Kognitiv videnskab

Die hier als Edition vorgelegten Briefe Ella Wengers offenbaren praktisch alle Facetten, die das Leben jüdischer Bürger:innen in Wien unter den Bedingungen des Nationalsozialismus in den Jahren zwischen Anschluss (1938) und dem Beginn der 'Endlösung' 1942 ausgemacht haben: Ausgrenzung und Drangsalierung, Diskriminierung und Entrechtung, den Verlust von Arbeit, Eigentum und Wohnung, das Zusammendrängen auf immer weniger Wohnraum, Verzweiflung und Suizid, schließlich die Deportationen; aber auch die Bemühungen um Selbstbehauptung und Flucht.Die Nachrichten der rund 70-jährigen Frau an ihre emigrierte Familie zeigen, wie das Leben der jüdischen Bevölkerung Wiens zunehmend abgeschnürt wurde; sie zeigen aber auch den Mut und die Lebensbejahung, mit der sich die Schreiberin gegen die immer hoffnungslosere Lage stemmt. Ihre Funktion als Drehscheibe von Auskünften, als Maklerin zwischen Emigrierten, denen, die auf dem Sprung waren, und jenen, die zurückblieben, war mehr als familiäre Fürsorge - es war der Versuch, Reste der materiellen Lebensgrundlage zu retten, Informationen zu vermitteln, Beziehungen zu aktivieren und soziale Kontakte zu erhalten. Die Welt, die sie beschreibt, geht weit über die Beziehung von Mutter und Tochter hinaus: Weil die Nationalsozialisten den Alltag politisierten, wurde das Alltägliche politisch. Familiäre Fürsorge und politisches Tun verschmolzen, mitunter bis zur Ununterscheidbarkeit.

The romance of extraction underlies and partly defines Western modernity and our cultural imaginaries. Combining affect studies and environmental humanities, this volume analyzes societies' devotion to extraction and fossil resources. This devotion is shaped by a nostalgic view on settler colonialism as well as by contemporary »affective economies« (Sara Ahmed). The contributors examine the links between forms of extractivism and gendered discourses of sentimentality and the ways in which cultural narratives and practices deploy the sentimental mode (in plots of attachment, sacrifice, and suffering) to promote or challenge extractivism.

Science Book Prize-winning science writer Philip Ball explores the diversity of thinking minds, from the variety of human minds to those of mammals, insects, computers and plants, in a book that brilliantly illuminates how many different ways there are to think and engage with the world; and how particular are our own.

Die neue Reihe Ideen&Argumente ist dem Ideal einer pluralistischen und offenen Argumentationskultur verpflichtet und prasentiert in solider Ausstattung Themen und Fragestellungen, die inhaltlich oder methodisch wichtige Beitrage zur zeitgenossischen Philosophie leisten. Die Publikationen sollen die Vorzuge angelsachsischer und kontinentaler Philosophietraditionen in ein produktives Zusammenspiel bringen. Herausragende, systematisch ausgerichtete Originalausgaben und deutsche Erstausgaben aus allen Teilgebieten der Theoretischen und Praktischen Philosophie finden in Ideen&Argumente ihren Platz. Willkommen sind programmatische Monographien jeglicher philosophischer Provenienz. Es gilt, die zeitgenossische Philosophie in ihrer thematischen und methodischen Vielfalt neu zur Geltung zu bringen.

For more than 40 years, hardcore and punk have promised to offer an alternative to what is perceived as the norm and the mainstream. Hardcore Research: Punk, Practice, Politics provides a comprehensive insight into some of the most active, outspoken, and widely received scholarly positions in the academic discourses on hardcore and punk and combines them with a variety of new and emerging voices. The book brings together scholars with personal ties to past and present hardcore and punk scenes, who present both insightful and critical examinations of the rich and varied histories of this subcultural phenomenon and its current reverberations at the intersection of cultural practice and academic research.

The American cultural imaginary is hungry for death, and thus representations of death are prominently repeated and serialized in US literature and media. Stella Castelli shows how American culture fetishizes death as part of a repetition compulsion which stems from the inability of language to satisfactorily grasp death. Taking an intermedial approach, she investigates the forms and tropes born from this preoccupation with death and conceptualizes its imagination alongside an appetite which manifests as repetitive encoding. These metaphors of food consumption provide a hermeneutic framing for analyzing representations of death across American literature and media.

What role can the humanities play in shaping our common future? What are the values that guide us in the 21st century? How can we unleash the potential the humanities offer in a time of multiple crises? This volume tackles some of these fundamental questions, acknowledging and developing the changing role of academic discourse in a turbulent world. This timely book argues that the humanities engender conceptual tools that are capable of reconciling theory and practice. In a bold move, we call for the humanities to reach beyond the confines of universities and engage in the most urgent debates facing humanity today - in a multidisciplinary, transformative, and constructive way. This is a blueprint for how societal change can be inclusive and equitable for the good of humans and non-humans alike.

In this open access book, Carlos Montemayor illuminates the development of artificial intelligence (AI) by examining our drive to live a dignified life.He uses the notions of agency and attention to consider our pursuit of what is important. His method shows how the best way to guarantee value alignment between humans and potentially intelligent machines is through attention routines that satisfy similar needs. Setting out a theoretical framework for AI Montemayor acknowledges its legal, moral, and political implications and takes into account how epistemic agency differs from moral agency.Through his insightful comparisons between human and animal intelligence, Montemayor makes it clear why adopting a need-based attention approach justifies a humanitarian framework. This is an urgent, timely argument for developing AI technologies based on international human rights agreements.The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by Carlos Montemayor and San Francisco State University.

"A long-term ethnographic study of interdisciplinary biotechnology labs that reveals how cutting edge scientific work actually gets done"--

Computational media govern our experiences by externalizing our knowledge and memories, mining data from our behaviour to influence our decision-making, and creating emotionally rewarding and sensory pleasures. But does that mean human perception is becoming a product of human-machine symbiosis in this new media ecology? This ground-breaking collection explores the ways in which digital information technologies form and influence human perception and experience. Examining the relationship between technological reductionism and the body, it takes on board discursive perspectives from the humanities and brings digital media, affect, and body studies into conversation with one another. Written by pioneering authors in the field, this book expands our understanding of human perception, animation, technology, and the body.

Das Handbuch bietet einen umfassenden Überblick zu den Grundlagen, Schwerpunkten und Perspektiven der Beschäftigung mit kommunikativem Erinnern und medialem Gedächtnis. Damit erschließen seine Beiträge das Feld kommunikationswissenschaftlicher Erinnerungsforschung und verknüpfen es mit komplementären sozial-, geistes- und kulturwissenschaftlichen Ansätzen. Im Kompendium stehen originäre Beiträge aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum zu den Themenbereichen Journalismus und kollektive Erinnerung, Medienbilder in öffentlicher und privater Erinnerung sowie der Erinnerungskultur kommunikationswissenschaftlicher Fachgeschichte in Verbindung zu internationalen Sichtweisen. Neben der Darstellung erinnerungskultureller Konzepte und Kernfragen sowie ihrer interdisziplinären Anschlüsse werden die zentralen Arbeitsbereiche der wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzung mit medienkommunikativer Vergegenwärtigung kritisch aufgearbeitet. Auf diese Weise trägt das Handbuch zur Aufstellung und Ausrichtung einer kommunikationswissenschaftlichen Erinnerungsforschung bei.

Bachelorarbeit aus dem Jahr 2020 im Fachbereich Psychologie - Intelligenz und Lernpsychologie, Note: 1,7, Universität Koblenz-Landau, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der folgenden Forschungsfrage: "Wie beeinflussen Leistung und Prüfungsangst das akademische Selbstkonzept?". Während bereits Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Fähigkeitsselbstkonzept und der Leistung aufzuzeigen sind, besteht nun vor allem das Interesse an dem Einfluss der Prüfungsangst, welcher bislang nur wenig erforscht ist. Das Phänomen der Prüfungsangst begegnet einem in vielen verschiedenen Lebenssituationen, spätestens mit dem Eintritt in die Schule werden wir Menschen mit Prüfungen und evaluativen Situationen konfrontiert. Für Lernende ist Prüfungsangst eines der belastendsten Emotionen. In der Grundlagenforschung und in verschiedenen Anwendungsbereichen der Psychologie ist das Thema Prüfungsangst eines der am intensivsten erforschten Themen, da es in der heutigen Gesellschaft weit verbreitet ist. Da die Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage in Form einer längsschnittlichen Untersuchung anhand einer relevanten Statistikklausur erfolgt, fällt unter den Begriff Prüfungsangst sowohl die Trait- (Allgemeine Prüfungsangst) und State-Angst (Zustandsangst), als auch die Statistik-Angst. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, noch mehr Faktoren zu untersuchen, welche das Fähigkeitsselbstkonzept beeinflussen. Des Weiteren lässt sich durch die Prüfungsangst eventuell ein Zusammenhang genauer ergründen, welcher ebenfalls für die Prüfungsangstforschung relevant ist. In den nächsten Unterkapiteln folgen genauere Definitionen, Theorien und Studien zu den verschiedenen Ängsten und dem Selbstkonzept mit der Komponente des akademischen Selbstkonzepts.

"Bird Brain is a winner. It is engaging and very well written, and the illustrations are excellent--dramatic, informative, and fun."--Frank Gill, author of Ornithology

"The human brain is an impossibly complex and delicate instrument - capable of extraordinary calculations, abundant creativity and linguistic dexterity. But the brain is not just the most brilliant of evolutionary wonders. It's also one of the most bizarre. This book shows a whole other side of how brains work - from the patient who is afraid to take a shower because she fears her body will slip down the drain to a man who is convinced, against all evidence, that he is a cat, and a woman who compulsively snacks on cigarette ashes. Entertaining though they are, these cases are more than just oddities. In attempting to understand them, neuroscientists have uncovered important details about how the brain works. BIZARRE will examine these details while explaining what neuroscience's most unusual patients have taught us about normal brain function -ideal both for readers seeking a better appreciation of the inner workings of the brain and those who simply want some extraordinary topics for dinner-party conversation."--Provided by publisher.

Written by an award-winning behavioral change expert, this practical guide shows how recent discoveries in the behavioural sciences can help you lead a more positive and rewarding life.As 95 per cent of our brain activity carries on at a subconscious level, we’re not always aware of why we think what we think and do the things we do. Sometimes these subconscious wirings can make us think or act in ways that are not optimal for our happiness – they can bring out the illogical in us all.How Your Brain Is Wired draws on recent breakthroughs in our understanding of how the brain really works, empowering the reader to take control over their own behavior. Full of insight and practical advice, it equips you with a toolkit of simple changes you can put into action to: reduce conflict and anxiety, achieve a positive mindset, make better decisions, have more fun and reach new goals.This book is about rewiring your attitudes; re-seeing yourself and your choices. It reveals something rather magical: how tiny tweaks to your behavior can be all you need to deliver a big, sometimes thrilling, reboot to your life.

Using Documents presents an interdisciplinary theoretical discussion of human communication with documents in and after the "Gutenberg galaxy." Interdisciplinarity is taken seriously: looking back on existing work, texts on written communication by the philosopher and sociologist Georg Simmel and by an interdisciplinary French group of authors under the pseudonym Roger T. Pédauque are taken as a starting point and presented afresh (in part for the first time for an English-speaking audience). A look ahead to the future is attempted in contributions from an-again interdisciplinary-group of cultural scientists and cultural technologists who gathered at the University of Wuppertal in October 2019. Whereas the modeling (including technical modeling) of documents has to date largely been limited to the description of output forms and specific content, the foundations are laid here for including documents' contexts of use in models that are grounded in cultural theory. In this way, a hitherto largely unexplored intersection between media science and media technology is also investigated.

"Short, accessible primer on human memory, written by two leading psychological researchers"--

Illusionism is the view that phenomenal consciousness is an illusion. This book is a reprint of a special issue of the Journal of Consciousness Studies devoted to this topic. It takes the form of a target paper by the editor, followed by commentaries from various thinkers representing various academic disciplines.

With the rapidly growing demand for mental health care there is a need for efficient and effective psychological treatment options. Low Intensity Psychological Therapy has become well established in the England Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme as a beneficial and versatile treatment option for mild-moderate symptoms of depression and anxiety. A Pragmatic Guide to Low Intensity Psychological Therapy: Care in High Volume, provides a guide to Low Intensity Psychological Therapy from the perspective of the Low Intensity Practitioner. This book describes the Low Intensity role as part of a multi-disciplinary approach to psychological care. The authors use a series of case vignettes, personal experience and current literature to help navigate the context of the role and its potential for ethical and safe expansion.

Short-listed for the Royal Society Winton Prize for Science Books, the Best Book of Ideas Prize, and the Society of Biology Book Awards • Book of the Year: Sunday Times, Sunday Express, and New ScientistA new consensus is emerging among cognitive scientists: rather than possessing fixed, unchanging memories, we create new recollections each time we are called upon to remember. As psychologist Charles Fernyhough explains, remembering is an act of narrative imagination as much as it is the product of a neurological process. In Pieces of Light, he illuminates this compelling scientific breakthrough in a series of personal stories, each illustrating memory's complex synergy of cognitive and neurological functions.Combining science and literature, the ordinary and the extraordinary, this fascinating tour through the new science of autobiographical memory helps us better understand the ways we remember?and the ways we forget.