Kognitiv psykologi

Is Justice Real When "Reality? is Not?: Constructing Ethical Digital Environments examines how frameworks and concepts of justice should evolve in virtual worlds. Directed at researchers working in, or with an interest in virtual reality, as well as those interested in the fields of artificial intelligence and justice, this book covers research regarding impacts on human psychological states existing within alternative ethical frameworks. With chapters dedicated to behavioral impacts of virtual events, robotics and "unconscious", and human psychological states of role playing and existing, readers will be well-equipped to navigate the virtual worlds in which millions of people currently spend time.

Serendipity and creativity are both broad, widely disputed, and yet consistently popular concepts which are relevant to understanding the positive aspects of our daily lives and even human progress in the arts and sciences. The chapters in this book reflects a variety of theoretical and practical approaches to serendipity in various domains, including creative problem solving, sculpture, writing, theatre and design. Chapter authors address issues such as the nature of the ¿prepared mind¿, the role of accidents, serendipity as a skill or way of engaging with the world and, indeed, how serendipity works as a concept and practice in relation to the dynamic flow of the creative system. Those who wish to explore the nature of chance in art and creativity, as well as in their daily lives, will find much to ponder in these pages.

This book brings together the insights from three different areas, Information Seeking and Retrieval, Cognitive Psychology, and Behavioral Economics, and shows how this new interdisciplinary approach can advance our knowledge about users interacting with diverse search systems, especially their seemingly irrational decisions and anomalies that could not be predicted by most normative models.The first part ¿Foundation¿ of this book introduces the general notions and fundamentals of this new approach, as well as the main concepts, terminology and theories. The second part ¿Beyond Rational Agents¿ describes the systematic biases and cognitive limits confirmed by behavioral experiments of varying types and explains in detail how they contradict the assumptions and predictions of formal models in information retrieval (IR). The third part ¿Toward A Behavioral Economics Approach¿ first synthesizes the findings from existing preliminaryresearch on bounded rationality and behavioral economics modeling in information seeking, retrieval, and recommender system communities. Then, it discusses the implications, open questions and methodological challenges of applying the behavioral economics framework to different sub-areas of IR research and practices, such as modeling users and search sessions, developing unbiased learning to rank and adaptive recommendations algorithms, implementing bias-aware intelligent task support, as well as extending the conceptualization and evaluation on IR fairness, accountability, transparency and ethics (FATE) with the knowledge regarding both human biases and algorithmic biases.This book introduces a behavioral economics framework to IR scientists seeking a new perspective on both fundamental and new emerging problems of IR as well as the development and evaluation of bias-aware intelligent information systems. It is especially intended for researchers working on IR and human-information interaction who want to learn about the potential offered by behavioral economics in their own research areas.

Un sentiment oppressant d'anxiété constante vous empêche-t-il d'être serein? Voulez-vous arrêter de penser à toute la négativité qui empoisonne votre vie quotidienne et être à nouveau heureux?Dans ce guide, vous apprendrez à affronter vos peurs, à gérer votre anxiété, à contrôler votre perfectionnisme et à mettre fin à vos pensées excessives pour toujours...Il est indéniable que la réflexion est importante. Grâce à la réflexion, vous pouvez analyser des situations, planifier votre avenir et faire des choix réfléchis. Cependant, lorsque les pensées et les inquiétudes prennent le dessus, les conséquences prennent une toute autre tournure...Si vous lisez ces lignes, vous avez probablement tendance à vous accrocher souvent à des choses qui vous sont arrivées dans le passé ou à penser sans cesse à des situations futures. Laissez-moi vous dire une chose : en remplissant votre esprit de désordre, vous vous garantissez un aller simple vers l'auto-sabotage. Et croyez-moi, faire demi-tour n'est pas du tout facile.....Au lieu de maîtriser votre pensée, vous vous retrouvez prisonnier d'une cage insoupçonnée, votre propre esprit. Dans ce cas, la pensée devient une surpensée, qui s'avère être une arme constamment dirigée contre votre bien-être émotionnel et mental.Mais comment faire taire le bourdonnement incessant en arrière-plan, contrôler ses pensées et se mettre sur la voie que l'on souhaite emprunter ?Ce livre examine les raisons qui sous-tendent les pensées excessives et vous propose des stratégies pratiques pour apaiser votre esprit et en prendre le contrôle une fois pour toutes.Voici ce que vous apprendrez après avoir lu ce livre:- Les caractéristiques des pensées excessives: vous reconnaîtrez quand vos pensées prennent le dessus, vous arrêterez le cercle vicieux et vous prendrez le contrôle de vos pensées.- Anxiété constante: vous entrerez en contact avec des techniques de gestion de l'anxiété simples mais efficaces pour prévenir les crises de panique et retrouver le calme.- Le cauchemar nocturne: vous découvrirez des stratégies précieuses et des mini-techniques faciles à mettre en oeuvre pour faire taire le bourdonnement de votre esprit et parvenir à une relaxation profonde.- Des pensées négatives: Vous maîtriserez un schéma simple mais puissant, étape par étape, pour éliminer la négativité de votre vie et gagner une sérénité inébranlable.La tranquillité d'esprit que vous recherchez n'est qu'à un clic de vous.....

Chairwork is a therapeutic technique that allows clients to create distance between themselves and problematic beliefs, events, memories, individuals and patterns of responding. Although chairwork has been used in various therapeutic frameworks for decades, it is as part of schema therapy (ST) that it has recently taken a big step forward. This new title in the Schema Therapy Approaches and Resources series is a practical guide for therapists who want to learn to apply chairwork in their own practice. It also offers tools for those who already have some experience with this technique, as well as advice on further techniques to make working with chairs more effective in challenging situations. A final chapter looks at pitfalls for therapists, with guidance for recognizing and dealing with a wide range of challenging situations that occur in clinical practice.

Death studies typically focus on the death of humans, overlooking the wider factors involved in social and natural processes around death. This edited volume provides an alternative focus for death studies by looking beyond human death, to reveal the complex interconnections among human and more than human creatures, entities and environments. Bringing together a diverse range of international scholars, the book sheds light on topics which have previously remained at the margins of contemporary death studies and death care cultures. Organised around three themes - Knowledge and Mediation, Care and Remembrance, and Agency and Power - this book pushes the boundaries of death studies to explore death and dying from beyond the perspective of a nature/culture binary.

UNTHINK, All You Have To Do Is Nothing is about unblocking the subconscious and allowing it to guide your navigation of this reality. Thinking requires focus, but unthinking demands more: choosing courage and suspended judgment over comfort. "Proprioception of thought" is a term and concept first suggested by the brilliant late physicist David Bohm. UNTHINK advocates for breaking the compulsory "thinking" cycle by triangulating awareness, observation, and the voice in your head in the proper order to pinpoint a truer reality and clearer picture of now and tomorrow. Joining Indigenous ways of knowing (IWOK) with Western ways and science, UNTHINK weaves seminal research, practical advice, and storytelling to teach you to build intellectual and emotional muscle. Examining the critical art of unthinking, UNTHINK reveals that we don't have to believe everything we think or internalize everything we feel. It lets go of un-serving views and prizes mental flexibility over foolish consistency. What if you could distinguish intuition from bias, memory from awareness, observation from reflexive thought? You can, and I can teach you how. UNTHINK will keep its promise to take you on a journey and deliver you to a new destination, changed in the end. Get out of your head; start UNTHINK-ing!

This treatment manual stems from a program developed by the mind-body team at The Children's Hospital at Westmead, a tertiary care paediatric hospital in New South Wales, Australia. The team's Mind-Body Program, organised as part of a consultation-liaison psychiatry service within the Department of Psychological Medicine, works with young people who present with functional somatic symptoms, including functional seizures. Also known as psychogenic non-epileptic seizures, stress seizures, or dissociative seizures, functional seizures are a subtype of functional neurological disorder. They are sudden, time-limited episodes of neural (brain) network dysregulation. Functional seizures can occur in young people who experience serious distress or high arousal, causing the neural pathways that support normal motor, sensory, interoceptive, emotional, and cognitive function to move into a state of overdrive. During a functional seizure, the young person typically experiences a loss of voluntary control of motor function, including shaking, jerking, twitching, loss of movement, or falling down (syncope/fainting-like episodes). The young person can also experience a change in consciousness - or even loss of consciousness - including zoning out, cognitive clouding, feeling weird or disconnected, or being unresponsive. This manual describes treatment interventions for functional seizures developed over the last 20 years through clinical trial and error, by translating research findings into clinical practice, and by evaluating treatment interventions through prospective cohort studies. It provides general guidelines, methods, and insights for clinicians as they approach the care of each individual patient. The goal of treatment is for young people to return to good health and to normal functioning and wellbeing.Therapists and other clinicians will need to adapt the ideas presented in this manual to their own specific clinical contexts - public or private; inpatient, day program, or outpatient; team-based or solo practitioner working alongside other professionals in the community - and also to the particular needs of the young people and families that they see. The manual is intended as a general template to be flexibly implemented, taking into account not just the needs of patients and families but the particular capacities and skills of the therapists and other clinicians providing the treatment.

Popular Danish book now available in English.We cannot get better by ruminating and worrying. Nevertheless, these are the strategies for many who suffer from anxiety and depression. But a wound does not heal by continuing to scratch at it. It just becomes bigger and bigger. If we spend several hours each day wondering about our gloomy thoughts, we become even more depressed and anxious, and do not thrive well psychologically.By using cases as examples, Metacognitive Therapy – Free Yourself from Imprisoning Thoughts shows us how metacognitive therapy can help us manage our thought processes. At the same time, this book is also a critical voice and warning about the evaluation culture we have created. A culture where more and more people are developing anxiety and depressive disorders because we are constantly under surveillance and must fit into certain schemas. We need to learn how to think for ourselves and be aware that we can regain control over our thought processes.The author Linda Burlan Sørensen is a licensed clinical psychologist and specialist in psychotherapy and supervision. She is an expert in metacognitive therapy and owner of the Neokognitivt Institut in Copenhagen, Denmark, which offers therapy, professional courses, education, and supervision.

This book highlights an innovative approach for extracting terminological cores from subject domain-bounded collections of professional texts. The approach is based on exploiting the phenomenon of terminological saturation. The book presents the formal framework for the method of detecting and measuring terminological saturation as a successive approximation process. It further offers the suite of the algorithms that implement the method in the software and comprehensively evaluates all the aspects of the method and possible input configurations in the experiments on synthetic and real collections of texts in several subject domains. The book demonstrates the use of the developed method and software pipeline in industrial and academic use cases. It also outlines the potential benefits of the method for the adoption in industry.

An exhilarating, genre-bending exploration of curiosity's powerful capacity to connect ideas and people.Curious about something? Google it. Look at it. Ask a question. But is curiosity simply information seeking? According to this exhilarating, genre-bending book, what's left out of the conventional understanding of curiosity are the wandering tracks, the weaving concepts, the knitting of ideas, and the thatching of knowledge systems-the networks, the relations between ideas and between people. Curiosity, say Perry Zurn and Dani Bassett, is a practice of connection: it connects ideas into networks of knowledge, and it connects knowers themselves, both to the knowledge they seek and to each other. Zurn and Bassett-identical twins who write that their book "e;represents the thought of one mind and two bodies"e;-harness their respective expertise in the humanities and the sciences to get irrepressibly curious about curiosity. Traipsing across literatures of antiquity and medieval science, Victorian poetry and nature essays, as well as work by writers from a variety of marginalized communities, they trace a multitudinous curiosity. They identify three styles of curiosity-the busybody, who collects stories, creating loose knowledge networks; the hunter, who hunts down secrets or discoveries, creating tight networks; and the dancer, who takes leaps of creative imagination, creating loopy ones. Investigating what happens in a curious brain, they offer an accessible account of the network neuroscience of curiosity. And they sketch out a new kind of curiosity-centric and inclusive education that embraces everyone's curiosity. The book performs the very curiosity that it describes, inviting readers to participate-to be curious with the book and not simply about it.

An individual who has encountered post-traumatic stress disorder may lose enthusiasm for the things they are utilized to and think that its hard to feel mindful. They may feel peevish, more forceful than previously or even brutal. Seeing things that help you to remember the mishap can be extremely distressing, which could lead you to evade certain spots or circumstances that remind you. The commemorations of the occasion are commonly troublesome.Common occasions can fill in as injury updates and trigger flashbacks or meddling pictures. A flashback can make the individual put some distance between the real world and review the occasion for a time of seconds or hours or, once in a while, days.Here's just a tiny fraction of what you'll discover:The meaning and history of dbt.The core principles of dbt.Dbt and mindfulness.Tips to overcome ocd using dbt and mindfulness.Dbt techniques to deal with anxiety and stress.Mindful tips to tackle panic attacks.Taming borderline personality disorder with dbt.Take a second to imagine how you'll feel once you can finally learn to constructively regulate your intense emotions and reactions, and how your family and friends will react when they see you leading a happier and healthier life.you can finally learn to manage and overcome behavioral disorders and intense emotions by using the practical tips given in this book.

"An evolutionary case for the existence of free will. Scientists are learning more and more about how brain activity controls behavior and how neural circuits weigh alternatives and initiate actions. As we probe ever deeper into the mechanics of decision making, many conclude that agency-or free will-is an illusion. In Free Agents, leading neuroscientist Kevin Mitchell presents a wealth of evidence to the contrary, arguing that we are not mere machines responding to physical forces but agents acting with purpose. Traversing billions of years of evolution, Mitchell tells the remarkable story of how living beings capable of choice emerged from lifeless matter. He explains how the emergence of nervous systems provided a means to learn about the world, granting sentient animals the capacity to model, predict, and simulate. Mitchell reveals how these faculties reached their peak in humans with our abilities to imagine and to introspect, to reason in the moment, and to shape our possible futures through the exercise of our individual agency. Mitchell's argument has important implications-for how we understand decision making, for how our individual agency can be enhanced or infringed, for how we think about collective agency in the face of global crises, and for how we consider the limitations and future of artificial intelligence.An astonishing journey of discovery, Free Agents offers a new framework for understanding how, across a billion years of Earth history, life evolved the power to choose and why this matters"--

A mythical journal of adversity and adventure as Dan Joyce battles fate and family, sexual desire and love of man as he ventures to New York, India and beyond with his psychotic delusion as his fanciful friends in this illustrated story, second in the series, the unlikely prophet. So sit back, relax and enjoy the illusion!

This unique book clearly explains genetic and neuroimaging research on intelligence and how neuroscience findings may lead to enhancing it.

Based on over a decade of research, this book connects dream studies to cognitive anthropology, to perspectives in the humanities on mimesis, ambiguity, and metaphor, to current dream research in psychology, and to recent work in economic and political relations. Traveling the dreamscapes of a variety of young people, Mimesis and the Dream explores their encounters with American cultures and the identities that derive from these encounters. While ethnographies typically concern shared social habits and practices, this book concerns shared aspects of subjectivity and how people represent and think about them in dreams. Each chapter grounds theory in actual cases. It will be compelling to scholars in multiple disciplines and illustrates how dreaming offers insights into twenty-first century debates and problems within these disciplines, bringing a vital theoretically eclectic approach to dream studies.

"A must-have manual for optimizing decision-making, gaining competitive advantage, and living a more intentional life"--

This book illustrates how to access the right information for making the best decisions during turbulent times. It is written from an experienced-based perspective that is beneficial for those looking for the development and improvement of the decision-making process. The approach is centered on the author's experience in developing and implementing effective and efficient approaches to decision-making in business and government. Based on those experiences, this book provides insights into how to improve the decision making process of your organization, whether it be large or small.For decision makers and those providing market information for making decisions, this book provide guidelines for a framework which includes systems thinking. For those interested in change management and corporate governance, the book presents examples where it was done well and some examples where it was not and the ensuring consequences.