Sociologi: arbejde og arbejdskraft

Organizations are increasingly the Subject of moral debates. The positioning of enterprises of various sizes, non-governmental organizations, or public institutions is discussed and taken as a basis for consumer, client, and political decisions in a broad scope of topics. While the perspectives of customers, organizations, and further stakeholders on such developments have been highlighted under the label of "ethical consumption" or vis-à-vis the fragility of organizations, the impact and effects on actors working in or for such organizations or subcontractors have so far only been dealt with tangentially or left as a blank spot. This volume turns its attention to the actors and organizational practices in order to trace the effects of these discourses on everyday lives. Similarly, the ethnographic case studies collected in this volume explore the Extent to which everyday work life itself shapes discourses on the negotiation of morality in the present.

¿Elisitor Nuswantara Biosaka: Sustainable Agricultural Breakthrough towards the Land of Harmony¿, as a guide for a massive movement among farmers to increase production while minimizing external inputs and maximizing internal-local inputs, leading to environmentally friendly practices.Biosaka is taken from the word Bio which means plants and Saka is an abbreviation from Selamatkan Alam dan Kembalikan ke Alam (Save Nature and Return to Nature). This was discovered by Muhamad Ansar, a farmer from Blitar, Indonesia. He has been practicing and teaching how to make and use Biosaka to his fellow farmers since 2019. He firmly believes that nature can provide everything necessary for life, including agriculture. Initially, the Department of Agriculture and Food in Blitar Recency stated that the extension workers and the farmers were skeptical of the benefits of Biosaka, thinking it was some kind of mystical water. Nonetheless, after observing its application in various agricultural commodities for 14 months, it has shown remarkable production results, gradually changing farmers¿ perspectives on the benefits of Biosaka.

This contributed volume book aims at discussing transdisciplinary approaches to address common problems. By working transdisciplinarily, researchers coming from different disciplines can work jointly using a shared conceptual framework bringing together disciplinary-specific theories and concepts. There are numerous barriers that can obstruct effective communication between different cultures, communities, religions and geographies. This book shows that through bringing together different disciplines, researchers not only can surpass these barriers but can effectively produce new venues of thought that can positively affect the development and evolution of research and education. The book discusses new and emerging applications of knowledge produced by transdisciplinary efforts and covers the interplay of many disciplines, including agriculture, economics, mathematics, engineering, industry, information technology, marketing, nanoscience, neuroscience, space exploration, human-animal relationships, among others. Consequently, it also covers the relationship between art and science, as one of the most remarkable transdisciplinary approaches that paves the way for new methods in engineering, design, architecture and many other fields.

Shared leadership is doing work together. In traditional leadership the focus is on looking for a culprit, whereas in modern leadership the focus is on looking for a solution to solve the problem. Leadership without blaming allows the employees to try out new ways, and the threshold to make decisions is lowered. With modern information technologies solutions are shared independent of time and place. The right use of tools combined with a helpful and permissive atmosphere create the prerequisites for sharing leadership. Leadership that is focused on one person is no longer necessary. This book combines agile leadership methods with the solution-focused nature of leadership that allows for failures. Pondering responsibility is an important part of leadership, but not from the point of view of the culprit but from that of the solution. In leadership it is important to let go of selfish needs of being right and shining. In this way it is possible to harness the synergies of all the employees for the benefit of the entire organization. Shared leadership speaks about modern leadership in a simple form.

Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) stellt eine Schlüsseltechnologie des gesellschaftlichen Wandels im 21. Jahrhundert dar. Mittlerweile werden zahlreiche technologische Anwendungen genutzt, die auf maschinellem Lernen und den damit verbundenen Möglichkeiten der Datensamm¬lung, -nutzung und -verwertung aufbauen. Indem KI große Datenmengen beherrschbar und verborgene Muster und Zusammenhänge sichtbar macht, wird vieles schneller, einfacher und effizienter ¿ sei es im Alltag, in der Arbeit oder in Organisationen. Offen bleibt jedoch nach wie vor die Frage, welche tiefgreifenden und teilweise latenten Folgen für den Menschen als soziales Wesen und das gesellschaftliche Zusammenleben mit dem Einsatz und der Entwick¬lung von KI verbunden sind. Wie wandelt sich das Verhältnis von Mensch und Technik durch KI und wie ist dieser Wandel zu bewerten? Welche Chancen, aber auch Risiken eröffnen sich durch den Einsatz und die Entwicklung von KI für Mensch und Gesellschaft? Welchen Grenzen unterliegt der Wandel und welche Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten bieten sich? Und nicht zuletzt: Was und wer bestimmt die Entwicklungspfade, die KI nimmt ¿ mit welchen Folgen und für wen?

Drawing on Tarde's and Deleuze¿s monadology, this book investigates the affective turn of contemporary capitalism. The concept of affect provides critical insight to overcome the limitations of social constructivism and cognitive capitalism. Affective capitalism transforms the population¿s everyday bodily experiences into quantitative metrics that can be observed, measured, and processed on a non-conscious register, turning them into dividuals prepared to react and be affected by specific information at a given moment. In an era where social wealth increasingly relies on the 'social factory,' algorithms and big data constitute the living labor beyond employment. This book argues that affect also holds a potential for dismantling today¿s real subsumption of life by capital. The network effect, mostly actualized as a company's market capitalization, is constantly traversed by the molecular becoming of affect, leading to new assemblages, such as free software movement, decentralized platforms, peer-to-peer networking, blockchain, and universal basic income.

A group should work as a team, but one team member doesn't show up at meetings, another is doing all the work of the others, and nobody in the team dares to give critical feedback. Usually these problems are handled by a supervisor. What if the team worked as a community-led team, without a supervisor? Working in a community-led team challenges the team members to grow as people and to take responsibility for the whole group. The key word here is communication. This book presents the model of a community-led team, which can help a team to learn step by step to work without a supervisor, and to further develop the team' previous working methods.

Environmental risk management plays a fundamental role as a pillar of sustainable development. In a world where pressures on ecosystems and natural resources are increasing, it is essential to take a proactive approach to identifying, assessing and mitigating environmental risks. This management helps prevent negative consequences on ecosystems, human health and the long-term viability of the planet. Through the implementation of environmental risk management policies, governments, businesses and civil society can collaborate to ensure responsible use of resources, minimize negative impacts and promote balanced sustainable development.

This book provides a systematic overview of China's achievements in eliminating absolute poverty by 2020 under current standards. The book is divided into three parts: The first part is a study of major policy practices with distinctive characteristics in China's poverty alleviation practices; the second part is a study of China's international cooperation in poverty alleviation; the third part is a study of China's poverty alleviation by international scholars from the perspective of international cooperation and international comparison. These reports pay attention to China's achievements and experiences in poverty alleviation and reflect on how to strengthen cooperation with China in poverty alleviation. 

This book takes a people-centred approach to the ever-fluid and rapidly-transforming professional world of public relations (PR) in the age of digital platforms. As everyday PR work becomes increasingly shaped by the platform economy, this is transforming how the PR profession talks about itself, its issues and concerns. Drawing on different textual genres and discursive strategies, the author examines the shifting boundaries between PR and adjacent fields such as advertising, marketing and journalism - and illuminates varied lifeworlds of PR professionals from different backgrounds, races and genders. Written for academics, practitioners and those interested in the world of public relations, the book will also be enjoyed by young professionals working in this interesting and fast-changing occupation.

This book provides a contemporary collection of key works that chart new and ongoing terrain on student sex work. It brings together experienced researchers, activists, practitioners, early career researchers and those with lived experience of doing sex work in the university setting from across the globe. The book addresses three core areas: Activism, Ideology and Exclusion; Motivations and Experiences; and University Policy, Practice and Service Delivery. This collection represents significant theoretical, methodological and policy and practice contributions within sex work studies. These new perspectives contribute to our existing knowledge, introduce new directions for scholarship and prompt new and exciting questions about how higher education students¿ participation in sex work can be researched, understood and responded to in an ethical, non-stigmatising approach. The book will be of interest to students, researchers and service providers and given the interdisciplinary nature of the chapters, the book has a cross-disciplinary appeal.

Granite quarrying in the Commune d'Ampangabe is still an artisanal activity, yet it provides a livelihood for local communities. Field observation followed by surveys of local stakeholders, as well as studies of the quarry's environmental and socio-economic impact on the region, are among the means used to carry out this research. The results show that quarrying activities have a number of environmental impacts, including air emissions and soil and water pollution. This activity is also responsible for the destruction of vegetation cover and the modification of the topographical landscape. Nevertheless, it was noted that there is a lack of understanding of these problems. Workers at the sites surveyed often point out that they are in a very precarious socio-economic situation and are concerned about their survival. Indeed, the results have shown that gravel production is a job-creating activity and a source of income for impoverished families in the region. However, despite the socio-economic benefits offered by the granite quarry, environmental degradation is a major concern.

Handbook on the sociology of work and employmentThe modern crises of workThis introductory handbook to sociology is aimed at professionals and students in the humanities, particularly in the first cycle of sociology, as well as those in economics and business preparatory classes. All will find clear reference points for acquiring fundamental concepts and organizing their knowledge. The presentation is concise and thematic to master the sociology of work and employment. It aims to : - to provide a comprehensive overview of sociological concepts and authors to answer the question of the modern crises of work.

The scope of this book typically embraces topics such as identifying, assessing and mitigating hazards, statutory regulations and standards, safety activities, emergency response and evacuation procedures, proper use of safety equipment and protective gear and other safety-related topics that are specific to the industry and workplace. This book has been written in five units to cater the requirements of students of all engineering disciplines to learn ¿Industrial Safety¿ course in a simpler, easier and interesting manner, with a lot of illustrative figures. Similarly, the book will also meet the demanding needs of the technicians, mechanics, safety trainers, supervisors, foremen, safety and environmental health professionals, as well as workers involved in engineering and human resources. Further, this book will act as a ready reckoner to all those who are interested to self-learn the essentials of industrial safety.I believe that this has definitely brought out the important traits of the industrial safety in a lucid manner with a good collection and compilation of appropriate articles and will indeed serve as a primer.

This book traces the development of video (especially short video, duan shipin) in China over the past few years, exploring how these videos engaged with Chinäs rapidly changing society, how they enriched existed theories of society, media and communication, and new theories to be extracted. The book offers a new, critical model for understanding the relationship between video, video theory, video industry and the State. This book sheds light on the overall description and explanation of the current socio-political, economic and cultural environment concerning the development of video (especially short video). It interprets the emergence of the ¿Social Videolization¿ through the subjects of media psychology, communication studies and cultural criticism, media industrial studies, sociology and anthropology.

The deployment and implementation of WFP activities in the Lake Chad Basin in general, and in Mayo-Tsanaga in particular, is based on a normative legal framework validated by the United Nations. This justifies the deployment of the United Nations in the Lake Chad Basin in the context of food and nutritional security, through the WFP, whose benefits are perceptible in Mayo-Tsanaga. WFP's food security and nutrition activities are helping to alleviate the suffering of the people of MT.

Truck Driver's life is always full of stress, uncertainty, secluded from society and mostly deprived from family life. This book tries to bring out socio-economic aspect of nomadic life of truck drivers from Sangmeshwar and Lanja, two administrative blocks from Maharashtra state of India. The book is based on the field survey undertaken during February -March 2016. The survey conducted on truck-drivers was a part of a Minor Research Project.

Based on ethnographic work in a Moldovan winemaking village, Wine Is Our Bread shows how workers in a prestigious winery have experienced the country's recent entry into the globalized wine market and how their productive activities at home and in the winery contribute to the value of commercial terroir wines. Drawing on theories of globalization, economic anthropology and political economy, the book contributes to understanding how crises and inequalities in capitalism lead to the 'creative destruction' of local products, their accelerated standardization and the increased exploitation of labour.

Industrial workers in Ukraine have a complex political lifeworld because their political action aimed at bringing radical social change coexists with a demobilizing stance that condemns all political participation as corrupt. This contradictory attitude to politics defines the character of populist mass mobilizations that shook Ukraine in 2004 and 2014, as well as the electoral overhaul of 2019 and the popular response to the Russian invasion in 2022. Based on three years of fieldwork in the city of Kryvyi Rih, the book focuses on the moral economy that constitutes the working-class and structures its relations with other social groups.