Bøger af Naira Samer Elmasry Metwally

This research aims to study the effect of addition of different concentrations of titanium oxide on the structural properties and catalytic activity of zirconium oxide loaded with 15wt.% ammonium sulfate.Structure characterization of the catalysts and phase changes were determined using thermal analysis and X-ray techniques.A mixture of tetragonal phase and ZrTiO4 had been formed by increasing the percentage of titanium oxide adding to sulfated zirconium oxide and by increasing the calcination temperature to 750¿C.Textural properties were determined by measuring the adsorption of nitrogen at -196 ° C. The BET equation may be used to calculate the surface area of catalysts prepared, as well as, ¿s method is used as another way to calculate the surface area, and set the types of pores of these catalysts.The total surface acidity of the surfaces of prepared catalysts was determined by titration with a solution of n-butylamine in acetonitrile to determine the total acid sites. The catalytic activity of the prepared catalysts was measured by coumarin formation reaction, named (Pechmann reaction).