applied neurophysiological concepts as a part of general medicine for medical students. This can serve as a revision book, provide a bird's eye view of some of the critical medical concepts, and help the student organise their learning of a subject. Used for mapping, especially in corporate hospitals where medical profession is probably second only to project managers in making extensive use of information maps. This profession can be deeply committed to the use of information maps in its study programs.This is an amazing tool to put any of your ideas and concepts into color branches on the paper, so that will assist in easy memory and task achievement for future goals.

Competency based medical education (CBME) is based on the pillars of faculty development. Undergraduate, Post graduate and Continuous professional development are the three critical sectors of medical education. Robust assessment method plays a pivotal role in the determination of caliber of a competent medical professional. A change in the professional, institutional, and organizational culture encircling the training of medical professionals is an important prerequisite for implementing CBME. Medical college as an educational system deals with department goals leading to institutional goals leading to community targets which inturn are connected to sociopolitical realities. The objective of this work is to initiate new teaching strategy at medical school to overcome biases against CBME in the culture of medical education.

Paraphilia were previously known as sexual perversion and sexual deviation, is the experience of intense sexual arousal to atypical objects, situations, fantasies, behaviors, or individuals. No consensus is found globally for any precise border between unusual sexual interests and paraphilic ones. Erection problems in males (impotence) are very common, particularly in men over 40. Usually nothing to worry about, but you should see a GP if it keeps happening. Causes of erection problems include most men occasionally fail to get or keep an erection, caused by stress, tiredness, anxiety or drinking too much alcohol, and it's nothing to worry about. If it happens more often, it also be caused by physical or emotional problems. Well known history, those who have not lived under the conformity of social standards of sexuality have been tortured, ostracized, convicted and, in general, have lost their social standing. But, non-conventional sexual practices - and fetishes - are not deviant. Still there¿s a well-established tradition of judging them as if a sin. The repercussions of being societal judgmental causes the social stigmatization of people we most likely don¿t know at all.

During pregnancy, a woman¿s body changes in multiple ways under the effect of hormones like Progesterone and HCG. These changes can be uncomfortable for woman, but most of the time they are normal and enable her to nourish and protect the fetus, prepare body for labour, and develop breasts for the production of milk..This book elucidates about some of the changes that occur during pregnancy in the uterus, cervix and vagina, the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system, and urinary system. Also about changes in the breasts and skin. The implications of all these pregnancy changes are critical for a health worker managing the health of pregnant women. By understanding the normal changes of pregnancy, can reassure the woman if she is concerned, and also detect and intervene more quickly if noticed any abnormalities. A basic knowledge of these changes and adaptations is also pivotal for understanding the results of laboratory tests that may be conducted at a health facility during the pregnancy. Pregnancy is a state of well-tolerated parasitosis, as the growing fetus inside womb depends totally on mother for nutrition..

Artificial methods of reproduction have made critical social and ethical issues touching on the nature of family relationships and the value of the human embryo in the family. Artificial insemination by donor has been handled legally presuming that the mother's husband be the legal father of the child; now the technique of surrogate embryo transfer has further complicated the parenthood issue by distinguishing scientifically among the genetic mother, the gestational mother, and the rearing mother. In vitro fertilization (IVF) deals with fertilization, embryo development, and implantation, so that any women can get pregnant in a planned manner.IVF stands for in vitro fertilization, that is one of the more widely known types of assisted reproductive technology (ART). It works by using a combination of medicines and surgical procedures to help sperm fertilize an egg, and help the fertilized egg get implanted in to uterus. Depression that occurs during pregnancy, sometimes within a year after delivery is called perinatal depression. Depression is one of the chief complications during and after pregnancy.

Club drugs, such as amphetamine or MDMA, GHB and Rohypnol are illegal, unless the individual has a lawful prescription from a doctor which as coming then as medical prescribed. Some club drugs are always illegal, such as cocaine. A range of risks appear by using club drugs among youth especially. Cause disorientation and confusion just like same as Flunitrazepam, making as potential date-rape drugs. Cannot detect GHB in the body after use. It has significant and dangerous side effects at large doses of impaired breathing, coma, and death.They are frequently used at night clubs to get high feeling and energy. Drugs containing meth are very addictive. Might be mixed or cut to include meth. They act on the central nervous system to cause change of mood, awareness, and how people behave. These drugs are frequently abused by young adults at all-night dance parties, bars and dance clubs. Some of these drugs got approved for some medical uses like cannabis/marijuana in some nations. Yet as majority people are using marijuana, some regimes have approved it for treatment of severe forms of epilepsy. Even medical researchers need a special license to study it,

A mindset can be seen as incident of a person's world view or philosophy of life. People having a growth mindset, believe that these abilities can be developed and strengthened by way of commitment and hard work. Well, most important structure in body is the brain and its connections. Our human brain has got unique property of malleability- ability to increase more connections by repeat training. Einstein also had a brain of normal weight and size as other common man. But with a wider parietal lobe and bigger gyri. Students can develop a growth mindset by revision, hard work and practice because the brain can get stronger and smarter by training again. Mindset affects students learning from their mistakes and low grades in class tests. A growth mindset encourages students on step wise learning in each test taken, rather than simply performing well to get pass marks for sake of parents.Various locations in human brain are specialized for various kinds of information processing, as per the profession of people. Recent memory is by hippocampus. Long-term info processed in the parietal lobe and past events in life are stored in temporal lobe. Learning experiences shape brain & mind.

The world is a different place each day. We ask our academics and researchers for opinion on breaking news and challenging developments that are set to throw accepted educational norms into question. Often this is challenging to academic leaders to think about both sides of the argument. This book has some insights on leadership and mentoring that our lecturers and practitioners have created drawing upon expertise from their research and the industry. Mentoring is the process where an experienced person provides guidance, encouragement and support to a less experienced person. Relationship is based on consideration, commonality, camaraderie, and confidentiality. The mentee and mentor works out the details and decide how much time and energy they are willing to invest in the relationship. Medical universities address this, by formalizing the process and assigning mentors for residents and junior faculty, although it is up to the mentees to find someone they respect and trust to help them reach their objectives. Both formal and informal mentoring are effective. Many have more than 1 mentor at a time like staff physicians, peers, relatives, or family friends.