Bøger af Magdy Madany

The problem of climate change and the danger of global and regional effects have become one of the most actively discussed topics in the world. However, due to the novelty and unusual nature of the problem, it is often difficult even for ecologists to understand all its details. Unlike conventional pollutants, CO2 and other greenhouse gases do not have a direct negative impact on humans and ecosystems where they are emitted. The climatic effect is "smeared" over the entire planet. In order to turn the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions into an additional native resource - a globally convertible resource for reducing emissions, it is necessary to organize an appropriate the existing system of accounting and control of greenhouse gas emissions.

Air Pollution effects health of people living downwind. If any cost arises as a result of that pollution, that cost is usually borne by individuals that were harmed, not the emitting facility. Air pollution is regarded as one of the highest priorities in environmental protection in both developed and developing countries. This book presents the social costs estimate for the adverse human health effects resulted from ambient air pollution. It aids decision makers to set priorities in the public health relevance of pollution abatement. The book describes the measuring and valuing the impacts of air pollution on health. Estimates of the health damages associated with air pollution are important because they can provide both an impetus for environmental controls and a means of evaluating the benefits of specific pollution control policies.

Our planet has existed for 4.5 billion years. During this huge time interval, complex physical and chemical processes constantly took place on its surface, life arose, an atmosphere containing oxygen was formed, complexly organized animals and plants developed. All these changes occurred very slowly, stretching over hundreds of millions of years. But against the background of evolutionary processes, catastrophic phenomena also occurred, caused by forces hidden in the depths of the Earth or acting from outer space. To ignore the very fact of the existence and the role of such events in the history of the Earth would be the greatest mistake in our time. Man is able to prevent a catastrophe, but he can also cause it. From this it is clear that a deep and comprehensive study of natural phenomena in their complex interconnection is becoming one of the main scientific directions. To properly manage nature, we need to know it well.

Renewable energy sources are finding ever wider practical application in different countries. The total capacity of renewable energy plants operating in Europe, China, USA, India and other countries, exceeded 700 GW, which is more than 2 times more than the capacity of all nuclear power plants (350 GW), and is about 15% the total capacity of power plants in the world (4.5-5.0 TW). The progress achieved in recent decades in the development of technologies for the efficient use of renewable energy sources has led to a public understanding that without the use of solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy and other almost universally available and environmentally friendly natural renewable energy sources to ensure long-term efficient, sustainable and safe energy development of mankind will be hard.