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This comprehensive textbook provides students with an accessible overview of both the key concepts and practical skills required to work in the field of health education and promotion.Primarily aligned with the core competencies identified by the National Health Education Commission, Inc. Areas of Responsibility and designed as ideal preparation for those taking the Certified Health Education Specialist (CHES) examination, the book offers both the theoretical foundations and practical skills required to fulfill a range of roles. From program planning and evaluation to communication and leadership, each chapter details best-practice based on the latest research, as well as case studies to show its application in multiple settings. Each chapter is also supported by discussion questions and activities to enable students to engage further with the content.This is an essential text for students taking a range of courses in health promotion, education and planning, as well as those preparing for the CHES examination.

First published in 1986, Disruptive Pupil Management presents a comprehensive overview of the disruptive behaviour in schools in the light of the Elton Report. The emphasis of this book is that a preventative approach to the problem is a more valid response than this crisis management approach which results in pupils being sent to special units. The book therefore stresses the importance of schools managing their own techniques and interpersonal skills, rather than schools importing solutions. This book is a must read for all educationists, teachers, and researchers of primary and secondary education.

First published in 1997, Bullying presents a comprehensive overview of the widespread and persistent problem of bullying which results in the anxiety and distress of many thousands of children and young people. This book is based on the premise that bullying is learned behaviour that has to be challenged wherever it occurs, be it in families, schools, or to other community contexts. It provides tested intervention and prevention programmes in a wide range of environments and institutions, concentrating not only on the behaviour of children and young people, but on the behaviour of the adults who set their models of behaviour. This book will interest teachers, parents, community, and social workers and those in the police, legal and medical professions.

Through an examination of the work of great scholars from fields including philosophy, literature, semiology, quantum physics, and anthropology, this book argues that building on the contribution of non-economists can open new areas of reflection in economics beyond the usual schools of thought. The purpose of the book is twofold. First, it offers a critique and discussion of the limits of contemporary economic discourse, both mainstream and self-styled alternative theories. The central theme on which the book is built is that the discipline of economics fails to examine the nature of social reality in a systematic way. This prompts the economist to become fully aware of the methodology on which they base their representation, analysis, and argumentation in a way that economists currently are not. Secondly, the book proposes alternative ways of thinking that can help readers of economics to overcome the current limitations of their discipline. This means going beyond various dominant dualities - orthodox/heterodox, micro/macro, epistemology/ontology - because it is not a question of doing 'the economy' differently, but of overcoming the economy as a representation of the world that strives to submit everything to its realm. Thus, the book does not simply propose a broader conceptual framework than that portrayed by mainstream economists or those who propose an alternative approach but raises questions that do not usually come from the minds of economists at all. The book will be of particular interest to readers of economic methodology and pluralism, and philosophers of science and other social scientists interested in methodological issues.

First published in 1952, The Eastern Philosophers provides a straightforward account of the life and work of the great thinkers of the East and attempts to show, in terms intelligible to the ordinary reader, with what remarkable insistence the greatest of these thinkers dwell upon common themes. It discusses themes like Babylonia and Israel; Zoroaster; Hinduism; the Buddha and Buddhism; the Hindu systems; the Chinese Sages and Mohammed and Islam. The book raises three fundamental questions -what are the basic differences between Eastern and Western thought? What does the Western World owe it to the thought of the East and vice versa? In the third place, to what extent is a rapprochement possible between the two worlds of thought? This book is an essential read for students of Philosophy in general and Eastern Philosophy in particular.

First published in 1962, Trade Union Growth, Structure and Policy starts with the long history of the textile unions and their remarkable structures and techniques. By comparing these unions to each other and to other key unions, Professor Turner explores those major problems in the development and contemporary position of trade unionism which are of public interest. He reappraises the general theory of the labour movement's evolution and is able to show that, what are essentially modern unions have existed longer than has been realized and also that 'unofficial' movements often repeat the pattern of very early unionism. A detailed comparison and contrast of modern unions reveals that they fall into a greater number of different types and are subject to a greater diversity of influences than is generally supposed both in formal government and in effective democracy. The author assesses the factors which have in the past have brought about a major change in trade unions and the likelihood of major changes in the future. This book is an important historical document for scholars and researchers of labour movement, labour economics and political economy.

First published in 1970, Facts, Words and Beliefs is concerned primarily with formulating the following question and suggesting the right way of answering it- how can a few stray images or muttered words running through our mind constitute our envisagement of situation perhaps remote in time and place from our present position? From a practical point of view the moments when we envisage the nature of some situation which we believe to exist may not be of any great importance. It would seem that our belief in the existence of such situations lies in some sort of adjustment of our behaviour to them which will be useful if the situations really exist, from the point of view of survival and comfort. The author suggests that these moments of conscious envisagement of such absent situations may be rather a sign of such successful adjustment than a factor in bringing it about, hence of no practical value in themselves. However, if knowledge has any sort of intrinsic value, it must surely lie in those moments when one does consciously envisage some aspects of the world more or less as it really is, and to try to understand the nature of these moments is to try to understand all that is of intrinsic value in knowledge. This book is a must read for scholars and researchers of philosophy.

First published in 1975, Madness and Morals presents the major preoccupations of nineteenth century society concerning insanity, its problems, and implications. In the introduction to the collection, Vieda Skultans traces developments and changes in the ideas about the insane and their treatment during the nineteenth century. She shows that two contrasting themes dominated writing on the subject: the relative weight to be attributed to physical and moral causes of insanity; and the emphasis on hereditary endowment or the 'tyranny of organization'. The eighty years covered by this book produced a wide and varied literature on insanity, and the psychiatric texts reproduced, by English writers in the field are grouped under three sections: Outlines of Insanity; Psychiatric Romanticism; and Psychiatric Darwinism. These are written by physicians, administrators of the asylums and hospitals, editors of specialist publications, and others with wide experience in the field. These writings have a special relevance to the social history of the nineteenth century, for they demonstrate how psychiatric thinking reflects the contemporary moral outlook, forming a part of the total social fabric of society. This book will be useful for scholars and researchers of mental health, psychology, and psychiatry.

First published in 1960, Interest Rates and Asset Prices presents an analysis of the determination of interest rates and asset prices with the help of few simple assumptions. The theory can be regarded either as an alternative to the liquidity preference theory or as an extension of it. Like that theory, it is aggregative and simple, but it is applicable not only to interest rates on government securities but also to yields on real assets. Furthermore, it can be formulated in terms of actually measurable variables, so that it is directly applicable to particular situations. This is demonstrated by a statistical example relating to the average yield on U.S. Government securities in the post- war period. In addition to the main analysis the author discusses the role of financial intermediaries and the structure of interest rates, and there is also a re-examination of the determinants of the transactions demand for money. This is book is an essential read for students of economics.

First published in 1971, Demand and Supply is an introduction to the economics of resource allocation, often known as micro-economics. Ralph Turvey examines how the economy really works and does not just give the economists' textbook version, which oversimplifies technology and exaggerates the importance of prices in adjusting supply and demand. Instead of offering theoretical diagrams and imaginary examples, he refrains from expounding those ideas that cannot be simply demonstrated or applied. But he includes sections on retail margins, urban land values, and the value of time - topics rarely dealt with in beginner's books. Some examples of the examples are: university teachers' pay; cotton spinning costs; pricing of tin cans; demand for farm tractors; newspaper economics; competition in the bus industry. This is the kind of economics used in practice and rests on down to earth fact finding. This book will be useful for both general readers and A- level and first year university students.

First published in 1974, The English sixth form presents a comprehensive overview of the explicit characteristics and implications of sixth-form courses in an institutional context and in relationship to other organizations. The sixth form is an institution devoted mainly to providing an academic education for students who wish to remain in school beyond leaving age. Sixth forms are not self-contained institutions; they consist of the top class or classes in secondary schools receiving pupils from age of 11 or 12, or less frequently, 13 or 14. The book discusses crucial themes like the curriculum of the sixth form; the attitudes of sixth form teachers to the curriculum; the structure of the aims and objectives; influences and constraints; and the role of the universities. This book is an essential read for scholars and researchers of secondary education, school education, and education in general.

First published in 1986, Controversies in Alcoholism and Substance Abuse presents a collection of papers dealing with various aspects of alcohol and substance abuse. It covers crucial themes like -1) the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and heroin addiction; 2) the effects of widespread cocaine use; 3) social use of marijuana; 4) early identification of and efficacy of treatment for alcoholism; and 5) the effects of social drinking during pregnancy on the fetus. This book will be of interest to scholars and researchers of addiction studies, psychology, sociology of addiction and specially those who wants to know about the advances made in the 1980s in the study of alcohol and substance abuse.

First published in 1994, Winners and Losers is based upon a two-year study carried out in Manchester. Using a wealth of research material gathered from 1000 respondents from seven ethnic minority groups, it details the social, cultural, and religious priorities of these groups, and through this, their involvement with sport and physical recreation. A major theme of the book is that all those involved in the promotion of sport and recreation facilities in whatever context should recognise that ethnic minority groups are different, and their differences need to be understood, respected and accepted. It is important for the providers and the ethnic minority groups to learn about each other and understand the motives which underlie each other's responses and recognise the limitations which define the boundaries of the possible for both sides. This book is a must read for scholars and researchers of education, and multiculturalism.

First published in 1984, British Public Schools is a collection of empirically based articles written by sociologists of education who have conducted research into public schools. Studies are presented on why parents sent their children to public schools, on the experiences of pupils and teachers, on aspirations and attitudes of pupils towards higher education, on the increasing emphasis of schools on examination successes, and on the relationships between public school education and educational and occupational successes. This book is an essential read for scholars and researchers of sociology of education and education.

This volume explores the dream cultures of the European long sixteenth century, with a focus on Italian sources, reflections and debates on the nature and value of dreams, and frameworks of interpretation. The chapters examine a variety of oneiric experiences, since distinctions such as that between dreams and visions are themselves culturally specific and variable. Several developments of the period are relevant and consequently considered, from the introduction of the printing press and the humanist rediscovery of ancient texts to the religious reforms and the cultural encounters at the time of the first globalisation. At the centre of the narrative is the exceptional case of Girolamo Cardano, heterodox physician, mathematician, astrologer, autobiographer, dreamer and key dream theorist of the epoch. Cardano produced the first printed editions of many classical and medieval treatises on the Italian peninsula, particularly between the 1560s and the 1610s, and was also especially active in the writing of texts, both Latin and vernacular, fascinated by the oneiric experience and investigating it. Given the role of the visual in dreaming, images are also analysed. This book will be a recommended reading for scholars, students and non-specialist readers of cultural history, Renaissance studies and dream cultures.

First published in 1985, Between Centre and Locality provides the detailed accounts of the relations between central and local government in Britain since 1970s. The confrontation of centre and locality has been a constant theme of political debate and legislative action since Mrs Thatcher came to power. It discusses range of policy issues including education, the police, housing, race relations and finance. In addition, theoretical chapters are included which set the empirical studies in the broader context of theories of the State and of policy making. The chapters have each been written by an acknowledged authority on the particular subject and are based upon extensive research. The book will be of interest not only to academics in a number of fields but also to politicians, officers, and civil servants in central and local government.

The Routledge Handbook of Archaeology and Plastics investigates the archaeology of the contemporary world through the lens of its most distinguishing and problematic material.Plastics are ubiquitous and have been so for nearly three generations since they became widely used in the early 1950s. Plastics will persist for millennia, their legacies as toxic heritage being felt deep into the future. In this book - comprising 32 original, at times disturbing, and critically engaged contributions - scholars from archaeology and other cognate disciplines explore plastics from a number of different angles and perspectives. Together these contributions highlight the dilemma that plastics present: their usefulness on the one hand, and the threats they present to environmental health on the other. The volume also explores the lessons that archaeologists can learn from plastics, about episodes of mass production, consumption and toxicity in the past, and also - importantly - about the future.This important and timely collection will therefore be of interest to all archaeologists irrespective of their period of study, or their geographical focus, and to students of archaeology and cultural heritage. It will also be relevant for researchers and students in other fields of study that focus on plastics and their environmental and social impacts. Ultimately, this book concerns the contemporary world and the impact of people upon it, through the archaeological lens.

Reading John Milton is a guide to Milton's writings written for students, teachers, and readers everywhere seeking to approach this major figure in English and world literature. Milton's works range from the monumental epic Paradise Lost to moving personal sonnets, from the tragic grandeur of Samson Agonistes to prose defenses of political liberty and religious tolerance. This book offers clear, fresh introductions and commentary that make an author with a reputation for difficulty relevant and accessible.Individual texts are placed in their literary and historical contexts, and explored so as to encourage fresh, independent interpretations informed by the contemporary humanities. Carefully organized for ease of use, the book opens with reasons why Milton matters, ideas for critical approaches, and a biography of Milton. Subsequent chapters are dedicated to groups of works or individual masterpieces. Key themes are placed in focus and a full overview provided for all Milton's major poems. Each chapter includes a set of stimulating questions and activities and suggestions for further reading keyed to a generous bilbiography, including online resources.Reading John Milton is both an ideal introduction and a complete companion for anyone ready to experience the sublimity and delight of reading Milton.

Music, Piety and Political Power in 17th Century Salzburg traces the role of sacred music in the service of politics at the archbishopric of Salzburg, one of many jurisdictions that made up the Holy Roman Empire in the second half of the seventeenth century.The author reveals that the use of music to present political, cultural, religious meaning was not limited to cross-confessional communities, the Imperial capital of Vienna, or other early modern metropolitan centers such as Munich and Paris.Presenting music as a powerful cultural artifact that informs our understanding of the religious and political relationships shaping the history of central Europe, this study expands our understanding of the history of music, absolutism, and Catholicism in the seventeenth century and will be of interest to scholars working in those areas.

The Routledge Companion to Migration Literature offers a comprehensive survey of an increasingly important field. It demonstrates the influence of the "age of migration" on literature and showcases the role of literature in shaping socio-political debates and creating knowledge about the migratory trajectories, lives, and experiences that have shaped the post-1989 world.The contributors examine a broad range of literary texts and critical approaches that cover the spectrum between voluntary and forced migration. In doing so, they reflect the shift in recent years from the author-centric study of migrant writing to a more inclusive conception of migration literature. The book contains sections on key terms and critical approaches in the field; important genres of migration literature; a range of forms and trajectories of migration, with a particular focus on the global South; and on migration literature's relevance in social contexts outside the academy. Its range of scholarly voices on literature from different geographical contexts and in different languages is central to its call for and contribution to a pluriversal turn in literary migration studies in future scholarship.This Companion will be of particular interest to scholars working on contemporary migration literature, and it also offers an introduction to new students and scholars from other fields.Chapter 15 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http: //www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

How Qualitative Data Analysis Happens: Moving Beyond "Themes Emerged" offers an in-depth look into how qualitative social science researchers studying a wide range of human experiences and dynamics approach their data analyses. This expanded edition includes 13 new chapters from a broad range of disciplines that document the stories about how qualitative data analysis occurred.Chapters for this expanded edition represent a diversity of disciplines (e.g., criminology, family science, education, health, nutrition, sociology, sport psychology) that focus on the human experience and describe a diversity of methodological approaches. These chapters may be used to introduce readers to newer or innovative ways of analysing data. It moves beyond the usual vague statement of "themes emerged from the data" to show readers how researchers actively and consciously arrive at their themes and conclusions, revealing the complexity and time involved in making sense of thousands of pages of interview data, multiple data sources, and diverse types of data. The various authors provide detailed narratives into how they analysed their data from previous publications. The methodologies range from arts-based research, autoethnography, community-based participatory research, ethnography, grounded theory, to narrative analysis. The volume allows readers to be seemingly "in the room" with these international scholars (representing Canada, the US, Austria, Germany, the UK, and the Philippines) and getting their own hands vicariously dirty with the data.This new edition also includes a conclusion chapter, in which the authors reflect on commonalities across the chapters. Supplemental figures, images, and screenshots, which are referred to in the chapters, are included in an accompanying eResource (that can be accessed at www.routledge.com/ 9781032183213), as well as links to the previously published work on which the chapters are based. This book is an invaluable resource for experienced and novice qualitative researchers throughout the social sciences, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students in the field.

Hispanic Marketing: The Evolution of the Latino Consumer focuses on using cultural insights to connect with Hispanic consumers. This fourth edition brings up to date the theories, concepts and practices that help readers understand Hispanic consumers and marketing communication campaigns across Hispanic segments.Written by leaders in the field of Hispanic marketing, this book uses theories of culture, acculturation, and social identification, among others, to explain Hispanic consumer reactions to products and advertising. It explores cross-cultural values and issues associated with branding, language and acculturation, and provides the consumer insights required to understand, plan for, and respond to differences between Hispanic and non-Hispanic markets and across segmentation. Each chapter includes real-life case studies and distils the key implications for marketers, to ensure students grasp the essential concepts. This fourth edition includes: The introduction of marketing theories that have developed through studies on new and current topics in Hispanic consumer behavior; New topics such as bilingualism, artificial intelligence, cause-related marketing, boycotting behavior and influencer marketing; 28 all-new case studies; Updated figures and tables, including examples of advertisements and conceptual models; Instructor material including an instructor manual, slide pack and a test bank. This is important reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students studying Hispanic marketing and consumer behaviour specifically, as well as those interested in cross-cultural consumer behaviour and multicultural marketing. Support materials for this book are available at www.routledge.com/9781032137742.

Cinema and Surveillance: The Asymmetric Gaze shows how key modern filmmakers challenge and disturb the relation between film and surveillance, medium and message. Assembling readings of films by Harun Farocki, Michael Haneke, and Fritz Lang, the book considers surveillance in such different domains as urban life, religious doctrine, and law enforcement. With surveillance present in the modern world as both a technological phenomenon and a social practice, the author shows how cinema, as a visual medium, presents highly sophisticated analyses of surveillance. He suggests that "surveillance" is less an issue to be tackled from a secure spectatorial position than an experience to be rendered, an event to be dealt with. Far from offering a general model of spectatorship, the book explores how narrative moments of surveillance are complicated by specific spectatorial responses.In its intersection of well-known figures and a highly topical issue, this book will have broad appeal, especially, but not exclusively, among students and scholars in film studies, media studies, German studies, European studies, art history, and political theory.

To what extent can an animal constitute a 'juridical species'? This highly original book considers how animals have been integral to law and to legal thinking.Going beyond the traditional approaches to animal rights and the question of whether non-human animals may be considered legal 'subjects', this book follows two types of animal - bears and bees - and asks what existence these species have maintained in juridical thought. Uncovering surprising roles that the animals play in the imagination of and solution to jurisprudential problems, the book offers a counter-argument to the view that juridical thought reduces one's appreciation for the singularity and independence of their lives. It shows, rather, that the animals exert a remarkable influence on the creative dimensions of law, offering a liveliness to it that is worthy of close attention.Contributing to new directions at the intersection of jurisprudence and human-animal studies, this book will appeal to those with interests in either of these areas.

This book is a short introduction to Witold Gombrowicz's life and work as one of the most prominent figures in twentieth-century literature and theatre, providing intertextual perspectives that allow readers to analyze his short stories, plays, and novels in broad contexts.Gombrowicz (1904-1969) was a writer and philosopher whose experimental literary works belong to the stream of European existentialism and simultaneously mark the birth of postmodernism. In Gombrowicz's grotesque universe, there is no separation between literature, biography, sexuality, and philosophy. His novels, including Ferdydurke, Trans-Atlantyk, and Pornography, contain autobiographical elements, whereas in his renowned Diary, daily life becomes an object of sophisticated philosophical reflection that links introspection with humor and a gift for observation.Gombrowicz: An Introduction is an approachable guide for students and instructors of Slavic literature and culture, comparative literature, philosophy, and theatre studies.

Applied Urban Design combines 'why' we design and 'who' we design for, with 'how' we design, by providing the reader with a comprehensive and accessible bespoke framework for both understanding and practicing urban design in a contextually responsive manner from appraisal to design delivery. The framework is presented across four distinct steps, covering analysis at strategic and local scales; the urban design program; design development; and technical design. The authors unpack the functional blueprints, liveable qualities, contextual dynamics, and technical components of quality urban design, identifying the role of urban designers in shaping spaces and places across differing local contexts through a responsive and multiscalar approach. International best practice examples and two original 'live' case studies in Aalborg, Denmark and Manchester, UK demonstrate the application of the framework across differing scales and contexts - each supported by authors own images and graphics that illustrate the broad range of urban design visualisation techniques and methods.Visually compelling and insightful, Applied Urban Design is for all who seek to understand, demand, and create people-centred, high-quality, contextually responsive places and spaces.

This timely text provides a comprehensive overview of the research methods used by the Generative Second Language Acquisition framework.The authors lay out the history and state of the art in the field, explain the theoretical underpinnings of this work, and offer practical hands-on guidance for developing, conducting, and understanding studies related to L2 grammatical competence - using a rich array of techniques and advancing key insights on the rationale and circumstantial pros and cons, of each method.With useful features in a consistent chapter structure, including diverse case studies and discussion questions, the book will be an invaluable resource to students and researchers of SLA, applied linguistics, theoretical linguistics, education, and related areas.

This is a concise survey of new play projects that bring together the worlds of science and performance, and the benefits that dramaturgical praxis can bring to both disciplines.Three approaches common to both performance and science - collaboration, experimentation, and interpretation - are reflected in a series of case studies that demonstrate the ways in which dramaturgical tools can inform the wider public about scientific knowledge and practice, provide a truly reciprocal model of co-operation in collaboration that happens early on in the research process, and inspire the creation of new dramatic forms that enact, rather than translate, the dynamics of scientific research.Part of the Routledge Focus on Dramaturgy series, this is a vital account of collaborative work for scholars and practitioners of theatre and performance, as well as readers across the sciences.

This book explores the conceptual, historical, and ethical issues of information conflict to present a detailed analysis of cognitive warfare.Is it possible for liberal democracies to deliberately use information on civilian populations to impact political and social institutions? While information conflict has been a part of political conflict, warfare, and international relations for as long as there has been political competition, given that our modern political and social lives are saturated by information, we are now faced with a pressing set of reasons to understand cognitive warfare, and to place it in a wider historical and technological context. This book identifies a series of conceptual and ethical challenges facing liberal democracies around modern information conflict. Drawing from historical practices, it suggests that two values - human dignity and political autonomy - can explain why some acts of cognitive warfare might be judged to be good, while other acts are judged to be bad.This book will be of much interest to students and researchers of intelligence studies, ethics, security studies, and International Relations.

Orchestrating Warfighting provides a detailed and wide-ranging examination of the employment of corps and divisions from the First World War through to the early twenty-first century.Division and corps formations have been at the forefront of the British Army's prosecution of war since 1914. They constituted the major command and organisational elements that underpinned the conduct of large-scale warfighting on land. Divisions and corps were of central importance to the conduct of the First and Second World Wars, the maintenance of a conventional deterrence posture during the Cold War, and were also employed in major confrontations since 1945, including the Korean War and two Gulf Wars. The British Army of the early twenty-first century still retains two divisional formations alongside the British-led Allied Rapid Reaction Corps within NATO.Orchestrating Warfighting examines British, Dominion, and imperial corps and divisions, taking part in the total wars of the first half of the twentieth century and smaller scale conflicts since 1945. It throws new light on questions of command, generalship, and the management of battles and campaigns across a diverse range of theatres. Orchestrating Warfighting is of interest to historians of the British Army, operational military history, and modern war.