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Spanning nearly 400 years from the early abolitionists to the present, this guide book profiles more than 400 people, places, and events that have shaped the history of the black struggle for freedom. Coverage includes information on such mainstay figures as Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, and Rosa Parks, but also delves into how lesser known figures contributed to and shaped the history of civil rights. Learn how the Housewives' League of Detroit started a nationwide movement to support black businesses, helping many to survive the depression; or discover what effect sports journalist Samuel Harold Lacy had on Jackie Robinson's historic entrance into the major leagues. This comprehensive resource chronicles the breadth and passion of an entire people's quest for freedom.

The most complete and affordable single-volume reference of African American culture available today, this almanac is a unique and valuable resource devoted to illustrating and demystifying the moving, difficult, and often lost history of black life in America. A legacy of pride, struggle, and triumph spanning more than 400 years is presented through a fascinating mix of biographies-including 500 influential figures-little-known or misunderstood historical facts, enlightening essays on significant legislation and movements, and 150 rare photographs and illustrations. Covering events surrounding the civil rights movement; African American literature, art, and music; religion within the black community; and advances in science and medicine, this reference connects history to the issues currently facing the African American community and provides a range of information on society and culture.

From ancient rock drawings to todays urban living, the Native American Almanac: More than 50,000 Years of the Cultures and Histories of Indigenous Peoples traces the rich heritage of indigenous people. It is a fascinating mix of biography, pre-contact and post-contact history, current events, Tribal Nations histories, enlightening insights on environmental and land issues, arts, treaties, languages, education, movements, and more. Ten regional chapters, including urban living, cover the narrative history, the communities, land, environment, important figures, and backgrounds of each areas Tribal Nations and peoples. The stories of 345 Tribal Nations, biographies of 400 influential figures in all walks of life, Native American firsts, awards, and statistics are covered. 150 photographs and illustrations bring the text to life.The most complete and affordable single-volume reference work about Native American culture available today, the Native American Almanac is a unique and valuable resource devoted to illustrating, demystifying, and celebrating the moving, sometimes difficult, and often lost history of the indigenous people of America. Capturing the stories and voices of the American Indian of yesterday and today, it provides a range of information on Native American history, society, and culture.

A celebration of achievement, accomplishments, and pride!The first African American president, U.S. senator, and the first black lawyer in the Department of Education. The first black chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff and the first African American commissioned officer in the Marine Corps. The first black professors in a variety of fields. The first African American advertising agency. The first African American Olympian. The first black pilot for a scheduled commercial airline. The first recorded slave revolt in North America. The first African American cookbook writer. Revel and rejoice in the renowned and lesser-known, barrier-breaking trailblazers in all fields-arts, entertainment, business, civil rights, education, government, invention, journalism, religion, science, sports, music, and more. Black Firsts: 500 Years of Trailblazing Achievements and Ground-Breaking Events, Fourth Edition bears witness to the long and complex history of African Americans! Expanded, updated, and revised for the first time in over eight years, Black Firsts collects more than 500 all-new achievements and previously unearthed firsts. This massive tome proves that African American accomplishments are wide-ranging and ongoing, documenting thousands of personal victories and triumphs. Who was the first black American depicted on a postage stamp? (1940 Booker Taliaferro Washington)Who was the first African American bookseller? (1834 David Ruggles, New York City)Where was the first black car dealership? (1941 Edward Davis, Detroit, Studebaker)When was the first black-owned company listed on a major stock exchange? (1971 Johnson Products)Who was the first black U.S. senator? (1870 Hiram Rhoades [Rhodes] Revels, Mississippi)Who was the African American columnist who won a Pulitzer Prize for Commentary? (1989 Clarence Page)Who was the U.S. Supreme Court's first black justice? (1967 Thurgood Marshall)Who first broke the color barrier to become a flight attendant? (1958 Ruth Carol Taylor)Who became the first black to graduate from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point? (1877 Henry Ossian Flipper)Which model was the first black to grace Sports Illustrated cover? (1997 Tyra Banks)Who became the American Medical Association's first black president? (1995 Lonnie Bristow)What is the oldest surviving black church in America? (The African Meeting House, built in 1806 and known as the Joy Street Baptist Church, in Boston)Who became the first black pitcher to win a World Series game? (1952 Rookie of the Year, Joe Black, of the Brooklyn Dodgers)Who was the first regularly recognized black physician in the United States? (1780s James Durham [Derham])Who was the first black actress to receive an Emmy Award? (1969 Gail Fisher)Who became the first black professional football player? (1904 Charles W. Follis)What was first short story published by a black woman in the United States? (1859 Frances Ellen Watkins Harper's "e;The Two Offers"e;)Who was the black explorer who joined the Lewis and Clark expedition? (York)Who was the first black lawyer to argue a case before the Supreme Court? (1880 Samuel R. Lowery)Which two songs by black Americans were the first to be send out of the solar system? (1977 Chuck Berry's song "e;Johnny B. Goode"e; and Blind Willie Johnson's "e;Dark Was the Night, Cold Was the Ground"e; on Voyager I)What famous inventor and agronomist has a national monument named after him in Diamond, Missouri? (1960 George Washington Carver)What movie featured the first black female lead in a Disney animated feature? (2009 "e;The Princess and the Frog"e; starred Anika Noni Rose)Who was the first black American to win a gold medal in the women's all-around final competition.? (2012 Gabrielle "e;Gabby"e; Christina Victoria Douglas)Who were the Tuskegee Airmen and why are they so famous? (1941 The U.S. Congress established the first combat unit for blacks in the Army Air Corps with a training facility for black airmen, known as the Tuskegee Airmen, located at Tuskegee Institute, Alabama)Who participated in the first armed encounter of the American Revolution and later became the first black to receive an honorary master's degree? (Lemuel Haynes)Who was the author of a book of poetry that won the first Pulitzer Prize awarded to a black American? (1950 Gwendolyn Brooks for "e;Annie Allen"e;)What was the first black record company? (Pace Phonograph Company established 1921 by Henry Pace)Who was the black hero who sacrificed himself at the Boston Massacre, an event that would help inspire the American Revolution? (1770 Crispus Attucks)Who was the first black entertainer to host his own talk show on national television? (1989 Arsenio Hall)Who was the first African American to lead the NASA space program? (2009 Charles Frank Bolden Jr.)Who was the first black American to win the Nobel Peace Prize? (1944 Ralph Johnson Bunche) Who was the first black American athlete to win an Olympic gold medal? (1908 John Baxter "e;Doc"e; Taylor Jr. winner of the 4 X 400-meter relay in London)Which inventor had the first patent granted an African American? (1872 Elijah McCoy)Who was the first African American to win a Grammy Award? (1959 Count [William] Basie)Who is thought to be the United States' first black millionaire? (1890 Thomy Lafon, New Orleans real estate speculator and moneylender)Who was the first black named Association of College and Research Librarian of the Year? (1985 Jessie Carney Smith)Which black first sang a principal role with the Metropolitan Opera? (1955 Marian Anderson)When was the first black judge appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals? (1966 Spottswood Robinson)Which black artist was the first to be featured in a solo exhibit at New York's Museum of Modern Art? (1937 William Edmondson)When was the first black mayor of Dallas elected? (1995 Ron Kirk)Who was the first elected black chairman of Republican National Convention? (1884 John Roy Lynch)Who was the first known black to graduate from an American college? (1823 Alexander Lucius Twilight received a bachelor's degree from Middlebury College in Vermont)With more than 350 photos and illustrations, this information-rich book also includes a helpful bibliography and an extensive index, adding to its usefulness. This vital collection will appeal to anyone interested in America's amazing history and resilient people.

A celebration of achievement, accomplishments, and courage!Native American Medal of Honor recipients, Heisman Trophy recipients, U.S. Olympians, a U.S. vice president, Congressional representatives, NASA astronauts, Pulitzer Prize recipients, U.S. poet laureates, Oscar winners, and more. The first Native magician, all-Native comedy show, architects, attorneys, bloggers, chefs, cartoonists, psychologists, religious leaders, filmmakers, educators, physicians, code talkers, and inventors. Luminaries like Jim Thorpe, King Kamehameha, Debra Haaland, and Will Rogers, along with less familiar notables such as Native Hawaiian language professor and radio host Larry Lindsey Kimura and Cree/Mohawk forensic pathologist Dr. Kona Williams. Their stories plus the stories of 2000 people, events and places are presented in Indigenous Firsts: A History of Native American Achievements and Events, including Suzanne Van Cooten, Ph.D., Chickasaw Nation, the first Native female meteorologist in the countryCaleb Cheeshahteaumuck, Wampanoag from Marthas Vineyard, graduate of Harvard College in 1665Debra Haaland, the Pueblo of Laguna, U.S. Congresswoman and Secretary of the InteriorSam Campos, the Native Hawaiian who developed the Hawaiian superhero Pineapple ManThomas L. Sloan, Omaha, was the first Native American to argue a case before the U.S. Supreme CourtWilliam R. Pogue, Choctaw, astronautJohnston Murray, Chickasaw, the first person of Native American descent to be elected governor in the United States, holding the office in Oklahoma from 1951 to 1955The Cherokee Phoenix published its first edition February 21, 1828, making it the first tribal newspaper in North America and the first to be published in an Indigenous languageThe National Native American Honor Society was founded by acclaimed geneticist Dr. Frank C. Dukepoo , the first Hopi to earn a Ph.D.Louis Sockalexis, Penobscot, became the first Native American in the National Baseball League in 1897 as an outfielder with the Cleveland SpidersJock Soto, Navajo/Puerto Rican, the youngest-ever man to be the principal dancer with the New York City BalletThe Seminole Tribe of Florida was the first Nation to own and operate an airplane manufacturing companyWarrior's Circle of Honor, the National Native American Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC, on the grounds of the Smithsonians National Museum of the American IndianThe Iolani Palace, constructed 18791882, the home of the Hawaiian royal family in HonoluluLoriene Roy, Anishinaabe, White Earth Nation, professor at the University of Texas at Austins School of Information, former president of the American Library AssociationBen Nighthorse Campbell, Northern Cheyenne, U.S. representative and U.S. senator from ColoradoHanay Geiogamah, Kiowa /Delaware, founded the American Indian Theatre EnsembleGerald Vizenor, White Earth Nation, writer, literary critic, and journalist for the Minneapolis TribuneEly S. Parker (Hasanoanda, later Donehogawa), Tonawanda Seneca, lieutenant colonel in the Union Army, serving as General Ulysses S. Grants military secretaryFritz Scholder, Luiseno, painter inducted into the California Hall of FameThe Native American Women Warriors, the first all Native American female color guardLori Arviso Alvord, the first Navajo woman to become a board-certified surgeonKay Kaibah C. Bennett, Navajo, teacher, author, and the first woman to run for the presidency of the Navajo NationSandra Sunrising Osawa, Makah Indian Nation, the first Native American to have a series on commercial televisionThe Choctaw peoples 1847 donation to aid the Irish people suffering from the great famineOtakuye Conroy-Ben, Oglala Lakota, first to earn an environmental engineering Ph.D. at the University of ArizonaDiane J. Willis, Kiowa, former President of the Society of Pediatric Psychology and founding editor of the Journal of Pediatric PsychologyShelly Niro, Mohawk, winner of Canadas top photography prize, the Scotiabank Photography AwardLoren Leman, Alutiiq/Russian-Polish, was the first Alaska Native elected lieutenant governorKim TallBear, Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate, the first recipient of the Canada Research Chair in Indigenous Peoples, Technoscience, and EnvironmentCarissa Moore, Native Hawaiian, won the Gold Medal in Surfing at the 2020 Tokyo OlympicsWill Rogers, Cherokee, actor, performer, humorist was named the first honorary mayor of Beverly HillsFoods of the Southwest Indian Nations by Lois Ellen Frank, Kiowa, was the first Native American cookbook to win the James Beard AwardDiane Humetewa, Hopi, nominated by President Barack Obama, became the first Native American woman to serve as a federal judgeSusie Walking Bear Yellowtail, Crow, the first Native American nurse to be inducted into the American Nursing Association Hall of FameIndigenous Firsts honors the ongoing and rich history of personal victories and triumphs, and with more than 200 photos and illustrations, this information-rich book also includes a helpful bibliography and an extensive index, adding to its usefulness. This vital collection will appeal to anyone interested in Americas amazing history and its resilient and skilled Indigenous people.