Sociologi: arbejde og arbejdskraft

This book develops an understanding of researchers' engagements with their subjects as a generative mode of knowledge production that takes place between researchers and their research fields. It promotes the idea that rather than value neutrality, caring may be helpful when a researcher makes suggestions for improvement and constructs interventions. The authors reflect on questions such as how researchers take can sides without taking a fundamental principle of action for granted. What tensions and obstacles do researchers meet while they strive to engage carefully? How do careful engagements affect academic work and output? What inequalities are produced especially when there is funding involved in the research? The contributions discuss a range of topics including responsibility (and response-ability), collaboration, proximity, ethics, bodily entanglements, values, and affective attachments in social research. The book brings together an impressive team of international researchers from different disciplines to nuance the discussion and provides a rich collection of empirical studies from healthcare, urban planning, environmental science, participatory design, and museums, among others. This is a very topical volume for all social and behavioural scientists engaging in research, particularly those engaged in ethnographic research.

Employees should feel welcomed and respected in the workplace, regardless of their differences to strengthen their potential and make them more successful in organizations. Diversity and Inclusion is about making sure that people from different backgrounds, genders, ages, religions, sexual orientations, abilities, etc. are seen and respected in the workplace. Also ensure everyone has the chance to bring their unique skills and experiences, so that they can contribute to the company's innovation, teamwork, and overall success. Diversity & Inclusion initiatives effects employee engagement, innovation, and overall company success. Organization's employ recruitment and hiring practices, training programs, and policy development to foster Diversity & Inclusion. Overall, it helps us better understand how Diversity & Inclusion is playing a huge part in modern workplaces and helps in future studies to explore innovative approaches for creating more inclusive organizational environments. In this book author have made a study of best practices followed by organizations to achieve success through embracing the culture of diversity and inclusion.

When you work on the streets of Dhaka, crime is part of everyday life. Rackets are ubiquitous, political muscle widespread, and territory often fought over. Locals refer to the syndicate that lie behind the façade of the city, controlling who works where, how services are delivered and who profits. Based on years of research Syndicates and Societies reveals how syndicates shape life in Kawran Bazar, the largest marketplace in Bangladesh, and offers a new approach to understanding the nexus of crime and politics. The book traces the bazar's history from a heartland of gangsters to being dominated by ruling party leaders and state officials. It follows a group of labourers as they seek a place in this world, aligning themselves to leaders, orchestrating bombings and fighting off rivals. Syndicates and Societies thus explores the relationship between crime and order, revealing a world of extortionists and informers, political muscle and union leaders.

This unique collection of papers, from authors whose experience and nationalities are themselves diverse, captures intellectual and personal reflections on diversity. The authors offer unique perspectives into diversity on an individual level, as well as the experiential challenges of implementing diversity programs at the country, public sector, company and civil society levels. In doing so, the book identifies a variety of elements that define 'a multi-faceted reality' that is at once contradictory, deeply personal, artistic, emotionally evocative and intellectually stimulating.

Skibsværfternes historie sætter ord og billeder på det 20. århundredes værftshistorie. Engang var mange tusinde mænd – og senere også en hel del kvinder – beskæftigede i en industri, som var med til at definere Danmark. Gennem 150 år blev der hamret, svejset og bygget skibe af jern og stål i næsten alle større danske kystbyer. I dag ligger værfterne tyste hen, revet ned eller ombygget til andre formål.Men i denne bog lever historien om dengang, vi byggede skibe, fortalt i både tekst og billeder. Lige fra dengang i 1912, hvor det danske skibsværft B&W byggede det første oceangående skib i verden, som er drevet af en dieselmotor og dermed lagde grunden til en international førerposition som producent af både skibe og skibsmotorer op gennem det 20. århundrede. Og til 2006, hvor Lindø-værftet byggede det, som dengang var verdens største containerskib: det næsten 400 meter lange Emma Mærsk. Men blot seks år senere må også Lindø lukke, som det sidste af de store, danske skibsværfter.Lars K. Christiansen er museumsinspektør ved Roskilde Museum (ROMU) og historiker, dr.phil. Han har skrevet flere bøger om arbejdsliv og industrihistorie i Danmark samt medvirket i flere TV-udsendelser om samme emne.

O Estudo visa os esforços de exame alcançados no caso de uma estrutura de geometria ejetora. Um ejetor é um dispositivo usado para aumentar a taxa de entrega de um fluido. Eles são usados ¿¿no ciclo de refrigeração e também nos motores de foguete. É difícil compreender as características de fluxo dos fluidos e as propriedades termodinâmicas das correntes. Eles podem ser compreendidos por meio de algumas técnicas e testes computacionais. Os modelos matemáticos para o fluxo dos fluidos dentro do ejetor são menos observados, pois é difícil investigar um fluxo rápido dos fluidos dentro do ejetor. Os ejetores têm muitas aplicações, onde a transferência de calor ocorre em uma taxa mais elevada e também ajuda a criar vácuo. Além disso, a construção e funcionamento, aplicações e novos avanços relacionados aos ejetores. Além disso, observa-se que existe uma necessidade especial de investigar vários aspectos do ejetor. A história da virada dos acontecimentos e o avanço contínuo nas estruturas de refrigeração de ejetores solares são contabilizados e organizados.

Elinor C. Ostrom, a Nobel prize winning political economist, made important contributions to common pool resources, economic governance, and polycentricity. Viviana A. Zelizer, a prominent economic sociologist, has done groundbreaking work on how culture shapes our economic lives. Together, the work of Ostrom and Zelizer spans the disciplines of economics, sociology, political science, and public policy by exploring the social relations and community-based organization of everyday life. Both scholars examine the norms, social connections, and cultural impacts of exchange and governance. This volume explores their contributions and builds off of their research programs to explore the social movements, community recovery, and war, and women¿s issues across a variety of disciplines, including economics, political science, sociology, history, and archaeology.Inspired by Zelizer¿s 2019 Ostrom Speaker Series lecture for the F. A. Hayek Program for Advanced Study in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, this volume explores the connections between the work of Elinor Ostrom and Viviana Zelizer. Beginning with a lead chapter by Zelizer where she reflects on the connections between her work and Ostrom¿s oeuvre, the volume brings together scholars who tease out some of the important concepts and implications of Ostrom and Zelizer¿s research. This volume furthers economic inquiry by ensuring that the critical examinations of these timely and important themes are made available to students and scholars.

The Study aims towards the examination endeavours achieved in the case of an ejector geometry framework. An ejector is a device used to increase the delivery rate of a fluid. They are used in the refrigeration cycle and the rocket engines as well. It is difficult to understand the flow characteristics of the fluids and the thermodynamic properties of the streams. They can be understood using some computational techniques and tests. The mathematical models for the flow of the fluids inside the ejector are least observed since it is difficult to investigate a fast-moving stream of the fluids inside the ejector. Ejectors have many applications, where heat transfer takes place at a higher rate and also helps create the vacuum. Also, the construction and working, applications, and new advances related to the ejectors. Furthermore, it is observed that there is a special need to investigate various aspects of the ejector. The turn of events history and ongoing advancement in solar ejector refrigeration frameworks are accounted for and arranged.

"This innovative study is the first to explore the evolution of domestic service in the Soviet Union. Bringing together gender and labor history, Alissa Klots demonstrates how the Bolshevik regime both facilitated and thwarted domestic workers' efforts to participate in public life and reinvent themselves as equal members of society"--

This study reports the outcomes of experimental inquiries conducted on hybrid composite samples. The microstructural analysis comprises SEM, EDS, and XRD examinations, exploring the effects of compaction pressure and reinforcements on the microstructure, density, porosity, microhardness, and wear properties of the composites. Additionally, the experimental results are subjected to analysis using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method. Furthermore, the study includes the presentation of a 3D model of a connecting rod, developed on Solidworks software, taking into account the properties of the Al/3 wt% Si3N4/4.5 wt% ZrO2 composite.

This research investigates 3D scanning technologies and applications. The research begins with an introduction of 3D scanning and its many technologies, such as structured light scanning, laser scanning, and Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensors, photogrammetry. The benefits and drawbacks of each previous design approaches have been studied, and their applicability for various applications. Throughout the study, it was explored various possible applications of 3D scanners, which can be in medicine, the clothing industry, the footwear industry, or the automobile industry. In this project, additive manufacturing has been applied to fabricate the model to get an eco-friendly model. Also, one of the major goals was to reduce the cost of the device to make it affordable for the public. Finally, the fabricated prototype model is able to generate the point cloud for 3D Objects.

Tracing the complexity and contradictory nature of work throughout history

The book brings together perspectives on entrepreneurship research, education and practice to understand social entrepreneurship in its wider societal, political and economic context. Its unique contribution comes from its interdisciplinary approach that spans from the societal to the organizational level, with specific focus social innovation and management. It views management of social entrepreneurship and social enterprise in light of its societal context and employs social innovation to critically assess social entrepreneurship as driver of change. The emergence of social entrepreneurship as an academic field is linked to several societal trends such as public austerity, financial crises, new social challenges and a growing counter-movement to globalised capitalism. Generally seen as organisations serving both social and economic objectives, social enterprises, social innovation and social entrepreneurship have their roots in civil society, civic activism or the solidarityeconomy, but also manifest themselves as for-profit companies, with new organisational forms emerging and old ones changing. The contributions in this book elucidate these developments and the role of social entrepreneurs and social enterprises. Furthermore, the book offers great insight into the specific ways of managing, leading and creating innovation in social enterprises as well as perspectives on how to understand their social impact or value creation.

This book explores how migrant construction workers in Southern Europe faced unemployment and precarious work conditions during and after the Great Recession. By drawing on rich qualitative data, it investigates the experiences of Albanian men within and beyond the workplace, and sheds light on the capacity of migrant builders to deal with economic hardships and the role of their families and masculine identities in shaping their coping practices. This book suggests a new framework for the study of coping practices among migrant (construction) workers, and adds to the study of integration processes in Southern European countries by comparing the narratives of settled migrants in Italy and Greece. This book also looks at the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on migrant builders¿ lives in Southern Europe. By adopting an interdisciplinary approach, this book is of interest both to students and researchers in the field of migration studies and those working in the fields of sociology, geography, anthropology, political science and economics.

In this important book, Gallas asks what strikes in non-industrial sectors mean for class formation, a critical question which has been largely unaddressed by the current literature on global labour unrest. A mapping of strikes around the world and case studies from Germany, Britain and Spain cast new light on class relations, struggles around waged and unwaged work and labour movements in contemporary capitalism to brings class theory back to labour studies. This is a valuable resource for academics and students of employment relations, sociology and politics. This second volume focuses on strike research from a global angle and a Western European angle.

Dive into the shadowy corridors of history with Martin Sommer's "The Secret Brotherhood: Exploring the Odd Fellows' Path," a riveting exploration of one of the world's most enigmatic fraternal organizations. Sommer, writing under a pseudonym that reflects the secretive nature of his subject, unveils the mysterious world of the Odd Fellows and their profound influence on society, particularly in the German-speaking regions.With meticulous research and compelling narrative, Sommer brings to life the rituals, symbols, and principles that have defined the Odd Fellows for centuries. Discover their quests for personal growth, social responsibility, and moral integrity in a world that often overlooks such values. From their complex relationship with Freemasonry to their unyielding dedication to community service and charity, "The Secret Brotherhood" offers an unprecedented glimpse into the heart of this clandestine fraternity.Perfect for history enthusiasts, lovers of mystery, and anyone fascinated by the unseen threads that weave through society, this book promises to take you on a journey through time and secret spaces. "The Secret Brotherhood: Exploring the Odd Fellows' Path" is more than a book; it's an invitation to uncover the hidden legacy of brotherhood that continues to shape our world in unseen ways. Unlock the secrets with Martin Sommer as your guide ¿ your view of history's hidden side will never be the same.

Cold work tool steel constitutes a crucial category of steel employed in the production of tools and dies for cold forming operations on sheet metals. Punches and die blocks within all stamping dies, cold heading dies for various types of bearings, as well as drawing and shearing dies, are crafted from cold work tool steels due to their exceptional form-retaining capabilities, the ability to maintain sharp edges for shearing operations, and possessing good hardenability. In this study, air-hardening grade (D2), oil-hardening grade (EN31), and water-hardening grade (EN42) steels are utilized for investigating the heat treatment of cold work tool steels. The experimental investigations focus on enhancing the mechanical properties of cold work tool steels through diverse heat treatment processes.

Dies ist kein Buch über erschreckende Zahlen. Dies ist ein Buch voller Geschichten über die Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft, die Einblicke geben, wie wir unsere Welt gestaltet haben und gestalten können. Einfach, indem wir Entscheidungen treffen. Und hier kommt die To-Don't-List-Methode ins Spiel:Es gibt viele Herausforderungen, vor denen wir als Menschheit stehen. Aber wenn man sich einen klaren Überblick verschafft, wird es einfacher, zu verstehen und Lösungen zu finden. Und das ist es, was kreative Menschen gut können. Und die gute Nachricht ist, dass wir in den meisten Fällen nichts hinzufügen müssen, sondern Dinge subtrahieren können. Lassen Sie Dinge weg. Retten Sie die Welt, indem Sie nichts tun!

Electro-discharge machining (EDM) is a nonstandard electro-thermal machining technology used to produce geometrically complex or hard material parts that are highly challenging-to-machine by traditional machining methods. By igniting quick and repeating spark discharges between the tool and work piece separated by a narrow gap of around 0.01 to 0.50 mm, the method allows for the controlled erosion of electrically conductive materials. This void is filled with a dielectric fluid, either by flooding or immersion. The goal of this study is to evaluate the optimal process parameters of Argon gas assisted machining on P91 steel super alloy material with copper as a tool electrode and kerosene as a dielectric fluid. Experiments were carried out to determine the link between the current pulse on and off times, as well as the material removal rate and tool wear rate. EDM in gas is recent modification in machining method. In this method, EDM is performed with gas and kerosene-based oil, so that pollution reduces. The greatest advantage of EDM in gas is very low level of electrode wear rate.

Der Begriff der Produktivität findet täglich Verwendung, um die eigene Leistung zu bewerten. Darin, so die These, zeigt sich ein problematisches Verhältnis zur eigenen Tätigkeit. Denn was bedeutet Produktivität? Die Autorin geht von dem antiken weiten Verständnis von Produktivität als generellem Wirkprinzip aus und zeigt, wie sich Vorstellungen in Bezug auf das, was als produktiv gilt, gewandelt haben. Heute dominiert das ökonomische Verständnis, das die Beziehung zwischen Input (hervorbringender Natur) und Output (hervorgebrachter Natur) quantifiziert. Produktiv ist der Mensch, wenn er viel schafft ¿ und nicht, wenn er ¿sich hervorbringt¿. Die Autorin entwickelt einen neuen Produktivitätsbegriff, der die menschliche Fähigkeit zu produktiver Selbstwerdung ins Zentrum stellt. So entsteht auch ein neuer Blick auf (humanistisch) produktive Arbeit, der diese nicht an Effizienzmaximen, sondern der Beziehung des Subjekts zur Tätigkeit festmacht. Zugleich soll Systemproduktivität im Subjekt verwurzelt werden: Das (wirtschaftliche) System gilt nicht mehr als produktiv, wenn es kurzfristig Gewinne, sondern nur, wenn es langfristig Bedingungen für Individual(re)produktivität bereitstellt. Der Begriff der Produktivität wird so (wieder) als Vermittlungsbegriff fruchtbar gemacht.

This book presents a sociomaterial perspective on work and organizational practices within the operating room. Looking at medical work from a sociological perspective and drawing on ethnographic observations conducted in a hospital's operating block, this book analyses the entanglements of humans and technologies in the execution of everyday activities. It highlights how the sociomateriality of work and organizational practices manifests in the encounters between operators and material artifacts and in the way objects and technologies participate in processes and practices of organizational communication. Objects and technologies are also shaped by these very practices, giving rise to a recursive relationship wherein technology, communication, and organizing are intertwined.A sociomaterial understanding of organizational and working practices explains the role of objects and technologies in the generation and enactment of professional knowledge, while questioning how power materializes through the interaction of humans and technical objects. This book will be of great interest to scholars, students, and practitioners interested in how sociomaterial perspectives can inform organization studies and reshape our understanding of the intricate relationships between humans and technologies in healthcare settings.

The series Innovative Knowledge Management is combining innovation and knowledge management with related disciplines through a multidisciplinary and practice-oriented approach. This volume offers scientific contributions related to systems theory, education, corporate social responsibility, university management and communication, cultural and philosophical implications of knowledge, voluntary work, and innovative forms of bank management. The thematic focus also includes humanities and social sciences.

The volume brings together an international group of authors discussing basic concepts and approaches to plural policing as well as aspects and practices of plural policing in specific locations. The context comes from the fact that policing activities are nowadays performed by a growing number and variety of police and non-police stakeholders. This development is internationally discussed as 'pluralisation of policing' or plural policing. This book provides insights into plural policing across different countries of the global North. It looks at day-to-day security which is mainly produced at the local level, and where there is considerable diversity in philosophy and practice. Therefore, it allows learnings for possible future developments in the field. This volume contributes to policing studies and is of interest to the wide range of academics dealing with questions of security and order, as well as policy makers and practitioners working on security in their regions.

Emotionen, Gefühle und Affekte bezeichnen einen Bereich in der modernen Soziologie, der in einem gewissen Sinne als übersehen oder vielleicht gar als vergessen zu bezeichnen ist. Dies ist durchaus verwunderlich, insofern offensichtlich Emotionen eine große Rolle nicht nur in den alltäglichen Beziehungen der Menschen untereinander spielen, sondern auch in anderen, beispielsweise politischen. Wie viele andere moderne Soziologen kommt auch Bourdieu kaum auf diese Seite des Menschen zu sprechen und doch bietet seine Soziologie durchaus Anknüpfungspunkte, Emotionen und Gefühle zu analysieren und sie soziologisch zu interpretieren. Das Ziel der Arbeit besteht darin, Emotionen als Kapital im Sinne Bourdieus zu deuten und von diesem Gesichtspunkt aus spezifische Aspekte menschlicher Interaktionen besser zu verstehen. Der Nachweis, dass Emotionen tatsächlich als Kapital zu verstehen sind, erweist sich dadurch, dass Emotionen in alle Kapitalsorten konvertibel sind. Im Zuge dieses Nachweises stellt sich heraus, dass vor allem in politischen Kontexten Emotionen besonders leicht in die anderen Kapitalsorten tauschbar sind. Aber auch in der Finanzindustrie beispielsweise (bzw. der Ökonomie im Allgemeinen) spielen Emotionen, entgegen der Voraussetzungen der Wirtschaftswissenschaften, eine große Rolle.

This book problematises the socioeconomic and institutional construction of prostitution in Thai contexts, identifying the root causes that propel underprivileged, discriminated and deprived women and girls to enter the sex industry. The author considers Thailand¿s tolerance of prostitution and sex trafficking, despite criminalising prostitution since 1960. In doing so, they explain how criminalising prostitution does not lower the odds of women and girls engaging in commercial sex, but rather, legally marginalises them from receiving the necessary social and healthcare support. The book highlights that neither can Thailand pragmatically practice a zero-tolerance stance against prostitution - primarily due to severe police corruption and its heavy reliance on the sex tourism economy to support the national economic growth - nor is Thailand willing to fully crack down on the domestic sex industry. Engaging in an evaluation of how legalising and decriminalising prostitution, along with continuing to implement policies and interventions that alleviate the root causes of prostitution, can help Thailand build a more inclusive society and less-prostitution-reliant economy in the long term, the book provides a nuanced understanding of the relationships between society, inequality, governance, criminality, and policy in Southeast Asian contexts. It is relevant to students and researchers in sociology, socio-criminology, public policy, government and Southeast Asian studies.

Organizations are increasingly the Subject of moral debates. The positioning of enterprises of various sizes, non-governmental organizations, or public institutions is discussed and taken as a basis for consumer, client, and political decisions in a broad scope of topics. While the perspectives of customers, organizations, and further stakeholders on such developments have been highlighted under the label of "ethical consumption" or vis-à-vis the fragility of organizations, the impact and effects on actors working in or for such organizations or subcontractors have so far only been dealt with tangentially or left as a blank spot. This volume turns its attention to the actors and organizational practices in order to trace the effects of these discourses on everyday lives. Similarly, the ethnographic case studies collected in this volume explore the Extent to which everyday work life itself shapes discourses on the negotiation of morality in the present.

¿Elisitor Nuswantara Biosaka: Sustainable Agricultural Breakthrough towards the Land of Harmony¿, as a guide for a massive movement among farmers to increase production while minimizing external inputs and maximizing internal-local inputs, leading to environmentally friendly practices.Biosaka is taken from the word Bio which means plants and Saka is an abbreviation from Selamatkan Alam dan Kembalikan ke Alam (Save Nature and Return to Nature). This was discovered by Muhamad Ansar, a farmer from Blitar, Indonesia. He has been practicing and teaching how to make and use Biosaka to his fellow farmers since 2019. He firmly believes that nature can provide everything necessary for life, including agriculture. Initially, the Department of Agriculture and Food in Blitar Recency stated that the extension workers and the farmers were skeptical of the benefits of Biosaka, thinking it was some kind of mystical water. Nonetheless, after observing its application in various agricultural commodities for 14 months, it has shown remarkable production results, gradually changing farmers¿ perspectives on the benefits of Biosaka.