Social forskning og statistik

Mobilities are an essential issue in contemporary societies, which have recently been reexamined as a result of calls for ecological transition, on the one hand, and the impact of the global Covid 19 pandemic, on the other. The original contribution of this book is that it starts from the polysemic meaning of mobility, paying attention to different scales of perception and action, the lived spaces in which mobility occurs, and the ¿alternative¿ character of so-called sustainable mobilities and the actors who display or engage in such practices. The concept of mobilities is thus considered in relation to urban spaces and sustainability, based on the analysis of French case studies from a European perspective and using multidisciplinary social sciences approaches.

This volume explores the enduring influence of Introduction to the Science ofSociology, published a century ago by Robert Park and Ernest Burgess. It bringstogether scholars from the United States, Canada, and Italy, who collectivelydemonstrate the work¿s enduring relevance and its important role in the dialoguebetween European and American sociology. The contributors examine topics raisedin the original text that remain as relevant as ever, including segregation, the conceptof assimilation and the marginal man, subcultures, constructive isolation, collectivebehavior, the German roots of the Chicago School, socio-spatial evolution overtime, fashion and metropolis, and social creativity from the ecological school to thedigital challenge.

"Applied regression and causal inference are central to statistics and data science. This book provides a large collection of stories, with hands-on activities, demonstrations, and problems that bring the subject to life and which facilitate group work and active student participation"--

Bayes Factors for Forensic Decision Analyses with R provides a self-contained introduction to computational Bayesian statistics using R. With its primary focus on Bayes factors supported by data sets, this book features an operational perspective, practical relevance, and applicability¿keeping theoretical and philosophical justifications limited. It offers a balanced approach to three naturally interrelated topics:Probabilistic Inference - Relies on the core concept of Bayesian inferential statistics, to help practicing forensic scientists in the logical and balanced evaluation of the weight of evidence.Decision Making - Features how Bayes factors are interpreted in practical applications to help address questions of decision analysis involving the use of forensic science in the law.Operational Relevance - Combines inference and decision, backed up with practical examples and complete sample code in R, including sensitivity analyses and discussion on how to interpret results in context.Over the past decades, probabilistic methods have established a firm position as a reference approach for the management of uncertainty in virtually all areas of science, including forensic science, with Bayes' theorem providing the fundamental logical tenet for assessing how new information¿scientific evidence¿ought to be weighed. Central to this approach is the Bayes factor, which clarifies the evidential meaning of new information, by providing a measure of the change in the odds in favor of a proposition of interest, when going from the prior to the posterior distribution. Bayes factors should guide the scientist's thinking about the value of scientific evidence and form the basis of logical and balanced reporting practices, thus representing essential foundations for rational decision making under uncertainty.This book would be relevant to students, practitioners, and applied statisticiansinterested in inference and decision analyses in the critical field of forensic science. It could be used to support practical courses on Bayesian statistics and decision theory at both undergraduate and graduate levels, and will be of equal interest to forensic scientists and practitioners of Bayesian statistics for driving their evaluations and the use of R for their purposes.This book is Open Access.

The power of data drives the digital economy of the 21st century. It has been argued that data is as vital a resource as oil was during the industrial revolution. An upward trend in the number of research publications using machine learning in some of the top journals in combination with an increasing number of academic recruiters within psychology asking for Python knowledge from applicants indicates a growing demand for these skills in the market.While there are plenty of books covering data science, rarely, if ever, books in the market address the need of social science students with no computer science background. They are typically written by engineers or computer scientists for people of their discipline. As a result, often such books are filled with technical jargon and examples irrelevant to psychological studies or projects. In contrast, this book was written by a psychologist in a simple, easy-to-understand way that is brief and accessible. The aim for this book was to make the learning experience on this topic as smooth as possible for psychology students/researchers with no background in programming or data science.Completing this book will also open up an enormous amount of possibilities for quantitative researchers in psychological science, as it will enable them to explore newer types of research questions.

'Alex Edmans is such a crisp, sharp salutary voice - and a great guide to the bullsh*t of the modern world' Rory Stewart, author of Politics on the Edge 'A powerful and punchy explanation of why misinformation is a problem that affects us all' Gillian Tett, Editor-at-Large, Financial TimesA ground-breaking book that reveals why our human biases affect the way we receive and interpret information, with practical suggestions for how to think more critically* One of Adam Grant's 8 New Idea Books to Start Spring** A Financial Times Book of the Month, April 2024** A Next Big Idea Club Must-Read Book for May 2024** A Wall Street Journal recommended summer read 2024*Our lives are minefields of misinformation. It ripples through our social media feeds, our daily headlines, and the pronouncements of politicians, business leaders, and best-selling authors. Stories, statistics, and studies are everywhere, allowing people to find evidence to support whatever position they want. Many of these sources are flawed, yet by playing on our emotions and preying on our biases, they can gain widespread acceptance, warp our views, and distort our decisions.In this eye-opening book, Alex Edmans, an economist and professor at London Business School, teaches us how to separate fact from fiction. Using colourful examples - from a wellness guru's tragic but fabricated backstory, to the blunders that led to the Deepwater Horizon disaster, and the diet that ensnared millions yet hastened its founder's death - Edmans highlights the biases that cause us to mistake statements for facts, facts for data, data for evidence, and evidence for proof.Armed with the knowledge of what to guard against, he then provides a practical guide to combat this tide of misinformation. Going beyond simply checking the facts and explaining individual statistics, Edmans explores the relationships between statistics - the science of cause and effect - ultimately training us to think smarter, sharper, and more critically. May Contain Lies is an essential read for anyone who wants to make better sense of the world and take better decisions.'A passionate and dispassionate call to truth - and how to achieve it - in a world of growing disinformation' Will Hutton, The Guardian'Not only brilliantly researched and written but immensely practical' Andy Haldane, former Chief Economist at the Bank of England'A timely book and, despite the nerdy statistical theories, is often quite funny' Harry Wallop, The Time

Crime research has grown substantially over the past decade, with a rise in evidence-informed approaches to criminal justice, statistics-driven decision-making and predictive analytics. The fuel that has driven this growth is data - and one of its most pressing challenges - is the lack of research on the use and interpretation of data sources. This accessible, engaging book closes that gap for researchers, practitioners and students. International researchers and crime analysts discuss the strengths, perils and opportunities of the data sources and tools now available and their best use in informing sound public policy and criminal justice practice.

Writing a thesis or dissertation can be a tough task-this practical guide will make it much easier!Are you a student who's just a thesis or dissertation away from completing your degree? Do you feel it's a hugely daunting task and you're not sure where to begin, or how to tackle all the reading, researching, and writing ahead of you?Don't worry-you don't have to do it alone! This concise guide will support you every step of the way on your journey from initial idea to completed thesis.In this practical guide, packed with tips, tricks, and tools, you will learn:How to find the right topic for your thesis or dissertationHow to write a convincing research proposal How to conduct a literature review How to choose and correctly apply an appropriate qualitative or quantitative research methodHow to develop a mindset that will keep you writingHow to write like an academic and build up convincing argumentsWith The Thesis Writing Survival Guide at your side, you will confidently overcome all the challenges that students typically encounter on their thesis or dissertation writing journey.The book is written with a focus on the typical needs of graduate students in the social sciences, although students from other disciplines and those who are writing a thesis as part of their undergraduate studies will also find plenty of useful advice in it.Learn the nuts and bolts of thesis writing-and successfully complete your degree!

This report examines the effects that changes in laws-meant to encourage turnout and protect public health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-had on voter turnout and the effects of in-person voting on the spread of COVID-19.

This training book is designed to help professionals enhance their knowledge of community quality-of-life indicators, and to develop viable community projects. Chapter 1 describes the theoretical concepts that guide the formulation of community indicator projects. Chapter 2 creates a sample community indicator project as a template of the entire process. Chapter 3 describes the planning process: how to identify sponsors, secure funding, develop an organizational structure, select a quality-of-life model, select indicators, and so on. Chapter 4 focuses on data collection. Finally, Chapter 5 describes efforts related to dissemination and promotion of community indicators projects. Written by a stalwart in the field of quality-of-life research, this book provides the tools of sound community project planning for quality-of-life researchers, social workers, social marketers, community research organizations, and policy-makers.

This book seeks to chart and evaluate the impact of social research on the military itself.By "impact", the authors in this volume simply mean that which has a marked effect or influence on changing military policy, practices, knowledge, skills, behaviour, or living conditions. The book comprises a series of reflective contributions from scholars who have conducted research on the military as external scholars with no formal ties to the armed forces, as "native" researchers formally linked to them, as well as various kinds of contracted social scientists enabled by the military to carry out their investigations. The authors were asked to make the question of the impact of social scientific research on the armed forces an object of study in itself and to situate their reflections in terms of wider analytical questions. As a result, the chapters can be divided, broadly speaking, into two types of orientation: some are centered on theoretical and analytical issues, while others focus on the researchers' lived experiences.This book will be of interest to students of military studies, sociology, organisational studies, psychology and political science.

This interdisciplinary book analyses different contexts where security concerns have an impact on institutional or everyday practices and routines in the lives of ordinary people.Creating a dialogue between the fields of International Relations, Peace and Conflict Studies, Sociolinguistics, Education and Anthropology, this book addresses core themes associated with conflict and security - peacebuilding, refugee settlement, nationalism, surveillance and sousveillance - and examines them as they manifest in everyday spaces and practices. Seven empirical studies are presented that bring ethnographic and/or close-up interactional lenses to practices of security in schools, refugee centres, care homes, city streets and roadsides. Drawing on fieldwork and data from Cyprus, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sweden, Germany and the US, the chapters explore what notions of suspicion, peace, conflict and threat mean and how they are manifested in people's lived experiences.This book will be of much interest to students of Critical Security Studies, Anthropology, Sociology, Sociolinguistics and International Relations in general.

Some cities manage to mobilize innovation potentials and respond to challenges, such as demographic change and immigration as well as economic restructuring, while others do not. This book solves this problem by answering the following question: what are the conditions for the development of local innovation?In order to identify these conditions, the book explores case study cities which are perceived as success cases of local innovation by the respective local community, and sometimes also nationally or internationally. The conditions for local innovations are not sought primarily in economic, social, or institutional circumstances. Instead, this book focuses on the communicative interactions by which local actors develop locally embedded knowledge or a specific social imaginary about those circumstances, as well as the constraints and opportunities deriving from them. The authors focus on a comparative case study of ten cities-Bensheim, Frankfurt, Kassel, Leipzig, and Offenbach in Germany, and Athens, Chania, Elefsina, Kalamata, and Thessaloniki in Greece. The book is based on content analysis of policy documents and local newspapers as well as in-depth interviews with key local actors.This book will be of interest to scholars and students of political science and policy analysis, as well as sociology, geography, urban studies, and planning. It will also interest local politicians and bureaucrats concerned with achieving innovation in cities.

Elections are episodic; governance is routine.This book studies patterns in public opinion on politics and society between elections in India. By using the survey data covering 24 Indian states including the National Capital Region of Delhi (NCR), it will serve as State barometers of public opinion.The surveys seek to understand how politics and governance processes are nested in the social and political relationships between citizens inter se and with government functionaries. The book explores citizen perceptions about the social and political universes they inhabit in periods between elections. It examines social attitudes of citizens, friendship ties across social groups, gender roles and relationships; opinions on governance, ease of public service access, the citizen-state interface, and trust in political institutions; and, political attitudes and identity, nationalism, freedom of expression, and populism. This book explores public perceptions of everyday development and governance outcomes that are shaped by how the government functions between elections: how it relates to citizens on a regular basis; how it provides routine public services to them; and how public order is maintained.An incisive study on public opinion on politics, society, and governance in India, this book will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of political science, governance, public policy, and South Asian studies. It will also be of immense interest to bureaucrats, policymakers, think tanks, and organisations working in the areas of development studies, politics, society, and governance.Section 3.3 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.