Landskabskunst og landskabsarkitektur

The creation of park systems is a historically proven method for communities to stabilize and cultivate healthy ecological habitats in country dwellings as well as in dense urban areas. Park systems ensure clean soil, water, and air for all. Moreover, they offer intergenerational and inclusive recreational opportunities along ecological corridors. Between 1900 and 1950, civic design-a practice in urban and landscape planning explicitly oriented towards the common good-experienced a heyday. Park systems were successfully used as "green armatures" hosting public facilities such as playgrounds, schools, administrative buildings, hospitals, and gardens. Living Cities offers a chronological survey of civic design based on more than 30 park systems on five continents. The examples range from Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Park an der Ilm in Weimar (1778) and John Nash's Regent Street in London (1806) to Chicago's park system (1850), Albert Bodmer and Maurice Braillard's plans for Geneva (1936), and Frank Lloyd Wright's Taliesin Valley (1947), as well as to contemporary and future projects in Addis Ababa, Madrid, Medellín, New York, and Seoul. Matthew Skjonsberg's book demonstrates the ecological and social impact of park systems and highlights the diverse challenges that communities face when implementing such projects. At the same time, it encourages a reevaluation of civic design as an intergenerational practice for creating human settlements.

Transversal Territory is a laboratory of urban, environmental, and artistic experimentation at the renowned Academy of Architecture in Mendrisio, Switzerland. It undertakes transdisciplinary and participatory research on the relationship between us, our bodies, and our built and natural environments. Its unique approach is to explore experiences of-and reflections on-urban space through performative bodywork and on-site artistic installations. This process aims at transcending the conventional paradigms of perception and the understanding of urban space, and at creating a new imagination of it-an augmented reality. Transversal Territory's innovative research is conducted in annual workshops, in which students and local residents collaborate, and subsequent public presentations of the results. This volume features 20 performances and installations realized in 2022 in Mendrisio's Rime-Brech neighborhood, a typical suburban area with its mix of industrial structures, social housing, shopping malls, fast food outlets, parking lots, wastelands, and highways. It is conceived as a map of Mendrisio that spreads across the pages to recontextualize the genius loci in book format.

Sejong Si (cidade de Sejong), a segunda capital da Coreia do Sul, é uma nova cidade iniciada com o objetivo de cumprir a agenda política nacional de desenvolvimento territorial equilibrado, atenuando a concentração excessiva de instalações públicas e privadas na área metropolitana de Seul (AMS). O plano diretor para a cidade de Sejong foi formulado em 2005 através de um projeto iniciado pelo governo coreano e é digno de nota na medida em que apresenta um novo paradigma de design urbano de construção que reflecte a experiência coreana. Uma das principais características é o desenho em forma de anel da cidade de Sejong (descentralizada e vazia na área central), que a torna estruturalmente distinta de outras cidades modernas com estruturas hierárquicas e simbólicas. Outra caraterística importante é a presença de aproximadamente 20 unidades de vizinhança localizadas de acordo com a estrutura em forma de anel. Isto é consistente com os sistemas de desenvolvimento orientado para o trânsito (TOD) e desenvolvimento tradicional de bairro (TND). O método de desenho urbano baseado nos modelos TOD e TND tem sido eficaz em termos da estrutura urbana descentralizada da cidade de Sejong.

This book introduces a ten-year-long design research project in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China, based on international cooperation studios, design workshops, a Ph.D. thesis, and concrete practice in China, Germany, and the Netherlands. This research adapts the existing methods of Landscape Character Assessment (UK), Historic Cultural Landscape Elements (Germany), and Dutch Polder Typology to mapping, describing, and classifying landscape character areas and types at the three scales of regional, municipal, and local. Furthermore, to connect research with design, we developed a typological approach of generating specific measures for the networked polder landscape. This research bridges the gap of a missing landscape characterization method for the conservation, transformation, and critical reconstruction of historic cultural landscapes in a metropolitan context. The book is intended for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners interested in the topics of cultural landscape in transition, methods for landscape characterization and typology, and a research-by-design approach in interdisciplinary projects of landscape architecture, urbanism, and regional planning.

Die vorliegende Publikation widmet sich Marie-José Van Hees Projekten - von kleinen Interventionen und Möbeln bis zu preisgekrönten öffentlichen Räumen. Neun Schlüsselprojekte werden detailliert betrachtet und diverse Essays und ein Interview bieten einen umfassenden Überblick über ihr Schaffen. Zudem zeigen drei Fotografen Van Hees Architektur aus ihrem jeweils persönlichen Blickwinkel und drei Bauherrschaften berichten von ihrem Leben in ihren eindrucksvollen Häusern. Abgerundet wird die Publikation durch eine kleine Sammlung von Van Hees «schwarzen Zeichnungen», eine Betrachtung der kontextuellen Beziehung zwischen Architektur und Natur sowie eine aktualisierte Projektliste.Neue, überarbeitete Auflage der 2019 in Belgien erschienenen Ausgabe.Marie-José Van Hee (*1950) war 2008 RASAB Fellow und 2017 RIBA International Fellow. Für ihr Schaffen erhielt sie zahlreiche Preise. Zweimal war sie für den Preis der Europäischen Union für zeitgenössische Architektur - Mies van der Rohe Award nominiert und ihr Werk wurde mehrfach ausgestellt.This publication is dedicated to projects by Marie-José Van Hee - from small interventions and furniture to award-winning outdoor spaces. Nine key projects are examined in detail, while various essays and an interview provide a comprehensive overview of her work. Furthermore, three photographers present Van Hee's architecture from their personal perspectives, while three clients report on their lives and their impressive houses. The publication is rounded off by a small selection of Van Hee's "black drawings", affording insight into contextual relationships between architecture and nature, as well as an updated project list.New, revised edition of the volume published in Belgium in 2019.Marie-José Van Hee (born in 1950) became a RASAB Fellow in 2008 and a RIBA International Fellow in 2017. Her work has won numerous awards. She was nominated twice for the European Union Mies van der Rohe Award for contemporary architecture and her work has been the subject of several exhibitions.

Die Publikation Two Lakes ist das Ergebnis einer vergleichenden Betrachtung zweier Kulturräume - Vierwaldstättersee in der Schweiz und Biwa-See in Japan. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen einer fünfjährigen Kooperation, The Culture of Water (2018-2023), zwischen der Hochschule Luzern - Technik & Architektur und dem Kyoto Institute of Technology setzt es sich mit der Architektur der Zukunft auseinander. Anhand von vier Kernthemen - Gefahr, Schönheit, Allmende, Ewigkeit und den entsprechenden Beziehungen zum Wasser - werden zu beiden Regionen und in vergleichender Betrachtung Hypothesen zur Interdependenz zwischen dem Menschen und der von ihm geschaffenen Architektur aufgestellt. Abgerundet wird das Buch durch vertiefende Beiträge, zwei fotografische Essays, ausgewählte Studentenarbeiten und Archivaufnahmen. Diese Publikation erscheint als Sonderausgabe der Reihe Laboratorium.The publication Two Lakes is the result of a comparative study of two cultural regions - Lake Lucerne in Switzerland and Lake Biwa in Japan. Based on the results of a five-year cooperation entitled The Culture of Water (2018-2023) between the Lucerne School of Engineering and Architecture and the Kyoto Institute of Technology, it engages with the architecture of the future. Addressing the core themes of danger, beauty, commons and eternity - and their according relationships to water - it develops hypotheses on both regions with respect to the interdependence between people and the architecture they produce. The book is rounded off by in-depth articles, two photographic essays and archive documents.

Die vorliegende Publikation widmet sich Marie-José Van Hees Projekten - von kleinen Interventionen und Möbeln bis zu preisgekrönten öffentlichen Räumen. Neun Schlüsselprojekte werden detailliert betrachtet und diverse Essays und ein Interview bieten einen umfassenden Überblick über ihr Schaffen. Zudem zeigen drei Fotografen Van Hees Architektur aus ihrem jeweils persönlichen Blickwinkel und drei Bauherrschaften berichten von ihrem Leben in ihren eindrucksvollen Häusern. Abgerundet wird die Publikation durch eine kleine Sammlung von Van Hees «schwarzen Zeichnungen», eine Betrachtung der kontextuellen Beziehung zwischen Architektur und Natur sowie eine aktualisierte Projektliste.Neue, überarbeitete Auflage der 2019 in Belgien erschienenen Ausgabe.Marie-José Van Hee (*1950) war 2008 RASAB Fellow und 2017 RIBA International Fellow. Für ihr Schaffen erhielt sie zahlreiche Preise. Zweimal war sie für den Preis der Europäischen Union für zeitgenössische Architektur - Mies van der Rohe Award nominiert und ihr Werk wurde mehrfach ausgestellt.This publication is dedicated to projects by Marie-José Van Hee - from small interventions and furniture to award-winning outdoor spaces. Nine key projects are examined in detail, while various essays and an interview provide a comprehensive overview of her work. Furthermore, three photographers present Van Hee's architecture from their personal perspectives, while three clients report on their lives and their impressive houses. The publication is rounded off by a small selection of Van Hee's "black drawings", affording insight into contextual relationships between architecture and nature, as well as an updated project list.New, revised edition of the volume published in Belgium in 2019.Marie-José Van Hee (born in 1950) became a RASAB Fellow in 2008 and a RIBA International Fellow in 2017. Her work has won numerous awards. She was nominated twice for the European Union Mies van der Rohe Award for contemporary architecture and her work has been the subject of several exhibitions.

This book takes a theoretical and empirical distance from urban slums/low-income settlements as a threat to environmental sustainability and recast them as places where environmentally rehabilitative and circular practices occur¿drawing on the theoretical lens of the circular economy (CE). CE is defined as regenerative system that minimizes waste, emission, and energy leakage by slowing, closing, and narrowing material and energy loops. In principle, CE departs from the traditional linear model of take-make-use-dispose. As conceived in urban contexts, circular cities offer possibilities to regenerate natural systems, design out waste, and keep products in use. While the CE key principles of reduce, repair, and reuse are essential to the sustainable and inclusive interventions in urban slums, there is lack of case studies exploring the role of place and agency, especially the slum living-CE nexus in global south contexts. In inequitable urban transitions, a nuanced understanding of thesynergies between urban slums and the circular economy is not only theoretically relevant for reconceptualizing the slum in urban sustainability discourses but also exert policy and practice ramifications to decidedly figure out how the urban slum phenomenon can foster the sustainable and inclusive development of marginal areas through contextual and people-centered initiatives.

As central places of human interaction, cities influence the reality of our lives like no other phenomenon. They are in a highly complex, reciprocal relationship with changing environmental, social, political, economic and religious constellations. Accordingly, the demands placed on cities and the ideas associated with them are often subject to highly dynamic change. Especially against the backdrop of increasingly rapid urbanisation, shaping this change is one of today¿s central challenges and it deserves a prominent position in public discourse.The booklet ¿Urban Design¿ aims to show the complexity of this discourse. It invites reflection on the possibilities of designing cities and their impact on the present and the future. To this end, it brings together contributions from very different disciplines, each of which provides their own perspectives on the phenomenon of the city.A basic idea here is that contemporary cities cannot be designed without a deeper understanding of their historical dimension. On a practical level, this entails the (selective) visualisation of the archaeological cultural heritage, with its implications for identity politics. But its is also concerned with the dependence of historical city images on contemporary discourses, for example, religious ideas and their political utilisation or literary imaginations of the urban.Moreover, the booklet also wants to inquire about the direct effects of material urban design on the residents. For instance, design characteristics influence orientation and movement in urban space and thus determine the movement options of handicapped and elderly people. The urban environment also has a direct impact on human health.The extent to which current discourses on environmental problems and climate change are changing the requirements for urban design is exemplified by contributions on the topics of transport and climate-neutral construction. It is to be expected that innovative ideas in these areas, in particular, will change the appearance of the cities of the future in the long term.ContentsPrefaceIntroduction: Urban Design between Past, Present and FutureAnnette HaugArchaeological Heritage in the Historic Urban LandscapeUlrich MüllerUrban Models in Transition: The Roman City in the Levant Region and Its SpacesPatric-Alexander KreuzSacred Design: ¿Holy Cities¿ and ¿City Saints¿ in the Middle AgesAndreas BihrerMental Conceptions of Cities in Literary Texts of the Middle AgesMargit DahmCity, Memory and Orientation: Design Features of an Age-friendly CityAnnika HanertUrban Living and the Rise of Lifestyle Diseases: Lessons from Microbiome ResearchThomas C. G. BoschCAPTN Future: Clean Autonomous Public TransportDirk NowotkaZero Waste ArchitectureSabine SchlüterProgramme, Authorship, Openness: Thoughts on Contemporary Urban DesignVittorio Magnago LampugnaniContributorsFor further readingImprint

Die Beiträge in diesem Buch werfen ein kritisches Licht auf die Ausgestaltung, Verhandlung und Schaffung inklusiver Bedingungen. Die Autor*innen analysieren politische Programme und reflektieren über deren inklusive oder exklusive Auswirkungen in europäischen und außereuropäischen Kontexten. Trotz dieser globalen Effekte, die durch überlokal getroffene Entscheidungen zustande kommen und die Handlungsspielräume vor Ort beeinflussen, betonen viele Beiträge die maßgebliche Rolle der kommunalen Ebene für eine erfolgreiche Umsetzung von Inklusion.

This book provides new information to understand the relationship between urban development and environmental change to the reader. How to create a sustainable and livable urban environment and realize the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the United Nations (UN) is one of the biggest challenges in this century, even in the next centuries. The covered subject areas of this book aim at finding a way to push SDGs forward by collecting the related knowledge between urban development and its environmental implication. Specifically, the book focuses on UN SDGs 9 (industry, innovation and infrastructure), 11 (sustainable cities and communities), and 13 (climate action). Regarding the SDGs 9, this book assesses urban population mobility, urban ecosystem services, and green infrastructure to address climate change in cities. Regarding the SDGs 11, this book explores the sustainability of urban landscape change associated with urbanization based on a multi-scale perspective. Regarding the SDGs 13, this book explores the issues affecting the development of healthy cities in the context of climate change and possible ways to address them.This book focuses on newer fields related to various forms of urbanization and urban climate. Under different urbanization and development scenarios, the city and built environment are facing new challenges and become a major concern. Better understandings of related physical laws and sustainable technologies are badly needed. This book is a good reference to urban planners, city officials, citizens who are concerned about the city environment, and policymakers, as well as students studying urban structure and environment.

Countering the phenomenon of sprawl in the often anonymous or chaotic urban periphery, the Oassis neighborhood in Lausanne takes a unique approach based on urbanity and hybridization. Located on a former industrial wasteland in the west of the city, Oassis reflects the compositional principles of the traditional city, while also engaging in the dynamics of ecological transition and climate resilience. This 'urban fragment' is both an urban fabric, compatible with future developments in the neighborhood, and an architectural object characterized by urbanity. The contemporary challenges of regenerating suburban areas are addressed here through diverse development programs and a profusion of gardens. Skilful combination of economic, ecological and social factors with high-quality architecture With unpublished documents and specially commissioned photographs

The garden as inspiration The garden embodies a condensed version of nature, just as, in Japanese philosophy, the entire world is thought to be reflected in a single dewdrop. This notion may be the inspiration for the Swiss imitation of Japanese gardens in the 20th century, the impetus for the incorporation of Japanese design elements more generally, and the conversion principle from alpine landscapes to Japanese stone gardens. Taking ten Swiss landscape architecture studios as examples, the author illustrates how they drew inspiration from miniaturized gardens (bonsai), borrowed scenery (shakkei), succumbed to the allure of the imperfect (wabi-sabi), and captured the spirit of Zen Buddhism. This book reveals parallels to the assimilation of Chinese influences in Japan and situates the phenomenon within the general reception of Japan in the West. Attractive and previously unpublished visual materials Well-researched content presented in a clear and appealing manner Japanophilia in Swiss landscape architecture with a photoessay by Martin Linsi

What if urban planning and design were to prioritize rather than merely accommodate the unbuilt environment? Territorial Urbanism Now! calls for a paradigm shift in the conception of urban transformation. It urges us to favor sustainable systems in order to collectively tackle the challenges of climate change. Until now, urban planning and design professionals have integrated green and active mobility systems in the residual spaces available. In the reverse approach envisioned here, these systems become structuring elements of the territory, supported by a much more frugal built environment. The contributions by urbanists, artists, architects, and landscape architects in this publication come from research, practice, and teaching. Paola Viganò, Eric Luiten, Sandra Guinand-in conversation with Ali Madanipour, Chris Younès, Christian Schmid, Eric Wieërs, and Maarten Van Acker-Stefan Rettich, Tommaso Pietropolli, Elena Andonova, Julio de la Fuente, Natalia Gutiérrez, Ward Verbakel, Claudia Bode, Philipp Misselwitz, Davide Curatola Soprana, Beatrice Galimberti, Lilli Licka, Hannes Gröblacher, Johannes Bernsteiner, Stefan Devoldere, Anselm Wagner, Susanne Eliasson, Eva Pfannes, Jesse Honsa, and Stefan Bendiks not only introduce a much-needed paradigm shift, but also show us the premises for its realization.

In an age of glossy architectural visualizations and slick photography, today's media is saturated with images of projects mummified in their ideal, untouched, and unused state. Every design and technical publication on landscape architecture tries to teach us how to do things based on best practices. Rarely do we see a landscape project that has been in use for five or even ten years. To counterbalance this status quo, it is time to review and scrutinize the Sh*tscapes : typical mistakes in the design of our public realm. This publication is a compendium of a hundred failures made in the design, construction, or maintenance processes of urban landscapes. Looking at these unsuccessful examples, the authors propose simple and practical solutions aimed at preventing common mistakes, predicting future scenarios, and averting or accepting failures.

WohnWissen: 100 Begriffe des Wohnens widmet sich einer der vielschichtigsten Debatten unserer Zeit: der Wohnungs- und Bodenfrage. In kurzen, prägnanten Texten zahlreicher Expert*innen werden Schlüsselbegriffe rund um das Thema Wohnen erläutert. Ob Grundbegriffe wie Einfamilienhaus, Leerstand und Einsamkeit oder Fachtermini wie Innenentwicklungsdilemma und Neue Wohngemeinnützigkeit: Das interdisziplinäre Glossar adressiert Fachdiskurse, politische Debatten und unterschiedliche Wohnbedürfnisse und blickt dabei auch auf bisher wenig behandelte Themenfelder. So eröffnet WohnWissen einen multiperspektivischen Blick auf das Thema Wohnen als Grundbedürfnis.

Verbessern Pflanzen das Stadtklima? Wie kann Grün in der Architektur die urbane Hitzebildung reduzieren, die Feinstaubbildung vermindern, den städtischen Lärmpegel senken und das Wohlbefinden der Menschen steigern? Das Handbuch zum Gebäudegrün richtet sich an die Bürgerschaft ebenso wie an Architekten und Bauherrn. Es liefert Antworten auf die am häufigsten gestellten Fragen - von der Bestandsbegrünung bis zur Neubaubegrünung, von Einsparungen durch Gebäudegrün bis zu finanziellen Förderungen und von praktischen Tipps zur Pflanzenwahl bis zu ökologischen Auswirkungen auf das Stadtklima. Es ist an der Zeit - und viele Beispiele in Deutschland und weltweit zeigen, dass Grünbauten möglich und wachsende Realität sind.

After its careful renovation by David Chipperfield Architects, the ballroom Hasenheide 13 will serve as an exhibition venue for the Sammlung Wemhöner from 2025 onwards. Reason enough to review the eventful and lively history of the place in order to respectfully continue its history as a meeting place: a history that already began before the construction of the ballroom at the end of the nineteenth century, and in a certain way also exemplarily reflects the development of Berlin over the past 150 years. This publication invites you to follow Lothar Uebel's research and embark on a voyage of discovery that tells of fascinating episodes of an institution that deserves to continue to be a witness to Berlin's constantly changing face. Monograph on a famous Berlin ballroom soon to be remodeled by David Chipperfield Architects and turned into an arts venue Extensive historic images, contemporary book design

The new Prater Museum - the exhibition publication At the center of the Wurstelprater amusement park, on the site of a former amusement arcade, the new Prater Museum, one of Vienna's first public buildings to be constructed in wood, opens in 2024. The role of the Prater park as a traditional place of leisure and amusement is a special focus of the Wien Museum. In addition to original objects - including carousel figures, parts of a ghost train, early slot machines, and Punch and Judy figures - the Prater collection includes plans, models, photographs, admission tickets, program booklets, posters, and works of art. This book introduces the highlights of the more than 300 objects in the new Prater Museum. It deals with the big issues of modern life: the relationship between nature and city; man and animal; modern technology and the human body. The catalog for the exhibition of the new Prater Museum of the Wien Museum, Vienna Published together with the essay collection entitled Der Wiener Prater. Labor der Moderne to mark the opening of the new Vienna Prater Museum in March 2024 With numerous large-format illustrations

Der Wiener Prater - ein Stück Stadtgeschichte im Spiegel der Zeit Wie kein anderer Ort repräsentiert der Prater die Geschichte Wiens und den Weg zur modernen Großstadt. Die Öffnung 1766 unter Kaiser Joseph II. markierte den Beginn einer neuen Zeit: Von nun an stand das kaiserliche Jagdgebiet allen Wiener:innen zur Erholung und zum Vergnügen offen, für Spaziergänge, Musikdarbietungen sowie Essen, Trinken und Tanz. Von optischen Apparaturen über Fußball, Ballonflug und Mondrakete bis zu Maiaufmarsch und Blumenkorso wurden hier alle Novitäten erstmals einem großen Publikum vorgestellt; im Wurstelprater, in Theatern, Kinos, Varietés, Zoos, Zirkussen, auf der Weltausstellung 1873, im Vivarium, im Planetarium oder im Stadion. Im Prater verdichten sich die großen Themen des modernen Lebens - das Verhältnis von Natur und Stadt, Mensch und Tier, moderner Technik und menschlichem Körper. Fundierte Beiträge zu mehr als 250 Jahren Stadtgeschichte: "Der Prater und die Stadt", "Natur und Technik", "Körper und Lust", "Großes Theater" Mit Beiträgen von mehr als 40 namhaften Autor:innen Mit zahlreichen Abbildungen und Bildstrecken Mit Beiträgen von: Thorsten Blume, Susanne Breuss, Andreas Brunner, Ingrid Erb, Brigitte Felderer, Michael Feuchtinger, Wolfgang Fichna, Helmuth Figdor, Alys George, Bernhard Hachleitner, Tobias Hofbauer, Severin Hohensinner, Martin Huber, Anna Jungmayr, Christian Klösch, Sarah Knoll, Claudia Koch, Thomas Macho, Wolfgang Maderthaner, Sabine Müller, Andreas Nierhaus, Klaus Nüchtern, Martina Nußbaumer, Vrääth Öhner, Eva-Maria Orosz, Olaf Osten, Peter Payer, Birgit Peter, Sarah Pichlkastner, Stefan Poser, Béla Rásky, Tabea Rude, Martin Scheutz, Werner Michael Schwarz, Georg Spitaler, Ursula Storch, Christine Strahner, Alina Strmljan, Ernst Strouhal, Manuel Swatek, Klaus Taschwer, Katalin Teller, Gernot Waldner, Elsbeth Wallnöfer, Michael Wallraff, Elke Wikidal, Susanne Winkler, Marie Yazdanpanah, Susana Zapke

Die strategische Planung, die Ende der 80er Jahre auf den städtischen Bereich übertragen wurde, hat die Entwicklung der Raum- und Gebietsplanung sowohl im französischen System, das durch die Dezentralisierung Anfang der 80er Jahre gekennzeichnet ist, als auch im italienischen Regionalsystem, das seit Ende der 40er Jahre umgesetzt wird, tiefgreifend geprägt. In Frankreich wurden mit dem SRU-Gesetz aus dem Jahr 2000 das Konzept des städtischen Projekts und neue Planungsinstrumente eingeführt, die die Verbindungen zwischen den Planungsebenen der Agglomerationen und der Gemeinden völlig neu gestalten und für mehr Flexibilität sorgen. In Italien, wo die Regionen in Fragen der Stadtplanung gesetzgeberisch unabhängig sind, trennt das Regionalgesetz 36/1997 den strategischen Teil der Pläne von dem eher programmatischen und operativen Teil auf den drei Planungsebenen (Regional-, Provinz- und Gemeindeebene) und schafft neue Beziehungen zwischen ihnen. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, die Rolle der strategischen Planung und ihr Verhältnis zur traditionellen Raumplanung anhand von Vergleichen zwischen den Beispielen Marseille und Genua zu überprüfen.

La planification stratégique, transférée au domaine urbain à la fin des années 80, a profondément marqué l'évolution de la planification spatiale et territoriale, tant dans le système français, marqué par la décentralisation au début des années 80, que dans le système régional italien mis en place depuis la fin des années 40. En France, la loi SRU de 2000 introduit le concept de projet urbain et de nouveaux instruments de planification, remodelant complètement les articulations entre les échelles de planification des agglomérations et des communes, en introduisant plus de flexibilité. En Italie, où les régions disposent d'une autonomie législative en matière d'urbanisme, la loi régionale 36/1997 dissocie la partie stratégique des plans de la partie plus programmatique et opérationnelle aux trois niveaux de planification (régional, provincial et communal) et crée de nouvelles relations entre eux. L'objectif de cette recherche est de vérifier le rôle de la planification stratégique et sa relation avec l'aménagement du territoire traditionnel, en comparant les cas exemplaires de Marseille et de Gênes.

Strategicheskoe planirowanie, perenesennoe w gorodskuü sferu w konce 80-h godow, okazalo glubokoe wliqnie na äwolüciü prostranstwennogo i territorial'nogo planirowaniq kak wo francuzskoj sisteme, harakterizuüschejsq decentralizaciej w nachale 80-h godow, tak i w ital'qnskoj regional'noj sisteme, realizuemoj s konca 40-h godow. Vo Francii zakon SRU 2000 g. wwodit ponqtie gorodskogo proekta i nowye instrumenty planirowaniq, polnost'ü izmenqq sootnoshenie mezhdu masshtabami planirowaniq aglomeracij i kommun i obespechiwaq bol'shuü gibkost'. V Italii, gde regiony obladaüt zakonodatel'noj nezawisimost'ü w woprosah gorodskogo planirowaniq, regional'nyj zakon 36/1997 otdelqet strategicheskuü chast' planow ot bolee programmnoj i operatiwnoj chasti na treh urownqh planirowaniq (regional'nom, prowincial'nom i kommunal'nom) i sozdaet nowye otnosheniq mezhdu nimi. Cel' dannogo issledowaniq - prowerit' rol' strategicheskogo planirowaniq i ego wzaimoswqz' s tradicionnym territorial'nym planirowaniem na osnowe srawneniq pokazatel'nyh primerow Marselq i Genui.

Strategic planning, transferred to the urban domain at the end of the 80s, has profoundly marked the evolution of spatial and territorial planning, both in the French system, marked by decentralisation at the beginning of the 80s, and in the Italian regional system implemented since the end of the 40s. In France, the SRU law of 2000 introduces the concept of the urban project and new planning instruments, completely remodelling the articulations between the planning scales of agglomerations and communes, introducing more flexibility. In Italy, where the regions have legislative independence in urban planning matters, regional law 36/1997 dissociates the strategic part within the plans from the more programmatic and operational part at the three levels of planning (regional, provincial and communal) and creates new relationships between them. The aim of this research is to verify the role of strategic planning and its relationship with traditional spatial planning, based on comparisons of the exemplary cases of Marseille and Genoa.