Litteraturstudier: fra 1800 til 1900

"An in-depth exploration and reappraisal of the 1860s in British literature, featuring chapters by a wide range of scholars on characteristic literary genres and themes. Thematic chapters range from empire and slavery to evolution, economics, and the environment. The Introduction limns historical as well as current scholarly context"--

Voici la première étude française consacrée à un auteur méconnu et pourtant essentiel pour comprendre la littérature américaine de ce premier xixe siècle. À travers son écriture singulière, John Neal, prenant son contemporain James Fenimore Cooper pour anti-modèle, ambitionne de réformer la littérature américaine, afin de satisfaire au besoin naissant d¿indépendance et de renouveau national. Dans une certaine tradition américaine, la frontière est moins une limite territoriale qüun seuil dynamique, un locus americanus, lieu de tous les possibles. Et c¿est bien en ce sens que le romancier du Maine, homme des transgressions, homme de l¿entre-deux, écrit « à la frontière » : entre littérature et engagement, entre la scène et la chaire, le masculin et le féminin, l¿Indien et le Blanc, sa prose hésite, souvent. Il conviendra en somme d¿analyser au plus près cette fabrique alternative de littérarité qüest l¿écriture nealienne, dans l¿incertitude des commencements, lorsque l¿expression du « génie national » prétend s¿instaurer en critère de jugement et faire table rase des modèles d¿importation.

This book builds upon recent theoretical approaches that define queerness as more of a temporal orientation than a sexual one to explore how Edgar Allan Poe's literary works were frequently invested in imagining lives that contemporary readers can understand as queer, as they stray outside of or aggressively reject normative life paths, including heterosexual romance, marriage, and reproduction, and emphasize individuals' present desires over future plans. The book's analysis of many of Poe's best-known works, including "e;The Raven,"e; "e;The Fall of the House of Usher,"e; "e;The Black Cat,"e; "e;The Masque of the Red Death,"e; and "e;The Murders in the Rue Morgue,"e; show that his attraction to the liberation of queerness is accompanied by demonstrations of extreme anxiety about the potentially terrifying consequences of non-normative choices. While Poe never resolved the conflicts in his thinking, this book argues that this compelling imaginative tension between queerness and temporal normativity is crucial to understanding his canon.

"Matthew Leporati examines the explosive Romantic revival of epic alongside the contemporary revival of missionary activity. His study contributes to charged political debates around British imperialism. This title is part of the Flip it Open Programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details"--

This new study provides fresh readings of Thomas Hardy¿s work and illuminates the social and cultural history of dress in the nineteenth century. The book argues that Hardy had a more detailed and acute understanding of the importance of dress in forming and regulating personal identity and social relations than any other writer of his time. Structured thematically, it takes into account both nineteenth-century and modern theoretical approaches to the significance of what we wear.The author gives an extended analysis of individual works by Hardy, showing, for example, that A Pair of Blue Eyes is central to the study of the function of clothing in the expression and perception of sexuality. The Hand of Ethelberta, The Mayor of Casterbridge, Tess of the d¿Urbervilles and The Woodlanders are examined in order to show the extent to which dress obscures or reveals the nature of the self. Hardy¿s other novels, as well as the short stories and poems, are used to confirm the centrality of dress and clothing in Hardy¿s work. The book also raises issues such as the gendering of dress, cross-dressing, work clothes and working with clothes, dress and the environment, the symbolism of colour in clothes, and the dress conventions relating to death.

Consistent Democracy offers an intellectual history of democracy and the so-called woman question from the 1830s through the 1890s. It shows that in asking and answering questions about women's roles, responsibilities, and rights, Americans grappled with fundamental ideas about democracy.

The period from the 1850s to the 1890s in Paris marked a key turning point for poets and composers, as they grappled with the new ways in which poetry and music could intersect. Under the particular conditions of the time and place, both art forms underwent significant developments which challenged the status of each form. In both creative and critical work from this era, poets and composers offered tantalising but problematic insights into «musical» poetry and «poetic» music.The central issue examined in this book is that of what happens to poetry when it encounters music, especially as song. The author places Baudelaire¿s famous sonnet «La Mort des amants» at the heart of the analysis, tracing its transposition into song by a succession of both amateur and professional composers, examining works by Villiers de l¿Isle-Adam, Serpette, Rollinat, Debussy and Charpentier, as well as an extraordinary parodic song version by Valade and Verlaine.A companion website offers recordings of each of the songs analysed in this book.

The French in Macao in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries: Literary, Cultural, and Historical Perspectives investigates the role that Macao played as a meeting place of the East and the West during this period of time and its decline as a Portuguese colony in the eyes of the Europeans. The book provides a comprehensive view of representations of Macao as portrayed by the French. These texts in French have been studied less than Chinese or Portuguese texts on Macao. Overall, the book contributes to the study of colonial history, cultural studies, and China in the late Qing dynasty.

Ausgehend von der Rolle der Technologie in der heutigen Gesellschaft und der Effekte, die sie auf die Entwicklungen der Individuen hat, widmet sich dieser Band dem Verhältnis von Natur und Künstlichkeit im Rahmen literarischer Schaffensprozesse. Mit dem Ziel, dem Problem des Künstlichen theoretisch näher zu kommen, geht der vorliegende Band dem Wechselverhältnis von Natur und Kunst in der Literatur nach und spannt dabei einen weiten Bogen, der von Heinrich von Kleist bis Martin Mosebach reicht, über Robert Musil, Max Bense und viele andere. Etablierte und junge WissenschaftlerInnen gehen gemeinsam der Frage nach, wie Künstlichkeit im Kunstwerk und im Verhältnis zur Natur zu fassen ist und zeigen neue Perspektiven und Zugänge auf, die gerade im Hinblick auf die zunehmend digitalisierten Gesellschaften von großer Relevanz sind. Der Aufbruch der starren Gegensätzlichkeit zwischen Natur und Künstlichkeit, das Umdenken ihres Verhältnisses sowie eine positive Konnotation des Künstlichkeitsbegriffs eröffnen Denkszenarien, die sich auch für zukünftige Studien als wegweisend herausstellen werden.

Wie werden Gerüche der Natur in der deutschsprachigen Literatur inszeniert? Die Studie von Frank Krause arbeitet den Wandel dieser wichtigen Motive anhand literarischer Werke von der Aufklärung bis zur Gegenwart heraus. Seine Übersicht über epochentypische Spielarten berücksichtigt namenhafte Autorinnen und Autoren der Literaturgeschichte wie Brockes, Kleist, Klopstock, Wieland, Goethe, Eichendorff, Hoffmann, Keller, Hesse, Bobrowski und Handke bis hin zu Rothmann. Dabei schlägt Krause einen spannenden Bogen von Brockes' "Balsam=volle[m] Frühlings=Duft" zu Marion Poschmanns "Moos-Odem" und "Harzgeruch" über der Autobahn. Krauses Beispiele und Analysen belegen, dass in der Geschichte von Darstellungen des Riechens als sinnlicher Welterschließung der Glaube an religiöse, metaphysische oder kosmische Kräfte eine zentrale Rolle spielt. Zusammenfassend hält Krause fest: "Seit der Aufklärung inszeniert ein gewichtiger Zweig der deutschsprachigen Literatur das Riechen in der Natur als affektiven Höhepunkt sakraler ästhetischer Erfahrungen. Bis zum Sturm und Drang intensivieren einschlägige Gerüche den sinnlichen Genuss einer liebesethisch bedeutsamen Natur, deren heilige Düfte in Spätaufklärung und Klassik als schwärmerische Illusion entlarvt werden. Von der Romantik bis zum Expressionismus steckt das gläubige Riechen in der Natur die Spielräume einer autonomen poetischen Selbstaktualisierung ab, während der Realismus sakrale Atmosphären oft ironisch inszeniert. Seit der Neuen Sachlichkeit wittern Gläubige den Zauber natürlicher Formen, deren Eigensinn in menschlichen Ansprüchen nicht aufgeht; in der Gegenwartsliteratur zeigt sich dieser Geruch auch inmitten des beschädigten Lebens." Mit seiner Studie schließt Frank Krause eine Lücke in der Literaturgeschichtsschreibung.

The Sin of Writing and the Rise of Modern Hebrew Literature contends that the processes of enlightenment, modernization, and secularization in nineteenth-century Eastern European Jewish society were marked not by a reading revolution but rather by a writing revolution, that is, by a revolutionary change in this society's attitude toward writing. Combining socio-cultural history and literary studies and drawing on a large corpus of autobiographies, memoirs, and literary works of the period, the book sets out to explain the curious absence of writing skills and Hebrew grammar from the curriculum of the traditional Jewish education system in Eastern Europe. It shows that traditional Jewish society maintained a conspicuously oral literacy culture, colored by fears of writing and suspicions toward publication. It is against this background that the young yeshiva students undergoing enlightenment started to ¿sin by writing,¿ turning writing and publication in Hebrew into the cornerstone of their constitution as autonomous, enlightened, male Jewish subjects, and setting the foundations for the rise of modern Hebrew literature.

The novels of Henry James are filled with ghosts, but most of them escape dramatic treatment. These elusive specters are the voices of precursors that haunt his narratives, compromising their constitutive freedom. The Strange Freedom is an examination of the ways James's fiction is prepossessed by some major voices of the English literary tradition: those of Shakespeare, Richardson, Fielding, Gibbon, Thackeray, and Dickens. This subtextual arrogation sets constrains to the unfolding, in James's narratives, of liberal and romantic freedom-it places limits both to the absolute exemptions of aesthetic interest and to radical Bohemian abandon. But these constrains and limits can be regarded, dialectically, as the enabling conditions of the very liberty they imperil. Drawing on recent research on the spectral dynamics and indirections of literary influence by scholars like Adrian Poole, Philip Horne, Nicola Bradbury, Tamara Follini, and Peter Rawlings, but also on earlier deconstructive work by John Carlos Rowe, Prepossessing Henry James offers a speculative account of the way James is simultaneously resourced and restrained by his sources. Along the way, we discover how Hamlet's ghost instills in James a fantasy of mental autonomy, or how he adapts Gibbon's Enlightened narrative to inhibit civic liberty with images of female sacrifice. We see the governess in The Turn of the Screw possessed by the specter of Richardson's Pamela, exposing social freedoms with liberal brutality. We encounter Gray, in The Ivory Tower, striving to obtain personal freedom by repressing Dickensian "figures, monstruous, fantastic." And, finally, we recognize how much The Ambassadors owes to the ambiguous manner of Thackeray.

Drawing on a range of sources, this book explores the historical relationship between sea animals and humans, demonstrating that far from being an age-old fear with its origins among seafarers, the conception of the giant squid as deep-sea monster evolved as a product of Enlightenment thinking in the work of zoologists and popular writers.

This Pivot engages with current debates about anthropocentrism and the Anthropocene to propose a reappraisal of the realist novel in the second half of the nineteenth century. Through three case studies, it argues for ¿human tissue¿ as a conceptual tool for reading that brings together biology, literature and questions of layering. This new approach is shown to be especially salient to the Victorian period, when the application of ¿tissue¿ to biology first emerges. The book is distinctive in bringing together theoretical concerns around realism and the Anthropocene ¿ two major topics in literary criticism ¿ and presenting a new methodology to approach this conjunction, demonstrated through original readings of Charles Kingsley, George Eliot, and Emile Zola and two English-language writers he influenced (George Moore and Vernon Lee).

Medicine and Mobility in Nineteenth-Century British Literature, History, and Culture analyses the cultural and literary histories of medicine and mobility as entangled processes whose discourses and practices constituted, influenced, and transformed each other. Presenting case studies of novels, poetry, travel narratives, diaries, ship magazines, skin care manuals, asylum records, press reports, and various other sources, its chapters identify and discuss diverse literary, historical, and cultural texts, contexts, and modes in which medicine and mobility intersected in nineteenth-century Britain, its empire, and beyond, whereby they illustrate how the paradigms of mobility studies and the medical humanities can complement each other.

"This is the first book to establish how classical antiquity and the study of the Bible together formed Victorian ideas of the past, and consequently informed the very construction of modernity. Its multidisciplinary approach will be valuable to scholars and graduate students in numerous disciplines across the arts and humanities"--

The Urban Fantastic in Nineteenth-Century European Literature explores transnational perspectives of modern city life in Europe by engaging with the fantastic tropes and metaphors used by writers of short fiction. Focusing on the literary city and literary representations of urban experience throughout the nineteenth century, the works discussed incorporate supernatural occurrences in a European city and the supernatural of these stories stems from and belongs to the city. The argument is structured around three primary themes. ¿Architectures¿, ¿Encounters¿ and ¿Rhythms¿ make reference to three axes of city life: material space, human encounters, and movement. This thematic approach highlights cultural continuities and thus supports the use of the label of ¿urban fantastic¿ within and across the European traditions studied here.

"Gottfried Kellers Wissen" erscheint als vierter Band der Serie "Gottfried Kellers Moderne". Kellers Texte akkumulieren, transformieren und generieren Wissen. Seine literarische Epistemologie lässt sich anhand der Dinge, die sie sich zum Gegenstand macht, der Diskurse, an denen sie partizipiert, sowie der Praktiken, auf die sie zurückgreift, ausloten. Bisweilen verhandeln Kellers Texte bestimmte Theoreme und epistemische Umbrüche. Zugleich erkunden sie aber immer auch solche Wissensbereiche, die mit und in der modernen Literatur überhaupt erst entstehen, insbesondere die der Anthropologie wie der Psychologie.Der Band leistet einen Beitrag zur internationalen Keller-Forschung, zur Erforschung des Poetischen Realismus und der klassischen Moderne. Er adressiert vor allem Forschende und Studierende, die neue Weg zu Autor und Werk suchen.

Realism seems to be everywhere, both as a trending critical term and as a revitalized aesthetic practice. This volume brings together for the first time three aspects that are pertinent for a proper understanding of realism: its 19th-century aesthetics committed to making reality into an object of serious art; the experiments with and against realism by 20th-century modernist, postmodernist, or magical realist writing; and the politics of realism, especially its ambitions to map the complex realities produced by global capitalism and climate catastrophe. This juxtaposition of aesthetics, experiments, and politics unsettles the entrenched opposition between realism and experimental literature that tends to ignore the fact that realism, by virtue of its commitment to a changing material and social world, cannot be but continuously experimenting.The innovative chapters of this book address some of the pressing questions of literary and cultural studies today, like the complex relation between historical materialism and new materialisms, between science and art, or the different aesthetic and political affordances of making systemic analyses against depicting the specificity of the local. Some of the chapters deal with classically realist authors, such as George Eliot, Émile Zola, and Joseph Conrad, to gauge the aesthetic radicalism of their diverse realist projects. Others investigate the experimental engagements with realism by authors such as B.S. Johnson, J.M. Coetzee, or Rachel Cusk. Yet others, analyze the politics of realism found in contemporary anglophone novels by writers like Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, David Mitchell, or Rohinton Mistry. The readings assembled here are a testament to the diversity of literary realism(s) from the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries, and to the ongoing controversies surrounding definitions and deployments of "realism."