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For the first time seasonality is placed at the centre of the study of rural settlement. Using a Europe-wide approach, it provides a primer of examples, of techniques and of ideas for the identification and understanding of seasonal settlement. As such, it marks an important new step in the interpretation of the use of the countryside by historic communities linked to the annual passage of the year. The particular studies are introduced by an opening essay which draws wider conclusions about the study of seasonal settlement, followed by 31 papers by authors from all parts of Europe and beyond.By its very nature ephemeral, seasonal settlement in the medieval and early modern periods is less well researched than permanent settlement. It is often presumed that seasonal settlement is the result of transhumance, but it was only one facet of seasonal settlement. It was also necessitated by other forms of economic activity, such as fishing, charcoal-burning, or iron-smelting, including settlements of pastoralists such as nomads, drovers, herders as well as labourers¿ huts within the farming context. The season a settlement was occupied varied from one activity to another and from one place to another ¿ summer is good for grazing in many mountainous areas, but winter proved best for some industrial processes. While upland and mountainous settlements built of stone are easily recognised, those that use wood and more perishable materials are less obvious. Despite this, the settlements of nomadic pastoralists in both tundra and desert or of fishermen in the Baltic region are nonetheless identifiable. Yet for all that definitive recognition of seasonal settlement is rarely possible on archaeological grounds alone. Although material remains can be of particular importance, generally it is the combination of documentary information, ethnography, geographical context and palaeo-environmental data that provide frameworks for interpreting seasonal settlements.
If you want to understand ancient Egypt, the Nile Delta is of key importance. Excavations and surveys in the Delta keep unearthing new information about how the ancient Egyptians lived, how they envisaged the afterlife and how they interacted with other cultures. The study of finds from the Delta gives us a glimpse into the beliefs and everyday life of the ancient Egyptians.From 1979 to 2014 Willem van Haarlem worked on several archaeological sites in the Nile Delta, focusing on the excavations at Tell Ibrahim Awad in the eastern Delta from 1991 onward. At the same time he was curator of Egyptian Antiquities at the Allard Pierson, the heritage collections of the University of Amsterdam. On the occasion of his retirement a number of archaeologists, Egyptologists and museum curators have written a series of short studies in his honour, varying from current excavation results from Delta sites to new or renewed research into museum objects from this region. This book offers a rich palette of subjects to scholars interested in Delta archaeology and above all provides hitherto unpublished materials from excavations and museum depots that will inspire the next generation of Nile Delta scholars.ContentsPreface and acknowledgementsWim Hupperetz and Ben van den BerckenBibliography Willem M. van HaarlemTabula gratulatoriaWillem van Haarlem, an appreciationManfred BietakTell el-Iswid. A predynastic settlement in the eastern DeltaBéatrix Midant-Reynes and Nathalie Buchez¿A curious feature was the presence of several ivory or bone rods.¿ Ancient Mikado or something very different?Vincent BoeleAn unusual ripple-flaked knife from Cemetery U at Abydos/Umm el-QaabThomas HikadeForgotten Excavations, part¿IV. The first excavation season at Kufur Nigm/Ezbet el-Tell (1961)Aiman Ashmawy AliButo: towards a further investigation of the Old Kingdom?Clara Jeuthe and Rita HartmannFour notes on Tia and IurudefJacobus van DijkWorked mollusc remains from Qantir/PiramesseChiori KitagawaAn (un-)usual cooking pot from Qantir/PiramesseHenning FranzmeierDiversity in the Delta. Egyptian portraits of Persians in the Allard Pierson collectionGeralda Jurriaans-Helle and Laurien de GelderOnce again about the term nwGalina A. BelovaA glass ba bird in the Allard PiersonRené van BeekNeilos and EutheniaRobert Lunsingh ScheurleerA Ptolemaic king as Egyptian pharaohBranko F. van Oppen de RuiterRe-excavating Gheytäs Roman-period cemetery. Some preliminary results on the recontextualisation of excavated artefactsBen van den Bercken
The first technical study on ikat of the Timor region.
The Netherlands are internationally renowned for the archaeology of its wetland environments. The reclamation of the Flevoland Polders in the early half of the 20th century not only exposed hundreds of shipwrecks, but also remnants of prehistoric landscapes and traces of human occupation dating to Mesolithic and Neolithic times. Ultimately, this led to the ¿discovery¿ of the Swifterbant Culture in the 1960s-1970s, and which was initially seen as a Dutch equivalent of the Ertebølle Culture.Archaeological investigations conducted by the University of Groningen, and later also the University of Amsterdam, delivered important new data on the nature of the Swifterbant Culture. It became key in the discussion about the adoption of crop cultivation and animal husbandry by hunter-gatherers living in wetland environments. Also, the Swifterbant Culture became central in the debate on the meaning of archaeologically defined ¿cultures¿, questioning relationships between social interaction and material culture. With the increase of urbanisation and infrastructural works, alongside changes in the Dutch Monuments Act, dozens of small and large-scale development-led investigations got initiated at the turn of the century.One project involved the construction of the Hanzelijn railway, crossing one of the polders from West to East. Archaeologists became aware that much of what was known ¿ and unknown ¿ about the prehistoric past of the Flevoland Polders, was not easily accessible. It was therefore decided to bring together, as much as possible, all the information from the many scattered sources, and make it accessible to professionals, both inside and outside the Netherlands. The result is this book, which presents an overview of the most important sites and data, and what these learn us about the nature of the archaeological record, landscape change, prehistoric subsistence, ritual behaviour, as well as socio-cultural developments during the Mesolithic and Neolithic.Previously considered an impossibility, ¿fossilised¿ fields, discovered at Swifterbant, demonstrate crop cultivation in wetland environments in an early stage of the Neolithic. In fact, the prehistory of the Flevoland Polders is tightly connected to the dynamic nature of the extended wetlands that characterised the landscape since the end of the last glacial. Although often regarded as the ¿margin¿ of cultural dynamics in the past, we can now see that the Flevoland Polders were right in the centre of fundamental long-term changes in human existence in NW Europe.ContentsChapter 1 Introduction of the Hanzelijn Archaeological Project (K. E. Waugh (¿), W. Hessing and J. Flamman)Chapter 2 The cradle of the Swifterbant culture: 50 years of archaeological investigations in the province of Flevoland (D.C.M Raemaekers and J.H.M. Peeters)Chapter 3 Hidden landscapes: mapping and evaluating deeply buried remains of human activity (J.H.M. Peeters and B.I. Smit)Chapter 4 Exploiting a changing landscape: subsistence, habitation and skills (J.H.M. Peeters, T. ten Anscher, L.I. Kooistra, L. Kubiak-Martens and J. Zeiler)Chapter 5 People, ritual and meaning (D.C.M Raemaekers)Chapter 6 From land to water: geomorphological, hydrological and ecological developments in Flevoland from the Late Glacial to the end of the Subboreal (L.I. Kooistra and J.H.M. Peeters )Chapter 7 Transformations in a forager and farmer landscape: a cultural biography of prehistoric Flevoland (J.H.M. Peeters, L.I. Kooistra and D.C.M. Raemaekers)Site Atlas: Windows of observation: the quality, nature and context of excavated sites in Flevoland (T.Hamburg and B.I. Smit)Bibliography
Unravelling the logic behind the puzzling practice of selective metalwork deposition in the European Bronze Age.
This book explores the interaction between animals, plants, and humans in ancient Egypt. It draws together different aspects of the bioarchaeology of Egypt: flora, fauna, and human remains. These come from sites throughout the country from Alexandria to Aswan, as well as material from museum basements.The material presented here includes the results of new and previously unpublished excavations in the Delta and Thebes, in-depth studies of different species of animal mummies, an analysis of animal cults, tentative identifications of wild dogs in Egyptian art, a variety of diseases from which the ancient Egyptians suffered, studies on human remains using traditional as well as state-of-the-art technologies, and the different foods that formed the diet of the ancient Egyptians.The studies blend traditional methodologies, often deployed in novel ways, such as examining the pelage of lions, as well as new 3D technologies used in the analyses of bioarchaeological material. The results of these studies deepen our knowledge of ancient Egypt, its inhabitants, and their interaction with their environment.The present volume is the proceedings of the Conference on the Bioarchaeology of Ancient Egypt and the Second International Symposium on Animals in Ancient Egypt (Cairo, 2019).
Explore the complex and creative interplay between video games and humanity's past.
Explore the complex and creative interplay between video games and humanity's past.
Edited volume exploring museum objects from South Sudan and post-conflict heritage.
This book explores the cost, expressed in labour, of constructing fortifications during the Late Bronze Age in Greece (ca. This study, therefore, provides insights into building processes, the impact of material and building styles on construction costs as well as the large varieties that exist within a context collectively known as 'Mycenaean'.
Edited volume exploring museum objects from South Sudan and post-conflict heritage.
Dorestad was the largest town of the Low Countries in the Carolingian era. As a riverine emporium on the northern edge of the Frankish Empire, it functioned as a European junction, connecting the Viking world with the Continent. In 2019, the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden hosted its quinquennial international congress based around Dorestad, located at present-day Wijk bij Duurstede. This third edition, ¿Dorestad and its Networks¿, coincided with the fiftieth birthday of finding the famous Dorestad brooch in July 1969, and with what would have been the hundredth birthday of prof.dr. Ina Isings, to whom a special session on early-medieval glass was dedicated.The Third Dorestad Congress brought together scholars from the North Sea area to debate Dorestad and its counterparts in Scandinavia, the British Isles and the Rhineland, as well as the material culture, urbanisation and infrastructure of the Early Middle Ages. The contributions in these proceedings are devoted to new research into the Vikings at Dorestad, assemblages of jewellery, playing pieces and weaponry from the town, recent excavations at other Carolingian sites in the Low Countries, and the use and trade of glassware and broadswords in this era. They show the political, economic and cultural networks of Dorestad, the only town to be called ¿vicus famosus¿ in contemporary sources.ContentsDorestad and its Networks: An IntroductionAnnemarieke WillemsenVikings and Luxury at DorestadViking Dorestad: A Haven for Hydrarchy?Christian CooijmansVikings beyond Dorestad: Rethinking some metal finds in, around and after the emporiumNelleke IJssennagger ¿ van der PluijmTrading Games? Playing with/without the Vikings in DorestadMark A. HallA new gold ring from Dorestad?Channa Cohen Stuart and Annemarieke WillemsenBeads from DorestadMette LangbroekMixed Emotions: The swords from DorestadAnnemarieke WillemsenThe Medieval NetherlandsA Carolingian coin hoard from Wirdum (Friesland, the Netherlands) and the Dorestad mintSimon CouplandTimber! Opening up the landscape of Carolingian LeiderdorpMenno DijkstraCharlemagne¿s palace at Nijmegen: Some thoughts on the economic implications of itinerant kingshipArjan den BravenBeyond the planned/unplanned dichotomy: The development of the town plan of Utrecht until c.1560Marcel IJsselstijnCommerce and ConflictProduction of early medieval glass in Cologne and its export via DorestadMichael Dodt, Andreas Kronz and Klaus SimonGlass vessels from the early medieval emporium at IpswichRose BroadleyNon-funerary sword depositions in Carolingian EuropeDüan MaczekForm follows function: Reconstructing the use of Viking age swordsIngo Petri
A collection of papers from leading scholars in Environmental Humanities on interdisciplinarity and climate change in landscape archaeology.
A collection of papers from leading scholars in Environmental Humanities on interdisciplinarity and climate change in landscape archaeology.
Traditional archaeological views often emphasize the importance of warriors and their weapons, this book presents an approach showing jewellery and vessels can carry the same importance.
This study of terracotta votive figurines from Akragas (Agrigento, Sicily) dating from the end of the sixth to the beginning of the fifth century BCE aims to investigate and explain their production, use and meaning as votives and grave goods.
This work examines social inequalities in a diachronic and multivariate approach based on burial grounds in Southwestern Germany.
An interdisciplinary volume on the emperor Domitian which re-evaluates his importance within Roman history and his reception thereafter.
An interdisciplinary volume on the emperor Domitian which re-evaluates his importance within Roman history and his reception thereafter.
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