Institutionalized Attachment Coping And Emotion Regulation As Predictors Of Emotional And Behavioral Problems Among Adolescents - Mishra Shefali - Bog

INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE Emotional and behavior problems among adolescents are increasing all over the world at a rapid rate (Polaha, Dalton, & Allen, 2011). This worldwide trend is observed in India as well (Agarwal, 2018). Earlier, adolescents were limited to petty offences and were not often engaged in violation of law but nowadays they are committing heinous crime. According to data released by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB, 2016), juvenile crimes registered under the Indian Penal Code (IPC) found to be 35,849 cases. Specifically, Delhi metropolitan city reported 1969 cases in 2014 which rose to 2499 cases in 2016. The most famous "Nirbhaya case" of 16 December 2012, the Delhi gangrape of a 23-year-old physiotherapy student who later died was committed by juvenile only. The Juvenile Justice Board (Delhi, India) agreed the juvenile convict in this case was the most brutal. Recently, a 16 year old juvenile murdered a 7-year -old child in school premises because he wanted to postpone the parent teacher meeting. A particular group who is at risk of developing emotional and behavioral problems seems to be adolescents because adolescence is a peak age of emergence for various emotional and behavioral problems (Paus, Keshavan, & Giedd, 2008). Additionally, it has been considered as "Stress and Storm" by Stanley Hall (1904) who first coined this term. Adolescence has been defined as a transition phase from childhood to adulthood which involves multidimensional process such as biological, cognitive, social and emotional changes (Crone, & Dahl, 2012; Steinberg, & Morris, 2001). Due to such changes, adolescents are more at risk of developing emotional and behavioral problems. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, depression, anxiety disorder, somatic symptom disorder are most prevalent during adolescence. Most emotional and behavioral problems emerge during childhood or adolescence and face repercussions in normal functioning such as academic, social or other important areas of functioning and tend to continue into adulthood (Hofstra, Van Der Ende, & Verhulst, 2001). A large body of research has focused on the family environment which is very crucial for the development during childhood and adolescence (Sigelman, & Rider, 2009),