Bøger i Fundamental Theories of Physics serien

This book provides the first unified overview of the burgeoning research area at the interface between Quantum Foundations and Quantum Information.  Topics include: operational alternatives to quantum theory, information-theoretic reconstructions of the quantum formalism, mathematical frameworks for operational theories, and device-independent features of the set of quantum correlations.Powered by the injection of fresh ideas from the field of Quantum Information and Computation, the foundations of Quantum Mechanics are in the midst of a renaissance. The last two decades have seen an explosion of new results and research directions, attracting broad interest in the scientific community. The variety and number of different approaches, however, makes it challenging for a newcomer to obtain a big picture of the field and of its high-level goals. Here, fourteen original contributions from leading experts in the field cover some of the most promising research directions that have emerged in the new wave of quantum foundations. The book is directed at researchers in physics, computer science, and mathematics and would be appropriate as the basis of a graduate course in Quantum Foundations.

This book provides a captivating journey through the realms of classical and quantum systems as it unravels the profound influence that noise may have on their static and dynamic properties. The first part of the book offers succinct yet enlightening discussions on foundational topics related to noise. The second part focuses on a variety of applications, where a diverse spectrum of noise effects in physical systems comes to life, meticulously presented and thoughtfully analyzed. Whether you are a curious student or a dedicated researcher, this book is your key to gaining invaluable insights into noise effects in physical systems. ¿The book has the merit of presenting several topics scattered in the literature and could become a very useful reference.¿ Giovanni Jona-Lasinio, Sapienza ¿ Università di Roma, Italy

Blending together elements from open quantum systems, statistical mechanics, quantum many-body physics, and quantum information theory, it pinpoints thermodynamic advantages and barriers emerging from genuinely quantum properties such as quantum coherence and correlations.

In this volume, leading scientists offer a multifaceted approach to mass by giving a concise and introductory presentation into their particular research on gravity. The main theme is mass and its motion within general relativity and other theories of gravity.

In this monograph, we shall present a new mathematical formulation of quantum theory, clarify a number of discrepancies within the prior formulation of quantum theory, give new applications to experiments in physics, and extend the realm of application of quantum theory well beyond physics.

A course in angular momentum techniques is essential for quantitative study of problems in atomic physics, molecular physics, nuclear physics and solid state physics.

Intends to initiate a discipline, namely a formalized epistemological method drawn from the cognitive strategies practised in the most effective among the modern scientific disciplines, as well as from general philosophical thinking. This book is suitable fpr philosophers of science, physicists, mathematicians, logicians, and computer scientists.

For the past 20 years causality violations and superluminal motion have been the object of intensive study as physical and geometrical phenomena. How much "exotic matter" would it take to create a time machine or a warp drive? What is the difference between a "discovered" time machine and a created one?

Aims to reveal the outstanding personality underlying Majorana's notes. A mixture of mathematical command, physics intuition and creative thought makes the Notes enjoyable for physicists of every discipline. This book is of interest to both graduate students and theoretical physics experts.

Abraham Ungar laid the foundation for investigating hyperbolic triangle centers via hyperbolic barycentric coordinates, and in this book he initiates a study of hyperbolic triangle centers in full analogy with the rich study of Euclidian triangle centers.

Top researchers in the field of gravitation present the state-of-the-art topics outlined in this book, ranging from the stability of rotating wormholes solutions supported by ghost scalar fields, modified gravity applied to wormholes, the study of novel semi-classical and nonlinear energy conditions, to the applications of quantum effects and the superluminal version of the warp drive in modified spacetime. Based on Einstein's field equations, this cutting-edge research area explores the more far-fetched theoretical outcomes of General Relativity and relates them to quantum field theory. This includes quantum energy inequalities, flux energy conditions, and wormhole curvature, and sheds light on not just the theoretical physics but also on the possible applications to warp drives and time travel.This book extensively explores the physical properties and characteristics of these 'exotic spacetimes,' describing in detail the general relativistic geometries thatgenerate closed timelike curves.

For the past 20 years causality violations and superluminal motion have been the object of intensive study as physical and geometrical phenomena. How much "exotic matter" would it take to create a time machine or a warp drive? What is the difference between a "discovered" time machine and a created one?

¿A unified quantum theory incorporating the four fundamental forces of nature is one of the major open problems in physics. The Standard Model combines electro-magnetism, the strong force and the weak force, but ignores gravity. The quantization of gravity is therefore a necessary first step to achieve a unified quantum theory. In this monograph a canonical quantization of gravity has been achieved by quantizing a geometric evolution equation resulting in a gravitational wave equation in a globally hyperbolic spacetime. Applying the technique of separation of variables we obtain eigenvalue problems for temporal and spatial self-adjoint operators where the temporal operator has a pure point spectrum with eigenvalues $\lambda_i$ and related eigenfunctions, while, for the spatial operator, it is possible to find corresponding eigendistributions for each of the eigenvalues $\lambda_i$, if the Cauchy hypersurface is asymptotically Euclidean or if the quantized spacetime is a black hole with a negative cosmological constant. The hyperbolic equation then has a sequence of smooth solutions which are products of temporal eigenfunctions and spatial eigendistributions. Due to this "spectral resolution" of the wave equation quantum statistics can also be applied to the quantized systems. These quantum statistical results could help to explain the nature of dark matter and dark energy.

This graduate level introduction explores the extended theories of gravity and cosmology, including variational principles, the weak-field limit, gravitational waves, and more. Complete with a consistent notation and rich references, the text unifies the existing literature in this area.

Suitable for physicists and mathematicians whose work involves quantum field theory, combination theory and relativity, programming and optimization, this title acquaints them with the advances in Finslerian geometries, that is anisotropic geometries, and their applications by the Japanese, European and American schools.

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In order to give the reader a deeper insight into this research field, the contributing authors discuss their opinions on the main subjects in an enthralling virtual round table: in this way, the reader can get a direct comparison of the various viewpoints on the most controversial and interesting topics.

An understanding of quantum mechanics is vital to all students of physics, chemistry and electrical engineering, but requires a lot of mathematical concepts, the details of which are given with great clarity in this book.

Celebrating the one hundredth anniversary of the 1909 publication of Minkowski's seminal paper "Space and Time", this volume includes a fresh translation as well as the original in German, and a number of contributed papers on the still-controversial subject.

This book ushers in a new era of experimental and theoretical investigations into collective processes, structure formation, and self-organization of nuclear matter. Pioneering breakthroughs are described, achieved at the "Proton-21" Laboratory, Kiev, Ukraine in a variety of new physical and technological directions.

This book aims to show that the probabilistic formalisms of classical statistical mechanics and quantum mechanics can be unified on the basis of a general contextual probabilistic model, namely, the Vaxjo model.

This is the hierarchy of the BBGKY equations, which enables a relationship to be established between the Gibbs theory, the liquid theory, and the theory of nonequilibrium phenomena.

Among the subjects covered in this volume are the topological effects of quantum mechanics, including Bohm-Aharonov and Aharonov-Casher effects and their generalisations; the time-dependent Bohm-Aharonov effect, the thorough study of toroidal solenoids and their use as effective transmitters of electromagnetic waves;

Proceedings of the 17th International Workshop on Maximum Entropy and Bayesian Methods of Statistical Analysis

Proceedings of the Twelfth International Workshop on Maximum Entropy and Bayesian Methods, Paris, France, 1992

The original papers contained in this volume are useful as supplementary reading material for students in courses on group theory, relativistic quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, relativistic electrodynamics, general relativity, and elementary particle physics.

Since the early 1980's, roughly 50 papers representing over 20 challenges have appeared in the refereed scienti?c literature. In 2004, the mainstream scienti?c journal Entropy published a special edition devoted to second law challenges [3]. Modern second law challenges began in the early 1980's with the theoretical proposals of Gordon and Denur.