Bøger i Green Energy and Technology serien

This book presents an overview of geothermal heating systems using ground source heat pumps in different countries. It evaluates the emissions and energy costs generated by the operation of low enthalpy geothermal systems, with heat pumps fed by different energy sources, and assesses, from an international point of view, those policies whose aim is a sustainable, low-carbon economy.The use of low-impact energy sources is gradually growing with the aim of reducing greenhouse gases emission and air pollution. The alternatives offered by geothermal systems are one of the key solutions for a future renewable development, enabling the electrification of heating systems and the use of biofuels.The book will be of interest to energy professionals and researchers.

This book presents high-quality peer-reviewed articles from the 2nd International Conference on Biomass Utilization and Sustainable Energy 2022 (ICoBiomasSE 2022) organized by the Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization (COEBU), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Malaysia. The theme of the conference ¿Emerging Technology for Future Sustainability¿ is chosen in view of the current revolution and rapid developments in the field of biomass innovation towards sustainable development. The contents are broadly divided into five parts: (1) sustainable biomass resources for decarbonizing the economy, (2) biomass conversion technologies for bioenergy and biofuels, (3) biomass conversion to intermediates and products, (4) bioeconomy sustainability, impacts and policies and (5) bioenergy integration. It provides a platform for students, professionals, researchers, academicians, policymakers and industries working in the areas of biomass utilization and sustainable energy to solve long-standing environmental issues for a healthier planet.¿

This book highlights current efforts and research (in Malaysia) on Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) approach as a core technique for sludge treatment and energy recovery. It also includes health and socioeconomic perspectives used in this approach. The book begins with an overview of sludge in waste treatment plants and the efficient generation of renewable energy through dewatered sludge bioconversion via MFC. It presents the use of Electrogenic Bacteria (EB) for accelerating the hydrolysis treatment of sludge and the determination of metabolites produced in the process. The book highlights new achievements in the purification of sludge through rubber band technology and further treatment. It discusses the recovery of beneficial biodegradable polymer compounds that are added value for the plastic industry and presents safety issues of sludge on human health. Further, it presents a case study on the MFC project for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education, and includes the economic perspective of innovation in energy. The book ends with various ways forward toward improving renewable energy production and clean waste treatment. ¿

This book highlights current efforts and research in Malaysia on conversion of bio-resources to renewable energy of biofuel as an alternative way of producing energy from fossil-based fuels. The book starts with the renewable energy developments and policies in Malaysia and discusses the main renewable resources available.  It addresses the use of more environmentally friendly technologies which can lead to the reduction of pollution and thus sustaining the ecology for treatment of bio-resources. The book also presents new initiatives in bioenergy production with theories, applications, and challenges of biological processes of biofuel production such as bioethanol, biobutanol, biogas, microbial fuel cell (MFC), and biodiesel. It discusses the potential of renewable energy resources to meet the energy needs without damaging/affecting the environment.

This book looks at how digital economy can help energy businesses to meet their sustainability goals. It will further generates a new debate among policymakers about encouraging green technologies to reduce global carbon emissions.Our modern society requires a long-term, sustainable, and secure energy supply that not only generates and preserves renewable energy. It is also creating universal intelligent machines for power systems, and vital infrastructure is considered in terms of digital economy requirements. The idea of sharing information is an essential principle of sustainable thinking. In such instances, open internet and data access are required to enable any human being to acquire knowledge. Furthermore, the energy industry is changing worldwide, necessitating the consideration of potential implications and modifications. Thus, its most distinguishing feature is moving from a centrally organized system to one with many market players. Consequently, information and communication technologies and human growth have significant main and interactive effects on environmental sustainability. Simultaneously, energy industry is a major player in resolving the digital economy¿s development issues.

This book reports on the treatment of waters and wastewaters with contaminants of emerging concern such as pharmaceutically active compounds. It shows how to prevent the contamination of the environment with such pollutants in the content of effluents. This book reviews various physico-chemical and biological methods that have been developed in order to deal with the polluted effluents. It also evaluates the already developed technologies regarding the sustainability criteria. The chapters discuss technical aspects and put the spotlight on the sustainability aspects of the water and wastewater treatment technologies.

This book presents a widespread description of the synthesis and characterization of biomass-based carbon nanostructures. It also covers the vital applications of these materials in supercapacitors and for next-generation energy storage devices. It describes the common design procedures, advantages and disadvantages of biomass-based carbon nanostructures and offers novel visions into the forthcoming directions. In addition, this book will provide new updates about the effect of doping and structural twist on the electrochemical performance of electrode materials derived from biomass sources. The book will be useful for beginners, researchers, and professionals working in the area of carbon nanomaterials and their applications in energy storage devices.

This book focuses on the current situation of two technologies for electricity production from renewable energy sources, wind and solar photovoltaic energy, analysing and describing both technologies in detail.Four regions of the world, with distinct energy markets and conditions, are explored. Together, the USA, Europe, China and Japan represent one third of the world¿s population and occupy 25% of the planet, therefore offering a representation of a global picture. In each of these regions, the development of the solar and wind energy is examined, and the economic implications are described.

This book constitutes state-of-the-art research covering a wide range of topics including climate change and carbon emissions, air quality and pollution control, urbanism, land and circular economy, sustainable transport, energy, water, biodiversity and greenery, environmental services, housing, and construction with respect to the built environment. The concepts of sustainability in built environment conclude with reimagining the city. The content includes pedagogical features such as examples, simple flowing language and over 100 figures. The book aims to motivate architects, engineers, consultants, builders, and planners to respond to the challenges of sustainability in the built environment.

The book comprises state-of-the-art scientific reviews on carbon management strategies in response to climate change. It provides in-depth information on topics relating to recent advances in carbon capture technology and its reuse in value added products. It features contributions of leading scientists and technocrats on topics including climate change and carbon sequestration, lowering carbon footprint CO2 capture, low carbon imperatives in oil industry, CO2 as refrigerant in cold-chain application, carbonic anhydrase-mediated carbon sequestration and utilization, chemical looping combustion with Indian coal, CO2 conversion to chemicals, algae based biofuels, and carbon capture patent landscaping analysis. The contents of this book will be helpful for research scholars, post-graduate students, industry, agricultural scientists and policy makers/planners.

This book presents the achievements made in solar energy and prospects in achieving solar potential in India. It covers the historical perspectives, innovations and myriad applications of solar energy in its different forms. The book discusses solar devices and covers both solar photovoltaics and solar thermal energy and includes both heat and electricity applications. Solar policies in India, solar research, technologies, large scale adoption as well as future trends are also discussed. This book will be useful for researchers and professionals with interests in  technological, economical and policy developments in solar energy driven power industry.

This book on biogas is about the production and use of biogas with an emphasis on the raw materials and processes suitable for use in Southeast Asia. It is a gas formed when organic matter decomposes in an anaerobic digestion process. It can be made from any organic substance but the most economic are organic products from waste such as agricultural or general household waste, sewage, manure, municipal waste or food waste. As this raw material can be renewed indefinitely, biogas produced from it, is considered a renewable energy source. Worldwide interest in renewable energy sources is gathering momentum especially as concern for climate change mounts. Biogas generation helps reduce reliance on the use of fossil fuels. Producing biogas through biodigestion is non-polluting as there is no combustion or energy addition especially in the warmer climes of Southeast Asia. In this region, poorly managed landfills allow toxic liquids to drain into underground water sources. If instead, these wastes were used in a biogas plant, water pollution would be reduced. The same argument could be made for the local air quality. Therefore, biogas generation, in addition to producing renewable energy, also improves local water and air quality. The solid end-waste product of the biogas generation process is enriched natural organic matter (digestate), which can be substituted for chemical fertilizers, providing another environmental benefit to biogas. This book is primarily concerned with the production of biogas. From the raw material pre-treatment to the reactor design and operation to the post-treatment system, this book covers all aspects of production. There are many types of biogas reactors, each with their own advantages. Which reactor to select depends on the type and quantity of raw material, land area available and climate, among other factors. This book provides information on selecting and operating a suitable biogas system for interested parties bethey governmental, NGO¿s, private companies or individuals. Biogas contains primarily methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). It may also contain small quantities of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), moisture and siloxanes. Extracting the methane from all other gases is called biogas upgrading and the output is then referred to as biomethane. These upgrading processes are not the subject of this book as they are already the subject of a previously published book.

Low dimensional systems have revolutionized the science and technology in several areas. However, their understanding is still a great challenge for the scientific community. Solar energy conversion devices based on nanostructured materials have shown exceptional gains in efficiency and stability. In this context, nanostructures allow an improvement of surface properties, transport and charge transfer, as well as direct application as sensors and storage devices and energy conversion. This book discuss the recent advances and future trends of the nanoscience in solar energy conversion and storage. It explores and discusses recent developments both in theory as well as in experimental studies and is of interest to materials scientists, chemists, physicists and engineers.