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The Verilog Hardware Description Language (Verilog-HDL) has long been the most popular language for describing complex digital hardware. Verilog-AMS combines both Verilog-HDL and Verilog-A, and adds additional mixed-signal constructs, providing a hardware description language suitable for analog, digital, and mixed-signal systems.

For those domains of product design that are highly dependent on transistor-level circuit design and optimization, such as high-speed logic and memory, mixed-signal analog-digital int- faces, RF functions, power integrated circuits, and so forth, circuit simulation is perhaps the single most important tool.

Chapter 2 summarizes the fundamentals of phase noise and timing jitter and discusses earlier works on oscillator's phase noise analysis. Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 analyze the physical mechanisms behind phase noise generation in current-biased and Colpitts oscillators.

This guide emphasizes jitter for time domain applications so that there is not a need to translate from frequency domain. It also includes classification of measurement techniques to help designers understand how the eventual performance of circuit design is verified.

For those domains of product design that are highly dependent on transistor-level circuit design and optimization, such as high-speed logic and memory, mixed-signal analog-digital int- faces, RF functions, power integrated circuits, and so forth, circuit simulation is perhaps the single most important tool.

This is a book for engineers concerned with jitter: the e ects of noise visible in the time domain. The material presented will be helpful for work at both the system level and the circuit level: At the system level, the challenge is to describe, specify, and measure time domain uncertainty and when necessary, relate jitter to phase noise speci cations in the frequency domain. At the circuit level, the challenge is to design low noise circuitry within power, area, and process constraints so that ultimate performance meets system level requirements. Throughout the book concepts are presented in the context of an - gineering application requiring low jitter performance: the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) used in a phase-locked loop (PLL). Techniques are presented for circuit-level design of low jitter delay elements for use in ring oscillators, as well as relating the circuit-level characteristics to system-level performance. Although the emphasis is on time-domain (jitter) measures of oscillator p- formance, a simple method of translating performance to frequency domain (phase noise) measures is presented as well. Structure of this Book This book is divided into nine chapters. The diagram on the following page shows the relationship between material in each chapter as well as placement in the system-level vs. circuit-level design hierarchy. Wherever possible, - perimental veri cation is presented in the same chapter as the corresponding theoretical development, rather than being isolated in a separate chapter.