Våbenforhandlinger og våbenkontrol

"A conversation between public intellectuals examining the contentious interplay between the Cuban Revolution and U.S. empire"--

New York Times, USA Today, Amazon, and Publishers Weekly bestsellerAspects of History, The Critic, Octavian, and Modern War Institute Book of the Year.  Two leading authorities—an acclaimed historian and the outstanding battlefield commander and strategist of our time—collaborate on a landmark examination of war since 1945. Conflict is both a sweeping history of the evolution of warfare up to Putin’s invasion of the Ukraine, and a penetrating analysis of what we must learn from the past—and anticipate in the future—in order to navigate an increasingly perilous world.In this deep and incisive study, General David Petraeus, who commanded the US-led coalitions in both Iraq, during the Surge, and Afghanistan and former CIA director, and the prize-winning historian Andrew Roberts, explore over 70 years of conflict, drawing significant lessons and insights from their fresh analysis of the past. Drawing on their different perspectives and areas of expertise, Petraeus and Roberts show how often critical mistakes have been repeated time and again, and the challenge, for statesmen and generals alike, of learning to adapt to various new weapon systems, theories and strategies. Among the conflicts examined are the Arab-Israeli wars, the Korean and Vietnam Wars, the two Gulf Wars, the Balkan wars in the former Yugoslavia, and both the Soviet and Coalition wars in Afghanistan, as well as guerilla conflicts in Africa and South America. Conflict culminates with a bracing look at Putin’s disastrous invasion of Ukraine, yet another case study in the tragic results when leaders refuse to learn from history, and an assessment of the nature of future warfare. Filled with sharp insight and the wisdom of experience, Conflict is not only a critical assessment of our recent past, but also an essential primer of modern warfare that provides crucial knowledge for waging battle today as well as for understanding what the decades ahead will bring.

**Book Title: Hamas and International Relations: Allies and Alliances****Book Description:**In "Hamas and International Relations: Allies and Alliances," the complex interplay between the Palestinian organization Hamas and the broader world of international politics is meticulously dissected. From its origins as a resistance movement against Israeli occupation to its current status as a multifaceted global actor, Hamas has evolved, forming crucial alliances with states and non-state actors alike.This comprehensive book takes readers on a journey through the historical evolution of Hamas, shedding light on its motivations, ideologies, and strategies. It explores the organization's intricate web of alliances with countries like Iran, Turkey, and Qatar, delving into the regional and global implications of these partnerships. The book dissects the nuances of dealing with a designated terrorist organization, examining how Western countries, the U.S. and EU, have shaped their policies toward Hamas, oscillating between engagement and isolation.Through the lens of Hamas's interactions with non-state actors, such as Hezbollah, the book demonstrates the growing significance of non-state entities in international relations and the challenges they pose to traditional diplomacy. It further contemplates the future prospects for Hamas, considering the adaptability and resilience that have allowed it to remain relevant in a rapidly changing geopolitical landscape."Hamas and International Relations: Allies and Alliances" offers readers a deep understanding of the global significance of Hamas in the 21st century. It serves as an essential resource for scholars, policymakers, and anyone seeking to comprehend the complex interplay between regional conflicts, international politics, and the evolving role of non-state actors in today's world.

Many in the Republic of Korea (ROK) are not feeling assured by the U.S. nuclear umbrella. The authors propose options for strengthening that assurance, including enhancing strategic clarity and committing U.S. nuclear weapons to support the ROK.

Are you ready to journey into the shadows of power, where decisions of peace and war hang in the balance?In "Whispers of War," delve into the riveting, untold stories that have shaped the world's nuclear politics. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a strategist dissecting global affairs, or a curious mind seeking the hidden narratives, this book is your portal to unlocking the secrets of the art of war and diplomacy.Have you ever wondered about the enigmatic forces driving nuclear politics? This book unveils the cloak of secrecy, shedding light on the pivotal moments that defined our world's destiny.Immerse yourself in the clandestine world of decision-makers, where whispers of war echo through the corridors of power. With meticulous research and firsthand accounts, you'll discover the intricate dance between the art of war and the art of diplomacy.Picture a world where you can decipher the motives behind nations' actions, and anticipate their next moves. With the insights gained from this book, you'll not only comprehend the past but also glimpse into the future of international relations.Don't miss your chance to gain unparalleled insight into the forces that have shaped our world. Dive into the hidden stories behind nuclear politics and embark on a journey through the corridors of power. "Whispers of War" is your indispensable guide on this illuminating path.Inside this book, you'll uncover:The Cold War Chessboard: Explore the intense rivalry between superpowers, the brinkmanship that defined an era, and the covert operations that blurred the lines between war and diplomacy.Nuclear Pioneers: Meet the visionaries and scientists who unlocked the destructive potential of atomic energy, forever changing the course of history.Diplomacy vs. Conflict: Examine critical moments when diplomacy averted catastrophe and when conflict seemed inevitable. Gain insight into the delicate balance of power on the world stage.The Human Cost: Witness the untold stories of those directly affected by nuclear politics, from survivors of bombings to those who tirelessly worked for disarmament.The Modern Landscape: Navigate the complexities of today's nuclear politics, from rogue states to the emergence of cyber warfare, and the ongoing quest for global stability.The Future of Diplomacy: Gain a glimpse into the evolving dynamics of international relations and the pivotal role of diplomacy in an interconnected world.This book is your passport to a world of intrigue, power, and the delicate dance between war and diplomacy. Whether you're seeking to understand the forces shaping our world, or you simply crave an engaging narrative of history's most defining moments, "Whispers of War" is your definitive guide.Join the ranks of those who have uncovered the untold stories behind nuclear politics and gained a deeper understanding of our world's most critical issues. Your journey into the world of international relations and the art of war and diplomacy starts here. The wisdom of history awaits your discovery. Secure your copy now and embark on the path to unraveling the whispers of war!

In the shadows of uncertainty, a beacon of knowledge emerges "The Ruby Red Constitution." Illuminating the path towards understanding gun control and reform, this compelling work navigates the complexities surrounding firearm regulations. With community safety at its heart, the book calls upon responsible citizens to explore the crucial steps toward safeguarding society. Join this transformative journey as we seek a harmonious balance between liberty and protection.

Comprehensive examination of the goals, strategies, and motives of the six parties involved in North Korea denuclearization talks through the lens of negotiation theory.

Whenever and however Russia's invasion of Ukraine ultimately ends, the U.S.-Russia relationship is likely to remain hostile in its aftermath. Over the long term, however, the United States will have incentives to reduce the risks and costs of its relationship with Russia in order to focus on other challenges, such as China. Future U.S. policymakers might therefore wish to again consider a limited less-hardline approach toward Russia. Supporters of such approaches contend that limited less-hardline approaches can reduce an adversary's insecurity, moderate its behavior, and reduce the costs and risks associated with competition between the two countries. Critics are reluctant to make concessions to U.S. rivals and worry that softening the U.S. stance could embolden a rival to become more demanding and aggressive. The authors used four historical case studies of limited less-hardline approaches with strategic similarities to the U.S.-Russia relationship before the war in Ukraine to evaluate these competing claims. These cases were (1) negotiations between Britain and Russia over Central Asia from 1899 to 1914 (2) U.S.-Soviet negotiations on the post-World War II order from 1945 to 1946, (3) the U.S.-Soviet dâetente from 1969 to 1975, and (4) the U.S.-Russia reset from 2009-2013. The authors found that such approaches have led to durable but narrow gains without emboldening the rival to be more demanding or aggressive. These limited policies also have limited effects. They only reduce a rival's threat perceptions modestly and do not prevent future deterioration of the relationship over outstanding conflicts of interest.

This collection of articles and essays paints an intriguing portrait of Russia's Middle East vision and how it has developed over the last two decades. Carefully selected by Fyodor Lukyanov, editor in chief of the acclaimed journal Russia in Global Affairs, many of these pieces are written by officials who played a direct part in crafting Russian policy in this dynamic region: from the late Yevgeny Primakov, prime minister under both Yeltsin and Putin; to longtime Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, UN adviser Vladimir Orlov, and Energy Minister Aleksandr Novak.Russia and the Middle East also features contributions from reputable scholars on a range of topics that include regional conflicts, the Arab Spring, terrorism, Islamic doctrine, demographic trends and much more. These experts, diplomats and state leaders address challenging, relevant questions such as:Why did Russia choose Syria as the place to reassert itself as a superpower?How do Russia's geopolitical interests in the Middle East coincide and conflict with those of the West?What repercussions has the Arab Spring had on the region and the world as a whole?How can the global community address the problem of terrorism?What economic opportunities does this region offer?Does the Middle East hold the key to a "new world order"?The issues examined in this collection will engage a wide audience of researchers, students and policymakers who have even peripheral interest in the Middle East, the Muslim world, and Russian geopolitical perspectives.

Não há dúvida de que a Royal Dutch Shell do "Comité dos 300" é uma das mais antigas e maiores de todas as companhias petrolíferas a operar no mundo de hoje. O seu volume de negócios em 2005 foi de 306,73 mil milhões de dólares. A falecida Rainha Juliana dos Países Baixos, Lord Victor Rothschild, o Príncipe Nasi de África Sir Ernest Oppenheimer, os Samuels de Londres e a Casa de Windsor são os maiores accionistas da Royal Dutch Shell. Com a morte de Juliana, as suas acções passaram para a Casa de Orange (Holanda).O relato histórico da indústria petrolífera leva-nos através das reviravoltas da "diplomacia" (mentiras, falsas promessas, chantagem, trapaça, pressão política, intimidação e roubo injusto) da terra e do petróleo iraquianos, cobiçada por todas as nações, mas especialmente por uma Grã-Bretanha imperialista, que interferiu nos assuntos internos do Iraque e do Irão durante quase um século, seduzindo, cajolando e extraindo uma concessão atrás da outra, com base em promessas não cumpridas e na ameaça de um punho de ferro numa luva de veludo.Com a descoberta de ricos depósitos de petróleo bruto no Iraque e no Irão, um estado de conflito prolongado com os EUA e ambos os países tem continuado nos últimos 95 anos.

This book examines a variety of attempts to bring greater awareness to security concerns associated with the life sciences.

Tehran's willingness to pause aspects of its nuclear program may offer opportunities to stroke regime concerns about the potential costs of moving forward.Since halting its crash nuclear weapons program in 2003, the Islamic Republic has pursued a cautious hedging strategy that has enabled it to become an advanced nuclear threshold state, while also avoiding a military confrontation with the United States and Israel. Yet Iran's willingness to pause aspects of its nuclear program in order to ease pressure-and in turn to pursue more urgent objectives-may help Washington constrain Tehran's nuclear ambitions by amplifying its concerns about the potential risks and costs of proliferating.In this Policy Focus, military analyst Michael Eisenstadt surveys the evolution of Iran's nuclear hedging strategy and suggests ways for the United States, along with its allies and partners, to shape the regime's proliferation calculus with the goal of preventing an Iranian breakout and a nuclearized Middle East.

Greece (1941-1974): Years of Occupation, Years of Strife, and Years of Exclusion examines the history and politics of Greece during the period Greece experienced years of brutal foreign occupation, a savage civil war, dominance by those on the Right of the ideological spectrum, and a military dictatorship. One overarching characteristic of this phase in Greek history was constant interference by many including, of course, the foreign occupiers as well as the British and the Americans. In addition, during these years certain segments of the population were prosecuted, persecuted, imprisoned, tortured, sent to labor camps, exiled, and many were killed because they resisted the occupiers, or because of their ideological beliefs and political standing. These are among the reasons why so many Greeks consider their modern history to be difficult and "unkind".Although foreign interference has not lessened, some might argue, it has increased since the financial crisis beginning in 2008-2009, many aspects of the exclusivist state have been eliminated after the collapse of the military dictatorship in 1974. And despite the brief rise of extremist Left-wing and Right-wing, today's political landscape is more moderate. Good reasons for Greeks to think that better days lay ahead.

In an era of great power competition, the role of alliances in managing escalation of conflict has acquired renewed importance. Nuclear weapons remain the ultimate means for deterrence and controlling escalation, and are central to US alliances in Europe and the Indo-Pacific.

A decade ago, the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster led many to believe that the nuclear era was coming to an end. About ten years since, Asia is leading the global nuclear sector. Contributing to two-thirds of the global construction of reactors and exhibiting its technical prowess in the nuclear research and development arena, the future of nuclear power in Asia appears to be on a positive trajectory. This development is driven by a mix of urgent necessity, aided by the realisation that benefits offered by nuclear power are not just environmental in character but also offers economic and strategic advantages. In this context, the book examines the energy trends and the current state of nuclear power in the Asian continent and endeavours to answer the much-deliberated question of whether Asia is witnessing a nuclear renaissance again. To address this question, the book explores the policy responses by Asian countries to the Fukushima disaster. It attempts to map the future trajectory of nuclear power in Asia and tries to identify the factors that may accelerate or limit its growth.

Translation of: La guerre qui ne peut pas avoir lieu.