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In AD 49, Paul traveled to Thessalonica, to preach the gospel. A small group of manual laborers responded positively to his message, resulting in the formation of a church. This work describes the social, cultural, religious, and philosophical contexts in which the Thessalonians lived, enabling us to understand Paul's missives.

Offers a discussion of the first-century context of Paul's second letter to the Corinthians. This volume helps the general audience understand what "II Corinthians" says and means.

Covering the "Gospel According to Luke", the author brings to the task his mastery of ancient and modern languages, his encyclopedic knowledge of the sources, and his intimate acquaintance with the questions and issues raised by the third "Synoptic Gospel". It helps Christians hear the Good News afresh and understand it.

"Matthew" is the most familiar of the gospels, best known for its parables, miracle narratives, and the long Sermon on the Mount. This commentary sets the understanding of "Matthew" in the context of its author's own religious and secular background.

Were Jonah's experiences true to the history of ancient Israel? Were they meant to be read comically, philosophically, allegorically, symbolically, or realistically? And is God godly when acting beyond the comprehension of prophets, let alone ordinary human beings? This volume considers these and many more other issues.

Includes an introduction; translation; notes; and illustrations of the book "Hosea".

Written as resistance literature, to strengthen and console loyal Jews of the second century BC who had to endure religious, economic, and social oppression at the hands of Antiochus I. This book includes the famous incident of 'the handwriting on the wall' and recounts the four vivid dream-visions or apocalypses which, through symbols and signs.

Presents a commentary on the Scripture attributed to the third major Old Testament prophet, Moshe Greenberg. This book uses prose to explain Ezekiel's ecstatic, erratic, almost incomprehensible otherworldly visions and prophecies.

From his boyhood call to prophecy in 627 bce, which Jeremiah tried to refuse, to his scathing judgments against the sins and hypocrisy of the people of Israel, Jeremiah charged through life with passion and emotion. This book investigates the opening twenty chapters of this Old Testament giant.

In the wake of Persia replacing Babylon as the ruling empire in the ancient Near East, the Judahites exiled in Babylon find reason to hope again. Their hope is rooted in the fulfillment of the prophetic promises that they would one day return to their homeland. This book presents the story of Israel's experience begun in the biblical books.

Offers descriptions of the people, places, customs, and noteworthy features of the language of "I Samuel".

"Esther", the biblical book named after the beautiful Jewish woman chosen by the Persian King Xerxes to be queen, is a story of love, political intrigue, and religious faithfulness. This volume offers a treatment of scholarly issues and provides an explanation of the popular Jewish festival of Purim.

"Lamentations" is traditionally thought to have been written by the prophet Jeremiah. This volume gives evidence against Jeremiah's authorship and suggests that the poems should be treated as an intelligible unity, most likely written by an eyewitness to the events described.

"The Book of Numbers" is an account of how the Israelites wandered in the wilderness after receiving the Ten Commandments of Mount Sinai. This volume unravels the complexity and confusing details in this Old Testament book.

"Exodus" is the heart of the Hebrew Bible, the defining moment in Israel's birth as a people, the dramatic triumph of their God. This volume offers an exploration and analysis of the book's first eighteen chapters.

"The Letter to Titus", one of the three "Pastoral Epistles" of the New Testament, has become the ground of intense controversy - theologically, sociologically, even politically. This volume guides readers through the shoals of contemporary controversy among scholars, dealing definitively with issues of authorship, and the purpose of the Pastorals.

Exploring explications of "Ephesians", this book concludes that it was intended for Gentile Christians converted after Paul's visits to Ephesus. It reexamines the relationship between Israel and the church, discounting the thesis that "Ephesians" suggests an "early Catholic," or high-ecclesiastic or sacramental doctrine.

Re-creates the turbulent age of the birth of Christianity and examines the myriad "outside" influences - from cold, rational Hellenistic philosophy to exclusive, ethereal Gnostic thought - that often threatened the evolution of Christian theology.

Traverses the shoals of legal thought and liturgical practice in ancient Israel. The author explains the role of the Tabernacle of the Wilderness as the all-important center of Israelite worship, the locus of the priestly orders, and practices of purity to which the congregation repaired for penitence and reconciliation, restoration and renewal.

Discusses the major Johannine questions - of authorship, composition, dating, the relationship of John to the Synoptics. This volume analyzes, in the appendixes, the meaning, use, and frequency of certain key words and phrases that occur in "John", and examines the differences between the Johannine and Synoptic treatments of the miracle stories.

Offers a chronicle of the raging conflicts that tore the United Kingdom of Israel apart, creating the rival nations of Israel to the north and Judah to the south. This volume tells of the time of the great prophecies of Elijah and Elisha, and of the legendary conquerors of not only the Jews, but the whole of the Middle East.

Ezekiel's prophecies and visions transport us to almost indescribable realms, completely uncharted territory this side of heaven. This book exhibits the characteristic care and special sensitivity of a world-renowned scholar.

Presents a commentary on the biblical book of Psalms. This book offers translation of the most beloved collection of poetry in Judeo-Christian sacred Scriptures. It interprets Hebrew poetry in light of rich linguistic and cultural evidence.

Offers a comprehensive study of the Epistles of "2 Peter" and "Jude", which provides a glimpse into the turbulent life of the early Christian communities. This volume offers a commentary that takes readers inside groups located at the very edges of Christianity, in contact with the wider Roman world and Greek culture of the day.

Captures the ominous, yet hopeful spirit of Joel's prophecy. This volume offers insights into how Joel's words relate to the modern world.

Informed by the literature and language of the ancient Near East, this commentary to Chapters 1 to 12 of the biblical Book of Judges provides a literary and theological analysis of some of Scripture's most stirring narratives and verses. It also includes a comprehensive introduction that surveys issues and approaches in the study of Judges.

Offers an introduction to the background, text, and context of the book of "Acts", as well as chapter-by-chapter notes and comments in which are provided insights and answers to questions that have long plagued preachers and parishioners, teachers and students.

Distilled over centuries, the biblical book of "Ecclesiastes" offers us the time-tested advice of Israel's sages. This book offers an interpretation of this collection of ancient wisdom.

Reinvigorates the basic laws of society with their life-giving power: the Shema and the Great Commandment.