Bøger om Politiske- og socioøkonomiske grupperinger

This text compares the effectiveness of approaches in aiding poverty reduction. The provision of credit and other financial services has become seen as the answer to the problem facing poor people. It emphasizes the importance of studying the local context, and then considering macro-economic factors which may be operating upon the economy.

"This book deconstructs the assumption that global poverty has fallen dramatically, and lays bare the spurious methods of poverty measurement and data on which the dominant prosperity narrative depends. Here is carefully researched documentation that global poverty--and the inequalities and misery that flourish within it--remains massive, afflicting the majority of the world's population. Donnelly goes further to analyze just how global poverty, rather than being reduced, is actually reproduced by the imperatives of capital accumulation on a global scale. Just as the global, environmental catastrophe cannot be resolved within capitalism, rooted as it is in contemporary mechanisms of exploitation and plunder, neither can human poverty be effectively eliminated by neoliberal 'advances'"--

The results of studying a number of co-ordination bodies worldwide are distilled here into suggestions for setting up a field-based NGO co-ordination mechanism. The handbook provides chapters on getting started, the first year, expanding and consolidating, financial security, regional and international perspectives and trouble shooting.

Pakistan has experienced many ups and downs in its Transition since Independence. With changing geostrategic position and foreign Policy options, Pakistan has more inclination towards the Arab countries with Bhutto leading the Front forDemocratic power. Pakistan has suffered badly to Coups owing to weak civilian governments. That is evident that Pakistan has been ruled by Chief Martial Law Administrators (CMLAs) than the elected representatives. Given the former democratic Transition from 2008 to 2013 and from 2013 to 2018, The democracy has got the good stronghold on country's political domain. In above mentioned periods, the Governments of PPP and PML-N completed their tenures and finally, PTI won General Elections 2018 with thumping majority and formed its Governments with coalition partners in Centre as well as in Punjab, KPKP and Baluchistan. Pakistan has been facing various crises such as Energy, Economy, Governance, Agricultural crisis and the most importantly the Security threats by banned organization and Terrorists. This book analyzes the Historical perspective and The challenges will be before new PM Imran Khan. Will he Succeed! Yes, we believe that he will certainly succeed as he has been great Sportsman and the great fighter. He will fight till the last ball. till he wins in a nail-biting contest as Great Cricketer Sidhu was quoted as saying that Imran Khan knows how to change Defeat into Victory and These expectations associated with Imran Khan the 22nd PM of Pakistan.

This outstanding series provides concise and lively introductions to countries such as Senegal and the major development issues they face. Packed full of factual information, photographs and maps, the guides also focus on ordinary people and the impact that historical, economic and environmental issues have on their lives.

Peru: Paths to Poverty traces the background to the present crisis, surveying the historic exploitation of the country's resources for the benefit of foreign capital and the local ruling class. It analyses the promise and limitations of the reformist military government (1968-75) and studies subsequent political developments.

The sustainability of the livelihoods of the poor in low- and middle-income countries is compromised by corruption in the delivery of infrastructure services. Such services include water supply, sanitation, drainage, the provision of access roads and paving, transport, solid waste management, street lighting and community buildings. For this reason, The Water, Engineering Development Centre, (WEDC) at Loughborough University in the UK is conducting research into anti-corruption initiatives in this area of infrastructure services delivery. This series of reports has been produced as part of a project entitled Accountability Arrangements to Combat Corruption, which was initially funded by the Department for International Development (DFID) of the British Government. The purpose of the work is to improve governance through the use of accountability arrangements to combat corruption in the delivery of infrastructure services. These findings, reviews, country case studies, case surveys and practical tools provide evidence of how anti-corruption initiatives in infrastructure delivery can contribute to the improvement of the lives of the urban poor. The main objective of the research is the analysis of corruption in infrastructure delivery. This includes a review of accountability initiatives in infrastructure delivery and the nature of the impact of greater accountability.

This book has been written specifically for practitioners involved in the operation, maintenance and management of piped water distribution systems in urban areas of developing countries. These practitioners include engineers, planners, managers, and water professionals involved in the monitoring, control and rehabilitation of water distribution networks.The book explains in detail how to evaluate the risk of deterioration of the water distribution network of a water supply system. It begins with the conceptualization of risk evaluation and its three different components (hazard, vulnerability and risk). The book further elaborates on each of these three components, explains the methodologies used to estimate the components, and presents the background to the mathematical models. Finally, the book explains how these components are integrated to form a GIS-based decision support system for risk evaluation. The book is designed to help practitioners understand the concept of risk evaluation and supports the manual of the IRA-WDS software, a GIS-based decision support system for risk evaluation.

This booklet is a supplement to the WHO monograph Tools for assessing the O&M status of water supply and sanitation in developing countries which comprises nine tools for measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of operations and maintenance (O&M) of water supply and sanitation services. The WHO tools are: Tool 1: Effectiveness of the O&M management system. Tool 2: Guidelines for an audit of O&M. Tool 3: A framework for assessing the status of O&M. Tool 4: Guidelines on O&M performance evaluation. Tool 5: Guidelines on O&M performance reporting. Tool 6: Guidelines for the selection of performance indicators. Tool 7: Performance indicators for water supply and sanitation. Tool 8: Potential information sources. Tool 9: Participatory information-gathering. Tool 7 suggests performance indicators which are specific to water supply and sanitation; all other tools are generic and apply equally to any other of the urban services. Tool 7A has been produced as a supplement to Tool 7 which provides some indicators in relation to these other urban services. On inspection of Tools 7 and 7A, however, it can be seen that it is relatively straightforward to develop equivalent performance indicators oneself for one's own use. An additional Tool 10 has also been prepared to offer advice on indicators for technical, financial and institutional sustainability.

The main focus of the book is on facilities for families in rural and peri-urban areas of low- and middle-income countries, but many of the approaches and solutions may also be applied in institutional settings, such as schools and hospitals and in emergency situations.

Improving health is one of the main goals of water and environmental sanitation (WES) interventions. Despite this, many aid and development workers may have only a limited knowledge of the infections they try to prevent. Although the relevant information does exist, it is often scattered in specialised literature and rarely finds its way into the field. This manual addresses this problem by presenting information on these infections in relation to the interventions that fieldworkers typically control û i.e: water supply, sanitation, drainage, solid waste management, and vector control. It has been produced primarily for non-medical aid and development workers, but anyone working in WES, or in the prevention of infections related to WES, will find this book useful.

The Andes describes how the Andean people, in order to survive, are turning to their old traditions of mutual aid and are finding ways of working together which may lead them in new directions in their long quest for justice.

Snigdha Poonam traveled through towns in northern India to investigate millennials, who are nothing like their Western counterparts. In a country of exceptional ambition, crushing limitations, and toxic masculinity, she found clickbaiters, scammers, and hucksters, but also strivers and student leaders hungry for change¿a generation of dreamers.

Civil Society and the War on Terror highlights the drastic pressures being placed upon civil society, primarily in the name of northern security concerns. A veritable industry has been created and is being used mainly to oppress and silence dissent. This does not augur well for either democracy or development.

Power and Partnership seeks to contribute to our understanding of capacity-building interventions, drawing out the issues and insights from practice. It also highlights the implications, particularly for Northern NGOs involved in developing strategies for capacity-building, aimed at all development professionals engaged in capacity-building.

Case studies of urban NGOs illuminate the factors necessary for effective NGO performance in the city and define a capacity building agenda for NGOs to realise potential in urban poverty alleviation. This book shows potential for a future where NGOs operate as technically proficient urban development agencies and credible advocates for the poor.

Often overlooked by journalists and scholars, the police forces of the African continents are a significant and little-studied phenomenon. This book seeks to redress that lacuna. The studies span the continent, from South Africa to Sierra Leone, keeping a strong ethnographic focus on police officers and their work.

Mansfield's book examines why drug control - particularly opium bans - have been imposed in Afghanistan; he documents the actors involved; and he scrutinizes how prohibition served divergent and competing interests. Above all this book challenges how we have come to understand political power in rural Afghanistan.

Contemporary African Christianity encompasses at least two profoundly different conceptions of religion, with important implications for development and modernity on the continent

Goes beyond the media stereotype of fashionable parties in North Tehran to examine the quotidian realities of how society has evolved in Iran since the 1979 revolution.

BL Explains why the respect in which the UN is held is not matched by admiration for its practical attempts to safeguard human rights.

La première exploration exhaustive de l'architecture chaotique de l'aide internationale à la santé. En examinant à partir de 1960 jusqu'aux années 2000 la mobilisation autour de cet enjeu, les auteurs passent en revue l'efficacité des politiques d'aide, de même que la prépondérance et la variété des représentations sociopolitiques des donateurs.

As host for the world cup and olympic and paralympic games, Brazil is attracting millions of new tourists. Nationwide protests suggest that, despite the new prosperity the government has not done enough. This book provides an introduction to the country for people who want to know more about the real Brazil than is found in an ordinary guidebook.

A School For Phoujong tells the story of how a couple of veteran Australian journalists developed a project to build a new primary school for a remote and severely impoverished village in northern Laos. Phoujong Village has a population of about 300 mainly ethnic Yao and Hmong people.It has no electricity, just a rudimentary water supply and only primitive sewage facilities.The houses are mainly earthern-floored, with an open-hearth fire in the middle and the village had just one dilapidated hut used as a schoolfor more than thirty children aged from five to twelve, with only one teacher. Its an inspirational story abouthow the new school was funded and then built...over a period of just on eight weeks in early 2015, with several heart-warming consequences, including a new walking aid for a young student crippled by polio and a joint children's art exhibition with Chillingham Primary School in northern New South Wales.

Industrialization in Africa has relied heavily on state institutions of various kinds and on the inflow of foreign capital, especially foreign aid. With particular reference to technology and on the basis of a wide range of case-studies, this book explains how these features of the African experience have jointly contributed not only to the many cases of failure in the public sector, but also to a number of exceptional cases that can be regarded as success stories.

This book examines administrative changes and reforms carried out in the developing nations: it looks at the role of the state, various administrative reforms carried out at the behest of the West but never fully materialized, and events leading to policy failures and administrative mishaps. It is a story of failed developmental goals told through the looking glass of administration and it is about directing, managing, and controlling the means used in and by Third World countries to achieve development. In addition to a history of development administration, this volume includes an analysis of bureaucratic corruption and accountability, the issue of capability building in science and technology transfer, the new challenge of the 1990s - how to achieve environmentally sustainable development in the face of resource constraints and ever-growing public demands and expectations, and a strategy for sustainable development administration as the Third World prepares for the 21st century.

In the last quarter century the Soviet Union and the United States have repeatedly come into conflict in various parts of the third world. During this period the most backward third world countries have sometimes proved susceptible to radical revolution, but the countries well on the way to industrialization have moved away from left-wing economic and political policies. In the longer perspective the West has been winning the struggle for the third world. The changes in those countries have been the subject of intense published debate in the Soviet Union-debate on Marxist concepts of the stages of history, on theories of economic development and revolutionary strategy, and on foreign policy. Jerry F. Hough explores the breakup of the orthodox Stalinist position on these issues and the evolution of free-swinging discussion about them. He suggests that, paradoxically, many of the old Stalinist ideas retain their strongest hold in the United States, which has not fully recognized its victory in the third world and the importance of the West's great economic power. The United States too often assumes that radical regimes will inevitably follow the Soviet path of development and that the nature of a regime determines the nature of its foreign policy. Because of these misperceptions, Hough argues the United States misses many opportunities in the third world. It emphasizes military power, even to the extent of undermining its crucial economic power, and it fails to offer the face-saving gestures that would permit Soviet retreats. Hough presents a prescription for an American policy better suited to the new realities in the third world and to the changing Soviet attitude toward them.