Bøger om 17. århundrede

There is an old, deeply rooted story about America that goes like this: Columbus "discovers" a strange continent and brings back tales of untold riches. The European empires rush over, eager to stake out as much of this astonishing "New World" as possible. Though Indigenous peoples fight back, they cannot stop the onslaught. White imperialists are destined to rule the continent, and history is an irreversible march toward Indigenous destruction.Yet as with other long-accepted origin stories, this one, too, turns out to be based in myth and distortion. In Indigenous Continent, acclaimed historian Pekka Hämäläinen presents a sweeping counter-narrative that shatters the most basic assumptions about American history. Shifting our perspective away from Jamestown, Plymouth Rock, the Revolution and other well-trodden episodes on the conventional timeline, he depicts a sovereign world of Native nations whose members, far from helpless victims of colonial violence, dominated the continent for centuries after the first European arrivals. From the Iroquois in the Northeast to the Comanches on the Plains, and from the Pueblos in the Southwest to the Cherokees in the Southeast, Native nations frequently decimated white newcomers in battle. Even as the white population exploded and colonists' land greed grew more extravagant, Indigenous peoples flourished due to sophisticated diplomacy and leadership structures.By 1776, various colonial powers claimed nearly all of the continent, but Indigenous peoples still controlled it-as Hämäläinen points out, the maps in modern textbooks that paint much of North America in neat, colour-coded blocks confuse outlandish imperial boasts for actual holdings. In fact, Native power peaked in the late nineteenth century, with the Lakota victory in 1876 at Little Big Horn, which was not an American blunder, but an all-too-expected outcome.Hämäläinen ultimately contends that the very notion of "colonial America" is misleading, and that we should speak instead of an "Indigenous America" that was only slowly and unevenly becoming colonial. The evidence of Indigenous defiance is apparent today in the hundreds of Native nations that still dot the United States and Canada. Necessary reading for anyone who cares about America's past, present and future, Indigenous Continent restores Native peoples to their rightful place at the very fulcrum of American history.

Once America was free from Great Britain, it needed to decide how to run the new country. The nation's founders split the government into three branches. This ensured that no one person would have too much power. This system keeps us free!

"Dear Emily, Remember how I used to say that when I died, I wanted to be remembered as a godly woman? I almost gave that up this winter . . ." Writing letters home to her sister Emily is Hannah Zartman's lifeline. It's 1798, and Hannah's life no longer bears a speck of resemblance to the affluent city life she left behind to marry Georg, a Hessian mercenary turned colonist. Hannah can milk a cow, deliver piglets, churn butter, quilt and spin, and even shoot a bear should the need arise, as she tends the land and the daily needs of nine rambunctious children in a rustic Pennsylvania log cabin. But this year, harder things are pressing from every side, shaking Hannah's commitment to the harsh frontier life she has chosen and to the man she loves. As the Zartmans grieve an agonizing loss and await the birth of another mouth to feed, their farm is on the brink of financial disaster. And tough times have a way of exposing Hannah and Georg's shortcomings as marriage partners. When put to the test and tempted to run, can Hannah hold fast to her family and her faith? Pouring out her everyday cares through her pen, will she find the strength, not only to plow through the demands of life in early America, but to plant a family legacy that will forever testify to God's providence in the worst of times? In her award-winning debut novel, Letters to Emily, Miriam Ilgenfritz stitches a heartwarming tapestry of early-American countryfolk and the faith traditions that shaped and sustained them.

Examining the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) in the Indian Capital MarketSome authors argue that not only the most discerning investor cannot establish the composition of the true market portfolio, but there is also no reason to assume that systematic risk is the sole factor affecting a security's expected return.This study aims to examine whether the standard Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) by Sharpe (1964) and Lintner (1965) holds in the Indian capital market.Introducing the Topic and Key AssumptionsChapter 1 introduces the topic, emphasizing the concept and importance of CAPM in the Indian context. The basic tenet of the CAPM model summarizes the following assumptions:Investors are risk-averse and prefer expected returns while avoiding risk.Investors base investment decisions on expected returns and the variances of security returns.Investors behave normatively and aim to hold a portfolio along the efficient frontier.A riskless asset exists, allowing investors to lend or invest at the riskless rate and borrow at this rate at any moment.All investments are perfectly divisible, meaning that every security and portfolio is equivalent to a mutual fund, and fractional shares can be purchased in any amount.All investors have homogeneous expectations regarding investment horizons, holding periods, forecasted expected returns, and risk levels on securities.Reviewing the Literature and Methodological IssuesChapter Two of this study reviews the literature on the CAPM model, dividing it into three broad headings:A. Methodological issues influencing empirical methods.Exploring the Theory of CAPMChapter three of the study explores the Theory of CAPM. In finance, the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) determines a theoretically appropriate required rate of return for an asset, assuming it is added to a well-diversified portfolio. The model considers the asset's sensitivity to non-diversifiable risk, often represented by the quantity beta (¿), the expected return of the market, and the expected return of a theoretical risk-free asset. CAPM suggests that an investor's cost of equity capital is determined by beta.Despite its empirical shortcomings and the presence of more modern approaches to asset pricing and portfolio selection, such as arbitrage pricing theory and Merton's portfolio problem, the CAPM remains popular due to its simplicity and utility in various situations.

Whether in outwardly- or inwardly-directed ceremonies and rituals, the appearances of rulers and their court states, as well as other institutions of power, took place under unique acoustic conditions. The latter, in turn, were embedded not only in an intermedial and sensory structure, but also in a complex system of symbols and signs that conveyed certain messages or evoked particular associations. The contributions to this conference volume are devoted to these multi-layered connections and constellations, their manifestations in sound and silence, their distinctive power and their inherent specifics. The approach to the topic is interdisciplinary and multi-perspective as well as inter-, cross-, and transcultural and focuses on various courtly and urban instances of power between Ragusa, the Ottoman Empire, Habsburg-Burgundy, China, and other cultures at the turn of the 14th century to the beginning of the 18th century.Ob in nach außen oder innen gerichteten Zeremoniellen und Ritualen: Die Auftritte von Herrschern, Herrscherinnen und deren Hofstaaten sowie anderen Machinstitutionen vollzogen sich unter besonderen akustischen Bedingungen. Letztere wiederum waren nicht nur in ein intermediales und intersensorisches Gefüge, sondern auch in ein komplexes System von Symbolen und Zeichen eingebettet, die bestimmte Botschaften vermittelten oder Assoziationen hervorriefen. Diesen vielschichten Verbindungen und Konstellationen, ihren Ausprägungen in Klang und Stille, ihrer besonderen Macht und deren innenwohnenden Spezifika widmen sich die Beiträge des vorliegenden Konferenzbandes. Die Zugriffe auf die Thematik erfolgen unter interdisziplinären, multiperspektivischen sowie inter-, cross- und transkulturellen Blickwinkeln auf verschiedenste höfische und städtische Machtinstanzen zwischen Ragusa, dem Osmanischen Reich, Habsburg-Burgund, China und anderen Kulturen an der Wende zum 14. und dem beginnenden 18. Jahrhundert.

Desde un punto de vista filológico, los trabajos sobre léxico habrían estado mayoritariamente enfocados al estudio de sustantivos y verbos. Este volumen pretende ahondar en el estudio del adjetivo a partir del análisis lexicográfico y documental de un conjunto de adjetivos cromáticos atestiguados en el siglo XVII y extraídos a partir de un corpus muy específico ¿el Corpus Léxico de Inventarios (CorLexIn)¿. En el plano lexicográfico, se persigue acotar su referencia cromática partiendo de la información que puede extraerse de diccionarios de la época, así como analizar su tratamiento en dicho contexto. Complementariamente, se propone un análisis de tipo documental a partir de los datos que proporcionan los corpus académicos, conformados por textos con un marcado registro culto, y frente a los que CorLexIn aporta una visión mucho más cercana a la lengua oral y al registro cotidiano, es decir, a la realidad lingüística del siglo XVII.

It's got action, adventure, sword fighting, sailing, true love, intrigue, betrayal, murder, and yes, it's a kissing book.

"This woman was one of the most impudent, scurrilous, wicked creatures of this world; and she did now throughout her whole trial discover herself to be such a one. Yet when she was asked what she had to say for herself, her chief plea was that she had led a most virtuous and holy life." -Reverend Cotton Mather, 1692USA Today Bestselling author Heather B. Moore brings the life of her 10th great-grandmother to center stage. Susannah North Martin, accused of witchcraft in 1692, joins five women in the Salem Jail, all sentenced to death for their crimes. Amidst tragedy, Susannah finds hope and compassion as she remembers a well-loved life, and readers discover that love reaches far beyond the grave as Susannah faces the magistrates in Salem.

Sieges dominated the English Civil Wars: one study suggests that for every major battle there were perhaps as many as eight sieges, and probably more than 200 towns, castles, and country homes in England were besieged. However, sieges and fortifications have long been the poor relation in the histories of the period. While up and down the country, numerous siege-sites and fortresses are being studied by historians and archaeologists, so much of this is being done in relative isolation, and unlike the study of battles, seldom has there been an opportunity to bring this research together, to present and compare findings.To provide a forum for experts and the curious alike to share results and to learn from one another was a key driver behind the first ever conference dedicated to the study of fortress warfare during the English Civil Wars. Newark-upon-Trent was besieged three times during the English Civil Wars, and is home to perhaps the best surviving fortifications in the country. It was appropriate, therefore, that the town should host the English Civil War Fortress Symposium in November 2022.The co-hosts of the symposium, the Battlefields Trust, and the Fortress Study Group have both run their own conferences in the past, but this symposium was the first time that these two internationally renowned organizations have come together to stage a joint event. The success of the symposium was a recognition of the standing of both societies, as well as the efforts of the organizers. But most importantly, it was a demonstration of the interest in this important topic.The symposium brought together a variety of projects and studies covering the archaeology of sieges, fortifications and the public, and the challenges, approaches and results connected to the rediscovery and preservation of fortifications.The papers in this book of proceedings include: Peter Gaunt - Keynote speakerRichard Leese - Moreton CorbetDavid Flintham - King's Lynn under siegeKevin Winter - The sieges and fortifications of Newark-Upon-TrentNick Arnold - Uncovering a small fort in DevonDavid Radf - Defences and siegeworks of Oxford

An authoritative history of Puritanism from its earliest days in Britain to its impact on the early American colonies. Full of fascinating insights and historical detail, this book is a must-read for anyone interested in the early history of America.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.