Bøger om År 1800 til 1850

The Life of John Marshall, Volume 4: The building of the nation, 1815-1835, has been acknowledged as a major work throughout human history, and we have taken precautions to assure its preservation by republishing this book in a modern manner for both present and future generations. This book has been completely retyped, revised, and reformatted. The text is readable and clear because these books are not created from scanned copies.

The Life of La Fayette, the Knight of Liberty in Two Worlds and Two Centuries, has been acknowledged as a major work throughout human history, and we have taken precautions to assure its preservation by republishing this book in a modern manner for both present and future generations. This book has been completely retyped, revised, and reformatted. The text is readable and clear because these books are not created from scanned copies.

Life of James Mars, a Slave Born and Sold in Connecticut, has been acknowledged as a major work throughout human history, and we have taken precautions to assure its preservation by republishing this book in a modern manner for both present and future generations. This book has been completely retyped, revised, and reformatted. The text is readable and clear because these books are not created from scanned copies.

Life of Rear Admiral John Randolph Tucker, has been acknowledged as a major work throughout human history, and we have taken precautions to assure its preservation by republishing this book in a modern manner for both present and future generations. This book has been completely retyped, revised, and reformatted. The text is readable and clear because these books are not created from scanned copies.

The chronicles of a Confederate Chaplain's diary will doubtless furnish the staple for weaving a most engaging story when the true historian shall find them. The perusal of these plain annals will surely revive in the memory of many a Confederate Veteran the vivid panorama of that unequaled and heroic struggle for the perpetuation of certain principles that underlie the purest and best form of government in the estimation of loyal Southrons. It is devoutly desired that all who may trace the indentures of this diary will reflect gratefully upon the all wise and gracious providence of God which seeks to save even unto the uttermost. It is believed many persons, at home and in the army, were led to accept Christ as their Saviour, who under other circumstances might never have known His forgiving love.

Bringing to life the American West during a crucial time in our nation's history, this original, thought-provoking look at the general-in-chief of the U.S. Army in 1864 documents his gradual realization that Emancipation was the only possible outcome of the war that would be consistent with America's founding values and future prosperity.

An in-depth look at of a vitally important but little-known heavy artillery regiment of the Civil War In early 1864, many heavy artillery regiments in the Civil War were garrisoning the Washington defenses, including the Fifteenth New York. At the same time, newly minted Union general in chief Ulysses S. Grant sought to replenish the ranks of the Army of the Potomac, and the Fifteenth became one of the first outfits dispatched to Major General George Meade at Brandy Station. Composed of predominantly German immigrants, members of the Fifteenth not only endured the nativist sentiments held by many in the army, but as "heavies" normally stationed to the rear, they were also derided as "band box soldiers." The men were still struggling to adjust to their new roles as infantrymen when they experienced combat for the first time at the Wilderness. Despite lacking infantry training and adequate equipment, they persisted. From the Wilderness to Appomattox describes how the Fifteenth continued to hone their skills and distinguish themselves throughout the Overland, Petersburg, and Appomattox Campaigns, eventually witnessing the surrender of Robert E. Lee's vaunted Army of Northern Virginia. Drawing on a wealth of previously unmined primary sources, Edward A. Altemos pays tribute to the Fifteenth, other heavy artillery regiments, and the thousands of immigrants who contributed to the Union army's victory.

"The nineteenth century was a transformative period in the history of American science, as scientific study, once the domain of armchair enthusiasts and amateurs, became the purview of professional experts and institutions. In [this book], historian Catherine McNeur shows that women were central to the development of the natural sciences during this critical time. She does so by uncovering the forgotten lives of entomologist Margaretta Hare Morris and botanist Elizabeth Morris--sister scientists whose essential contributions to their respective fields, and to the professionalization of science as a whole, have been largely erased"--

Mit dem Ludwigs-Main-Donau-Kanal gelang es, die Europäische Wasserscheide zu überwinden und eine schiffbare Verbindung von der Nordsee zum Schwarzen Meer schaffen. Innerhalb von zehn Jahren wurden 100 Schleusen, über 70 Dämme sowie zahlreichen Brücken und Brückenkanäle errichtet. Friedrich Schultheis schildert hier detailreich den Fortgang der Bauarbeiten von den ersten Planungen bis zur Einweihung im Juli 1846. 26 Doppelseitige Illustrationen von Alexander Marx geben einen Eindruck von diesem Meisterwerk der Technikgeschichte.

"Before 1862, Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain had rarely left his home state of Maine, where he was a trained minister and mild-mannered professor at Bowdoin College. His colleagues were shocked when he volunteered for the Union army, but he was undeterred and later became known as one of the North's greatest heroes: On the second day at Gettysburg, after running out of ammunition at Little Round Top, he ordered his men to wield their bayonets in a desperate charge down a rocky slope that routed the Confederate attackers. Despite being wounded at Petersburg--and told by two surgeons he would die--Chamberlain survived the war, going on to be elected governor of Maine four times and serve as president of Bowdoin College. How did a stuttering young boy come to be fluent in nine languages and even teach speech and rhetoric? How did a trained minister find his way to the battlefield? Award-winning historian Ronald C. White delves into these contradictions in this definitive, cradle-to-death biography of General Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain, from his upbringing in rural Maine to his tenacious, empathetic military leadership and his influential post-war public service, exploring a question that still plagues so many veterans: How do you make a civilian life of meaning after having experienced the extreme highs and lows of war?"--

" It seems rather of necessity than predilection in the sense of apologia that I should put on record in the first place a plain statement of my personal position, as one who for many years of literary life has been, subject to his spiritual and other limitations, an exponent of the higher mystic schools. It will be thought that I am acting strangely in concerning myself at this day with what appears at first sight and simply a well-known method of fortune telling. Now, the opinions of Mr. Smith, even in the literary reviews, are of no importance unless they happen to agree with our own, but in order to sanctify this doctrine we must take care that our opinions, and the subjects out of which they arise, are concerned only with the highest. Yet it is just this which may seem doubtful, in the present instance, not only to Mr. Smith, whom I respect within the proper measures of detachment, but to some of more real consequence, seeing that their dedications are mine. To these and to any I would say that after the most illuminated Frater Christian Rosy Cross had beheld the Chemical Marriage in the Secret Palace of Transmutation, his story breaks off abruptly, with an intimation that he expected next morning to be door-keeper. After the same manner, it happens more öen than might seem likely that those who have seen the King of Heaven through the most clearest veils of the sacraments are those who assume thereafter the humblest offices of all about the House of God. By such simple devices also are the Adepts and Great Masters in the secret orders distinguished from the cohort of Neophytes as servi servorum mysterii...."

" Many paths lead to the mountain-top, and many and diverse are the ritts in the Veil, through which glimpses may be obtained of the secret things of the Universe. The Abbé Louis Constant, better known by his nom de plume of ÉLIPHAS LÉVI, was doubtless a seer; but, though his studies were by no means confined to this, he saw only through the medium of the kabala, the perfect sense of which is, now-a-days, hidden from all mere kabalists, and his visions were consequently always imperfect and often much distorted and confused. Moreover, he was for a considerable portion of his career a Roman Catholic priest, and as such had to keep terms, to a certain extent, with his church, and even later, when he was unfrocked, he hesitated to shock the prejudices of the public, and never succeeded in even wholly freeing himself from the bias of his early clerical training. Consequently he not only erred at times in good faith, not only constantly wrote ambiguously to avoid a direct collision with his ecclesiastical chiefs or current creeds, but he not unfrequently put forward Dogmas, which, taken in their obvious straightforward meanings, he certainly did not believe--nay, I may say, certainly knew to be false..."

The Prophecies of Paracelsus attracted my attention at an early stage of my studies in the Occult, which have now extended to over forty years, but I have only recently thought of bringing them to public notice, the extraordinary events of the present time acting as an incentive. The famous French Kabbalist, Alphonse Louis Constant, in La Clef des Grands Mystères, p. 378, wrote:'The Prophecy of Paracelsus, of which we here give the Preface, is composed of thirty-two chapters with allegorical figures. 'It is the most astounding monument and indisputable proof of the reality and existence of the gift of natural prophecy.' Abbé Constant (born 1809, died 1875), better known by his Hebraistic pseudonym, Eliphas Lévi Fahed, was a distinguished Adept, Magus, and Writer on the Occult. Most of his works have been ably translated by Mr. A. E. Waite. The Preface Eliphas Lévi refers to is not given here, but will be found preceding the Predictions.

" Though deeply sceptical with regard to spirits, I often wondered, whenever I saw an experiment of this kind, whether or not some natural force had not been brought into play, with which we were totally unacquainted. I merely state the facts without further comment. -on the "trick" of "the magic stick" Spirit forces that make leaves dance in still air and buoyant wooden sticks sink in water and fakirs who levitate themselves and induce plants to grow overnight. A European observer in mid-19th century India reports-in the straightforward and unsensational fashion of a religious skeptic-the seemingly wondrous feats of Indian mystics, offering a unique first-person perspective on extraordinary phenomenon that continues to be referenced today by modern spiritualists and those interested in the paranormal. First published in English in 1884, this intriguing book also includes a translation of esoteric works of Indian magic that have been likened to the Jewish Kabbalah. French writer and jurist Louis Jacolliot (1837-1890) served in French India as a government official. Among his extensive works on Indian culture are Voyage au pays des fakirs charmeurs (1881).."

" My honourable Patron and my good Friend, my humble service in the first place presented to you: At you earnest request I cannot but accomplish your desires, seeing you have a great love and affection, by experience to find out the Secrets of Nature, which at this time are known to few, and even wholly hid in darkness. Although many of the Ancients have written thereof, and their books dispersed, yet are they wri¿en in a Magick stile, and profitable to none but those who from their youth have been trained up in this Magick, or instructed by God in such Secrets. Therefore, these Secrets for which you humble yourself are in a deep pit, strongly locked up, so that no man can open unless he have received the Key from the Spirit of Truth. Of the Magical Antimony or of that Antimony of the Ancients will I speak no thing in this treatise, seeing that men will know nothing of it; but what they read of it they apply only to common Antimony; of the which you only desire a treatise which I will freely communicate to you and will write, What it is, Of what parts it is composed, Into what it may be resolved again. And you shall in this treatise understand me no otherwise then according to the Letter; for I will use here no Metaphors, Allegories, or Similitudes; only I will describe Antimony with a plain stile, that you may not be deceived, though you prepare it according to the Letter, and ye shall obtain that of which I write; by these, you may also judge whether in common Antimony that secret, or Chymical and Physical Mystery be or not, of the which Paracelsus and the Magicians have written..."

A collection of 11 short spiritual or occult tales including: A Weird Tale; A Curious Tale; The Serpent's Blood; The Magic Screen Of Time; The Wandering Eye; The Tell-Tale Picture Gallery; The Skin Of The Earth; True Progress; Where The Rishis Were; The Coming Of The Serpent; and, An Allegory.This partial story is written in accordance with a direction received from a source which I cannot disobey and in that alone must possess interest, because we are led to speculate why it is needed now...."It was an old and magic island. Many centuries before, the great good Adepts had landed on its shores from the West and established for a while the Truth. But even they could not stay the relentless tread of fate, and knew that this was only a halting place, a spot where should be concentrated spiritual power sufficiently strong to remain as a leaven for several cycles, and that should be a base upon which in long ages after ages might be erected again the spiritual temple of truth. These blessed beings remained there for centuries uncounted, and saw arise out of the adjoining seas other lands, first of soft mud that afterwards hardened into rocks and earth. They taught the people and found them apt students, and from their number drew many disciples who were full of zeal as well as patience and faith. Among the least of those I was, and toiled long and earnestly through successive lives upon the Island. And the Island came to be known as the Isle of Destiny, from mysterious future events foretold for it by the greatest of the Adepts and their seers.

" A Prejudate eye much lessens the noblenesse of the Subject. Bacons name may bring at the first an inconvenience to the Book, but Bacons ingenuity will recompence it ere he be solidly read. ¿is as an Apology is the usher to his other Workes, which may happily breath a more free Air hereäer, when once the World sees how clear he was, from loving Negromacy. 'Twas the Popes smoak which made the eyes of that Age so sore, as they could not discern any open hearted and clear headed soul from an heretical Phantasme. ¿e silly Fryers envying his too prying head, by their crä had almost got it off his shoulders. It's dangerous to be wiser than the multitude, for that unruly Beast will have every over- topping head to be lopped shorter, lest it plot, ruine, or stop the light, or shadow its extravagancies. How famous this Frier is in the judgment of both godly and wise men, I referre you to the Probatums of such men, whose single Authorities were of sufficiency to equallize a Jury of others; and as for the Book, I refer it to thy reading. As for myself, I refer me to him, whom I serve, and hope thou wilt adore...."

" ¿e work which we offer to the public must not be confused with a collection of reveries and errors to which their authors have tried to give credence by announcing supernatural feats; which the credulous and the ignorant siezed with avidity. We only quote the most respectable authorities and most dignified in faith. The principles which we present are based on the doctrines of the ancients and modern, who full of respect for the Divinity, were always the friends of mankind, endeavoured to recall them to virtue, by showing them vice in all its deformity. We have drawn from the most pure sources, having only in view the love of truth and the desire to enlighten those who desire to discover the secrets of Nature and the marvels which they unfold to those who never separate the darkness which surrounds them. It is only given to those who are favoured by the Great Being, to raise themselves above the terrestial sphere, and to plan a bold flight in the etheric regions; it is for these priviledged men that we write..."

Der Kisokaido durch Japan wurde Anfang des 17. Jahrhunderts vom damaligen Herrscher Tokugawa Ieyasu angelegt. Auf dem mühsamen Weg von Edo (dem heutigen Tokio) nach Kyoto ließ er in regelmäßigen Abständen Rastplätze einrichten, an denen Gasthäuser, Läden und Restaurants den erschöpften Reisenden Kost und Logis boten. Im Jahre 1835 erhielt der anerkannte Holzschnitzer Keisai Eisen den Auftrag, die Reise auf der Kiso-Straße in einer Reihe von Schnitten abzubilden. Nachdem er 24 Holzschnitte fertiggestellt hatte, wurde Eisen durch Utagawa Hiroshige abgelöst, der die Reihe von 70 Holzschnitten schließlich 1843 vollendete. Sowohl Eisen als auch Hiroshige waren renommierte Holzschnittkünstler . In Kiso Kaido Rokujukyu-tsugi lassen beide ihre charakteristische Handschrift erkennen, ohne dabei den harmonischen Gesamteindruck zu verraten. Von der belebten Ausgangsstation Nihonbashi bis zur Festungsstadt Iwamurata wählte Eisen in seinen Bildern gedecktere Farben, zeichnet sich jedoch durch die Darstellung von Personen - vor allem glamourösen Frauen - aus und schwelgt in Momentaufnahmen des Treibens entlang der Strecke , vom Beschlagen eines Pferdes bis zum Fegen von Reis. Hiroshige demonstriert mit atmosphärischen Szenen , wie souverän er die Landschaftsdarstellung beherrscht, von den friedvollen Ufern des Ota bis zum Furcht einflößenden Wada-Pass und einem Aufstieg zwischen Yawata und Mochizuki im Mondschein . Die Sammlung Die neunundsechzig Stationen des Kisokaido stellt nicht nur einen Höhepunkt der Holzschnittkunst dar - mit kühnen Kompositionen und experimentellem Einsatz von Farbe -, sondern bildet auch einen reizvollen Bildteppich vom Japan des 19. Jahrhunderts, lange bevor die Industrialisierung über das Reich der aufgehenden Sonne hereinbrach. Diese Ausgabe zeigt das einzige bekannte Exemplar dieser Serie, das fast vollständig aus seltenen Erstdrucken besteht, und lässt so den Bilderzyklus in TASCHENs kompaktem Jubiläumsformat in gebührender Pracht wiederauferstehen.

The Wound-Dresser is one of Walt Whitman's most popular poem, published in 1865 in his collection Drum Taps. It is a personal, graphic, and absolutely moving poem that centres on the theme of nursing the sick and dying and gives a realistic view of war and the unexciting side of what happens to the men who go to the fight it. This poem is extraordinary for its lack of extreme portrayals of pain and suffering. The poem features Whitman's experiences during the Civil War as a volunteer in Washington's hospitals. The Wound Dresser is then, a poem of the Civil War, a poem of our country's history, a poem of the poet's 'specimen interior', a poem based in Washington D.C., and a poem that reviews 'the narrow of the tragedy' that is war. It is a poem of remembering, of memory, of memory reviewed through dream. This is a remarkable collection of articles and letters about Walt Whitman's skills volunteering as a nurse in the Civil War. In the book, there is three articles. The articles tell about his time in the Civil War and many of his experiences with injured soldiers he met.

"A masterpiece—the best work of its kind I have ever read. Crocker's Lee is a Lee for all leaders to study; and to work, quite deliberately, to emulate." — Major General Josiah Bunting III, superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute

Lincoln and California portrays the previously unrecognized ties between President Abraham Lincoln and the Golden State, portraying his key relationships with close friends and personal acquaintances that helped influence the imperiled Union.

Volume III covers the Iberian Empires and the important ethnic dimension of the Ibero-American independence movements, revealing the contrasting dynamics created by the Spanish imperial crisis at home and in the colonies. It bears out the experimental nature of political changes, the shared experiences and contrasts across different areas, and the connections to the revolutionary French Caribbean. The special nature of the emancipatory processes launched in the European metropoles of Spain and Portugal is explored, as are the connections between Spanish America and Brazil, as well as between Brazil and Portuguese Africa. It ends with an assessment of Brazil and how the survival of slavery is shown to have been essential to the new monarchy, although simultaneously, enslaved people began pressing their own demands, just like the indigenous population.

Friedrich Schleiermacher war eine zentrale Figur des geistigen Lebens in Berlin im ersten Drittel des 19. Jahrhunderts und ein wichtiger Protagonist im preußischen Reformprozess. Der Band widmet sich insbesondere dem zweiten Jahrzehnt zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts. Er untersucht Schleiermachers Denken und Wirken in den entscheidenden Jahren während und nach den Befreiungskriegen und konturiert seine Position während des Umbruchs von der Reform zur Restauration in einzelnen Schlaglichtern. Die interdisziplinären Beiträge geben eine historische Analyse des politischen Kontextes, beleuchten das Berliner Stadtleben sowie Schleiermachers berufliche und private Netzwerke, die sich nicht zuletzt aus den an der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften historisch-kritisch edierten Korrespondenz und Tageskalender F. Schleiermachers erschließen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser gesellschaftspolitischen Matrix wird deutlich, wie eng Schleiermachers wissenschaftliche Werke und die Genese seiner wissenschaftlichen Systematik mit seinem konkreten Handeln als Wissenschafts- und Kirchenpolitiker, als Gemeindeleiter und Prediger, aber auch als Freund, Kollege und Familienmensch verzahnt ist.

" This is no doubt a strange book. An attempt to gather a meaning out of a few of the involved, crabbed, and mystical quatrains of the great seer of France, the greatest perhaps that the world has ever seen, must of necessity be strange. My treatment, too, may possibly seem to many no less strange than the subject-matter itself. I will speak specially as to this later point towards the close of the preface. In last December treating upon Nostradamus in the Gentleman's Magazine, I had occasion to remark that every honest man of awakened powers is a kind of prophet, and has to do with the future, or eternity, as it is usually styled. Since then I have come upon the same idea in the writings of Philo Judæus. He thinks that the Scriptures testify in some sort that every good man is a prophet: "For a prophet says nothing of his own, but everything that he says is strange, and prompted by some one else; and it is not lawful for a wicked man to be an interpreter of God, as also no wicked man can be properly said to be inspired; but this statement is only appropriate to the wise man alone, since he alone is a sounding instrument of God's voice."--PHILO, Heiro of Divine things , § 52, Bohn, ii. 146...."