Kognitiv psykologi

Each day in our life, we are always faced with situations that require us to make choices. Some are easy but there are some which are hard to decide. Most of the time, we make decisions quick enough we never thought about them not unless we realized we have made the wrong ones. Difficult decisions are those that require a deeper level of thinking like when we decide what course to take in college, who to marry, or what career to take. These decisions are often life-changing that we need to be more critical in our thinking. Making the wrong decisions over these matters can have an adverse and long-term effect on us and our future.Despite having to make so many decisions most of the time, it's likely that our parents failed to teach us about decision making and how to do it the smart way. It somehow became a common assumption that making a smart decision is a direct product of intelligent thinking and that it comes naturally. So when you're not born with high intelligence and you aren't a fast thinker, then you are most likely to make bad decisions.However, we need to establish first the relationship between intelligence, thinking fast, and being smart. Does this mean that when you are endowed with high intelligence, you can automatically think fast and make smart decisions?This book is geared towards establishing the relationship between intelligent thinking in correlation with theories of intelligence and decision making through quick-mind processing.As we establish the significance of fast-thinking process in making quality decisions, this book aims to teach you ways to develop your quick-thinking ability and smart decision making.

Empaths are naturally loving, caring, and healing. These natural healers are human lie detectors blessed with a strong sense of intuition. All the traits that make them special can quickly turn into their weaknesses if left unchecked.As an empath, there might have been times when you struggled to understand your gift. You might have also struggled to distinguish your feelings from the negative energy of others. You'll discover:What empathy really is.The traits of an empath.Common strengths and weaknesses of empaths.Tips for building and maintaining healthy relationships.The effects of diet and environment on empaths.Common pitfalls empaths should avoid.Techniques to harness and unlock the gift of empathy.And much more!People who are empaths are highly sensitive people who has the natural ability to sense and tap into the emotional and cognitive states of others. Most are born this way, although some may develop later over the course of a lifetime. Being an empath means that you are able to deeply feel other's experiences and emotions and often times you have a hard time separating your energy from someone else's.

This book will make you a perfume insider. Discover the effects, trends and future of perfume. Perfumery is on the verge of its third revolution, neuroperfumery, due to new methods of brain research and current findings in fragrance psychology.With this exciting and well-written book, you will gain a comprehensive insight into the creation, world and practice of modern perfumery, as well as interesting insider information. Current findings in psychology, aromatherapy, brain research and neuroperfumery on the effects of fragrances make Beautiful SCENT a treasure trove of new insights. As a non-fiction book with an advice component, it is easy to read without prior knowledge and provides many practical tips. Among other things, you will learn that some perfumes can do much more than just smell good, how perfumers and marketers create their perfumes, which scent preferences prevail and how the effect of scent can specifically influence one's own experience and enjoyment of life. Target groupsAll those who love perfumes and fragrances and would like to learn more about the magical effect of perfumes on well-being and perhaps play with the idea of creating their own perfume one day. It is also ideal for those who work in the fragrance, cosmetics and beauty industry and would like to refresh their knowledge of perfumes. About the authorDr. Joachim Mensing is a qualified psychologist, sociologist and trained nose with over 30 years of professional experience in perfumery and fragrance therapy. At one of the largest fragrance manufacturers, he became a trend coach for perfumers and developed methods of perfume development and marketing. Many of the perfumes he worked on received coveted awardssuch as the Fifi Award, the Oscar for perfumes. He himself received the honorary award of the FRAGRANCE FOUNDATION for the development and marketing of the perfumes Cool Water by Davidoff, Joop! and Jil Sander, and he was also recognized for studies in neuroperfumery and neuropsychology.

What happens in our brain when we create a story? Based on neuro-cognitivism, the study of narratives ¿ ranging from novels to ¿life-stories¿, which relate to interstitial topics ¿ has become more rigorous. In fact, an unparalleled panorama of constants, cemented since the Upper Palaeolithic, has been added to an unprecedented awareness of how each cultural habitat shapes the narratives of its inhabitants. This occured according to a particular neuro-cognitive style, thus limiting the so-called ¿authorial¿ freedom. Narratives ¿ whether they originate from the Muses or from the voice of a completely illiterate individual ¿ are like compressors that can zip together all the most crucial elements in our existence: time, space, intentions, purposes, agents and instrumental actions. For this reason, they represent an inexhaustible object of research.

Accessibility, understood as social integration, has been studied from many perspectives yet, due to our constantly changing environment, the concept is still in flux and needs to be reexamined.Within Translation Studies, audiovisual translation (AVT) has expanded the concept of translation activity and its growth has been exponential. In recent decades, AVT and accessibility studies have developed side by side, and the intersection of both fields has been at the heart of academic research as well as of professional practice.This collective volume showcases nine chapters written by specialists who approach the topic from different, yet complementary perspectives. All of them analyse the production of accessible translated material that requires adaptation to meet the needs and expectations of a multifarious audience, including older people, persons with sensory and cognitive disabilities, and those with limited digital knowledge.

Intelligence allows people to understand events and to shape their surrounding environment. This book delves deeper into the theories and applications of intelligence, showing it is a multifaceted concept -defined and explained differently by prestigious experts of various disciplines in their own research. The book provides interdisciplinary connections of intelligence as it relates to a variety of clearly outlined subject areas, and should lead to a deep understanding of the phenomenon as it pertains to practical applications in different domains. Contributors in this volume present results from evolutionary biology, mathematics, artificial intelligence, medicine, psychology, cultural studies, economy, political sciences and philosophy. Individual scientific models are integrated in an interdisciplinary concept of wisdom. This volume will help enhance the common understanding of intelligence for fellow researchers and scientists alike.

In Neuroscience Without Representations, an Open Access book, Oscar Vilarroya addresses the notion of "representation" as used in expressions like "neural representation" or "mental representation". This concept is fundamental in neuroscience, yet there remains no clear, universally accepted view on what it means for a nervous system to represent something, what constitutes a neural activity as a representation, and what is being re-presented. The book lays the foundation for a non-representational view of brain function. Building upon György Buzsáki’s critique of the theoretical framework underlying current cognitive neuroscience, Vilarroya argues that disciplines such as embodied and embedded cognition-collectively known as ‘4E cognition’-are driving a paradigm shift in our understanding of animal cognition. Rather than grounding cognition solely in representations, the author proposes an alternative: understanding cognition as enaction-the meaningful engagement of an organism to address situational requirements. The book supports this approach through detailed analyses of recent studies.

Exam Board: AQALevel: GCSE 9-1Subject: PsychologySuitable for the 2024 examsComplete revision and practice to fully prepare for the GCSE grade 9-1 exams

This book examines a century of research on the relationship between bilingualism and intelligence and relates it to more recent research on bilingualism and executive functioning. In doing so, it highlights how bilingualism research has been understood and used by wider society and its impact on current debates in cognitive science as well as language policy and education.The book probes the correlation between the fact that while early intelligence research suggested a negative effect of bilingualism on intelligence, the so-called ¿Bilingual Problem¿, later research implied a positive effect, ¿the Bilingual Advantage.¿ It questions whether the negative consequences that arose from the Bilingual Problem are influencing researchers¿ reluctance to let go of the Bilingual Advantage. Findings on both the bilingual ¿advantage¿ and ¿disadvantage¿ are shown to have suffered from similar methodological problems, with research into the former finding itself at the centreof the ongoing replication crisis in psychology.This book provides fresh insights that will be of particular interest to students and scholars of cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, bilingualism, applied linguistics, education and the history of science.

Over the last ten years, elements of the formalism of quantum mechanics have been successfully applied beyond physics in areas such as psychology (especially cognition), economics and finance (especially in the formalization of so-called ¿decision making¿), political science, and molecular biology. An important stream of work along these lines, commonly under the heading of quantum-like modeling, has been published in well regarded scientific journals, and major publishers have devoted entire books to the topic. This Festschrift honors a key figure in this field of research: Andrei Khrennikov, who made momentous contributions to it and to quantum foundations themselves. While honoring these contributions, and in order to do so, this Festschrift orients its reader toward the future rather than focusing on the past: it addresses future challenges and establishes the way forward in both domains, quantum-like modeling and quantum foundations. A while ago, in response to the developments of using the quantum formalism outside of quantum mechanics, the eminent quantum physicist Anton Zeilinger said, ¿Why should it be precisely the quantum mechanics formalism? Maybe its generalization would be more adequate¿¿ This volume responds to this statement by both showing the reasons for the continuing importance of quantum formalism and yet also considering pathways to such generalizations. Khrennikov¿s work has been indispensable in establishing the great promise of quantum and quantum-like thinking in shaping the future of scientific research across the disciplines.

This textbook is an introductory guide to applying behavioral sciences and systemic thinking into public policy design and implementation. It presents an innovative public management toolkit to handle ¿wicked¿ social problems ¿ those not very responsive to traditional public policy instruments ¿ by incorporating insights from the behavioral sciences and systemic design in the diagnostics of public problems, based on the motivations and constraints of the ¿real citizen¿ ¿ beyond the ideal citizen¿s perfectly rational intentions and plans devoid of social context or self-control problems.This volume aims to motivate the inclusion of broader and deeper insights from the behavioral sciences ¿ especially behavioral economics, cognitive psychology, and social psychology ¿ to the repertoire of public managers by introducing new methodologies for diagnosing the root causes behind public problems and for designing effective policies to address them. The new diagnosis tool ¿ theMSI framework (an acronym for Motivation, Self-control, and Inattention problems) ¿, will help identify new mechanisms underlying social problems or reinterpret known problems based on behavioral insights. The new methodology for policy design ¿ the PRIx framework (an acronym for Pricing policies, Regulatory policies, and Information policies) ¿, will enrich existing policy tools with such behavioral insights.Behavioral Insights for Policy Design: A New Framework for Understanding Wicked Social Problems and Designing Policies for Real Citizens will be a useful and practical guide to public managers and students of graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in public management interested in learning how to apply innovative tools and methodologies inspired by the behavioral sciences into public policy design in a simple and practical way, even when dealing with complex social problems.

This book examines intelligence as it applies to various facets of human life. It explores the evolutionary origin of intelligence and the genetics and neurobiology of intelligence. Every human being is intelligent, but some are more intelligent than others. We know this both by observing different people's behavior and position in life and by their different intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. Most of the business of life can be conducted on a basis of habit, with little need for exceptional intelligence, which is irrelevant for many day-to-day pursuits. However, people of higher intelligence do much better in life than those of lower intelligence in so many ways. They attain higher social class, better physical and mental health, are less likely to be criminals, and many other things. IQ tests measure different cognitive abilities, but there is a factor common to them all that psychometricians call Spearman's g, or simply g. What this means is that in tasks that tax the brain, however different they may be from one another, if a person is good at one mental task, he or she is likely to be good at others, although not necessarily to the same degree.

Wir leben in einer Welt, in der Männlichkeit von allen Seiten verzerrt wird. In einer Welt, in der Jungs und Männer davon überzeugt wurden, ihr Geschlecht für falsch, böse oder gar toxisch zu halten. Gefangen in diesen fremden Überzeugungen, fällt es den meisten männlichen Individuen sehr schwer, den Weg zu sich Selbst zu beschreiten. Infolgedessen befindet sich aktuell eine Großzahl an Männern in einem Dilemma, welches sie fortwährend dazu zwingt, bekannte Fehler zu begehen, die in diesem Buch thematisiert werden.David J. Leppur ist ein großer Kritiker dieser destruktiven Entwicklung. In seinem Werk "Authentische Männlichkeit" zeigt er einfach und verständlich auf, wie junge, aber auch bereits ältere Männer sich aus diesen schädlichen Programmierungen befreien und ihre eigene und wahre authentische Männlichkeit leben können, ohne sich für diese schämen zu müssen.Der Autor, Politologe, psychologischer Berater und Coach David J. Leppur, befasst sich in diesem Buch, mit den zwei aktuell am häufigsten vertretenen Arten von Männern: dem Arschloch und dem Nice Guy. Er entkräftet viele Mythen rund um das Thema der männlichen Attraktivität und deckt auf, wie Nice Guys & Arschlöcher denken, was für Eigenschaften sie verkörpern und welche Strategien sie verfolgen. Abschließend präsentiert er eine fast vergessene Gattung, die des authentischen Mannes und ermöglicht dem Leser, durch das Studium dieses Leitfadens, die Transformation zur eigenen wahren, authentischen Männlichkeit.

Oh, I Didn't Know... Now I Do!: A Practical Guide to Overcoming ProcrastinationAre you constantly saying, "Oh, I didn't know...?" Break free from the cycle of procrastination and embrace a life of knowledge and action with this inspiring and practical guide.Oh, I Didn't Know... Now I Do! takes you on a transformative journey, helping you understand the underlying causes of procrastination and providing the tools necessary to conquer it. This comprehensive guide explores the power of cognitive-behavioral therapy in identifying and dismantling the roots of procrastination while helping you reshape your mindset and overcome cognitive distortions.With this book, you will learn how to set achievable goals, break tasks into manageable pieces, and overcome the hurdles of perfectionism and fear of failure. Discover the secrets to boosting your motivation, maintaining momentum, and developing a robust support system to hold yourself accountable.Oh, I Didn't Know... Now I Do! is more than just a book; it is a practical roadmap to a more productive and fulfilling life. With real-life examples, hands-on exercises, and expert advice, this guide will empower you to control your time and unl

Make Your Gifted Life Meaningful"This book will make a smart person even smarter." ―Dr. Katharine Brooks, You Majored in What? Mapping Your Path from Chaos to Career#1 Bestseller in Counseling & Psychology, Attention-Deficit Disorder, and Mood DisordersOvercome your unique challenges. The challenges smart and creative people encounter―from scientific researchers and genius award winners to bestselling novelists, Broadway actors, high-powered attorneys, and academics―often include anxiety, overthinking, mania, sadness, and despair. In Why Smart, Creative and Highly Sensitive People Hurt, psychology specialist and creativity coach Dr. Eric Maisel draws on his many years of work with the best and the brightest to pinpoint these often devastating challenges and offer solutions based on the groundbreaking principles and practices of natural psychology.Find meaningful success. Do you understand what meaning is, what it isn’t, and how to create it? Do you know how to organize your day around meaning investments and meaning opportunities? Are you still searching for meaning after all these years? Many smart people struggle with reaching for or maintaining success because, after all of the work they put into attaining it, it still seems meaningless. In Why Smart, Creative and Highly Sensitive People Hurt, Dr. Maisel teaches you how to stop searching for meaning and create it for yourself.In Why Smart, Creative and Highly Sensitive People Hurt, you will find:You are not alone in your struggles with living in a world that wasn't built for you or your intelligenceLogic- and creativity-based strategies to cope with having a brain that goes into overdrive at the drop of a hatQuestions that help you create your own personal roadmap to a calm and meaningful lifeReaders of true, natural self-help books for gifted people struggling with life, anxiety, and depression, like Living With Intensity, Misdiagnosis and Dual Diagnoses of Gifted Children and Adults, or Your Rainforest Mind, will learn how to create meaning in their lives with Why Smart, Creative and Highly Sensitive People Hurt.

"As the first medical director and attending psychiatrist at the World Trade Center Mental Health Program, Dr. Sue Varma worked directly with civilian and first-responder survivors in the aftermath of 9/11. There, she met people at every point of the stress and trauma continuum. She saw devastation and stagnancy as much as she saw amazing resilience and growth. She asked herself: how do some people survive, even thrive, despite profound challenges? And how can we optimize the things we have control over, while buffering ourselves from stress? Through her work with patients and combining philosophy, her own personal experience, and a review of the latest research in psychology, psychiatry, medicine, and neuroscience, Dr. Varma discovered that the answer lies in cultivating an optimistic mindset that stays tethered to the real world and helps us make sound and reasonable decisions"--

"We are in the throes of a deep crisis: a lack of focus. Who is taking it from us and how can we recover our ability to concentrate? According to the latest research, teenagers can concentrate on a task for only 65 seconds, while adults can barely make it to 3 minutes. It is almost impossible to achieve the state of focus required to carry out complex intellectual activities."--

In this thought-provoking book, "Cognitive Factor: Guide To 99 Cognitive Biases," you'll learn about cognitive biases that control how we behave and act.

UM, is a self-help book for creatives, filled with illustrated quotes, ideas and exercises. UM gathers hard-won insight from my own learning and practise across 25 years of creating professionally (and for my own sanity).

International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities, Volume 64 highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors.

Social and Communicative Functioning in Populations with Intellectual Disability: A Developmental Perspective, Volume 65 in the International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities series, focuses on social and communicative functioning with a particular emphasis on people with intellectual disability. The volume brings together international researchers across disciplines to highlight innovative approaches to holistically describe social and communicative abilities in this population including teleassessment, self-report, and community-engaged research designs. Through a lifespan approach, key issues are raised related to social and communicative functioning across a range of communication modalities from infancy through adulthood. Additional chapters cover Adaptation of in-person tools for remote assessment of infants and toddlers with social communication concerns in community-based settings, Measuring social communication in people with ID who use minimal speech: Differences across the lifespan, and Social Inclusion of Adults with IDD: Toward Belonging, Building a Life: Examining the advocacy and social experiences of students with IDD in inclusive postsecondary education.

In diesem Open-Access-Buch geht es um die Frage, ob Emotionsregulationsprobleme eine Bedeutung für die Depression im höheren Erwachsenenalter haben. Depressionen sind in dieser Altersgruppe weit verbreitet, werden aber häufig nicht adäquat behandelt oder sogar als Teil des natürlichen Alterungsprozesses hingenommen. Ein Grund liegt in dem geringen Wissen um diese Erkrankung. Aus anderen Altersgruppen wissen wir, dass Regulationsprobleme mit Depressivität assoziiert sind. Im höheren Erwachsenenalter ist dieser Zusammenhang nahezu unerforscht. Um diese Lücke zu schließen, wurden Menschen im höheren Alter mit und ohne Depression untersucht. Das Ergebnis: Bei gesunden älteren Menschen hatte Regulationskompetenz einen positiven Einfluss auf das Wohlbefinden und war sogar Schutzfaktor gegen Depressionen. Patient:innen in klinischer Depressionsbehandlung profitierten im Hinblick auf den Outcome ihrer Behandlung ebenfalls von höherer Regulationskompetenz. Allerdings spielte Akzeptanz hier eineüberraschende Rolle. Die Untersuchung liefert Hinweise, dass die Förderung emotionaler Kompetenz auch im Alter ein wirksamer Baustein psychotherapeutischer Behandlung sein kann.

We all know and are conscious of most of our actions. And even the actions of others. But we can't actually see the real problems and the simple solutions we can adapt to solve what we brought and bring upon ourselves and others. If you wondered why the world has become weaker and why people are more degenerated to their minds. You will learn The 6 main compulsive behaviors was meant to target and addressCommon misconceptions about that could sabotage your progress7 qualities that make the internet addictive - and why we find it hard to resistThe hidden dangers of giving in to instant gratification - and how technology plays a roleAnd much more.Provides readers with a comprehensive toolkit to overcome the allure of instant gratification and develop the discipline, resilience, and patience needed to pursue meaningful goals and create a fulfilling life. Readers will learn how to cultivate healthy habits, set realistic goals, manage distractions, harness motivation, and build a growth mindset.