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This study addresses the issue of municipal development from the perspective of per capita spending on the dimensions of development associated with spending by function, reviewing the concepts that affect human development as well as how the state is organised in order to provide better living conditions for the members of a society. In the process of approaching the subject, a number of indices were listed to serve as a guide to the problem, being used as parameters to help show which municipalities have achieved the best results in their public policies.

"Soft Power Strategies for Combating Radicalization" presents a comprehensive exploration of innovative and inclusive approaches to counter the rising threat of radicalization. This captivating book unravels the potential of social media, education, and cultural diplomacy as potent tools in achieving sustainable development and countering terrorism. Drawing on a wealth of research and real-life case studies, the author delves into the transformative influence of social media platforms. Readers discover how harnessing the power of digital communication can cultivate dialogue, bridge divides, and steer individuals away from extremist ideologies. Through an in-depth examination of education's pivotal role, the book elucidates how knowledge and critical thinking can challenge radical narratives. From primary education to higher learning institutions, the author presents compelling insights into empowering young minds with the ability to make informed choices. Cultural diplomacy emerges as a critical focal point, illustrating how embracing diversity and mutual understanding can defuse tensions and build bridges between cultures.

Ethiopian state is one of the oldest empires in the world having a long history of statehood though its territorial boundary has been varied over the centuries of its existence. Until 1990s, Ethiopia was governed by highly centralized governments. Since 1991 Ethiopia shifted its political paradigm to decentralized ethnic based regional arrangements. This long political history of state formation had not been lay the genuine base for human rights values, rule of law, equality and equity of citizen, good governance & democratization. The implementation of the ethno-linguistic federalism had led to the generation of violent conflicts among various ethnic groups and almost in all border areas of regional states. Ethnic conflicts which have been resulting in prolonged instability, loss of life and property, massive internal displacement of minority in particular have emerged as one of the greatest human tragedies and peacebuilding challenges of the country. Currently, the complication and challenges of ethnic conflicts hit the highest point in Ethiopia than ever before.

If we are to understand the world's major problems, determine their causes and foresee their effects on present and future society, we need to be aware that humanity today finds itself at the start of a major new revolution. This revolution is marked, among other things, by scientific and technological advances in information and communication technologies (ICT); the globalization of the world's economies; and the trend towards planetary management of the world's resources. These technological innovations are forcing a new interdependence between nations, the corollary of which is a new way of thinking and a new state of mind.It is in this context that the present study proposes to: (i) assess the appropriation of ICTs by the Congolese diplomatic administration, and (ii) identify the obstacles to access and appropriation of ICTs by Congolese diplomats. The objectives of the study are to examine the role played by ICTs in the processing of diplomatic information; to identify problems in the appropriation of ICTs; and to formulate useful suggestions for capacity-building.

This is a short study of a secretive group, known by various names such as the secret society, Milner's Group, and the Secret Elite. This group has played a major role in shaping global events since the early part of the 20th century. According to researchers, particularly Prof. Carrol Quigley, the group gained control of crucial departments in Britain, including the War Office and the Foreign Office, to ensure a smooth operation. Starting in 1904, it influenced the country's foreign policy towards preparing for a future war against Germany. However, the group's operations did not receive the approval of parliament or the Cabinet. According to Prof. Quigley, the Secret Society was established by Lord Cecil John Rhodes in 1891, with the assistance of other members of the Establishment, as will become evident herein. After Lord Rhodes's death in 1902, Lord Alfred Milner took over its leadership. Milner had been appointed High Commissioner for South Africa in 1897 following the Jameson Raid debacle. Subsequently, he led the prosecution of the Anglo-Boer War from 1899 to 1902, during which British forces employed extreme and inhumane measures, including a scorched-earth policy.

Teacher certification policy in Indonesia is a mandate from the law that aims to improve the teachers¿ living standard by providing the professional allowances. This policy has been greatly implemented since 2007, but in process, it isn¿t implemented as same as the law that regulate this policy. In the beginning, the policy targeted that in 2015 all teachers had received ¿professional¿ certificates. However, the target was not achieved with only around 50% of teachers is certified. The government hopes that teachers who have received professional allowances will become professional teachers and thus improve the quality of education. Seeing this indication, it is suspected that there are problems in the implementation of the teacher certification policy. The research uses a qualitative approach method. Data used are primary and secondary data collected from documentation, observation, in-depth interviews, focused group discussions and expert judgement. Informants are determined with purpose sampling technique. Data is analyzed and processed with data collection, data condensation, data presentation and decision making or data verification.

In September of 2018, Marcus Deon Smith, a Black man who had committed no crime, died in the custody of the Greensboro Police Department. His death was eventually ruled a homicide. Ian McDowell explores the narrative the City of Greensboro put forth around the death of Marcus Smith, how that narrative was challenged by citizens first, then lawyers, and how the controversy over Smith's death played out on the streets, in City Council meetings, in the press, and in the courts, for years after his death.Often lauded as 'a bubble of blue' in a red state, Greensboro, NC was home to one of the first Civil Rights sit-ins in 1960, as well as 1979's Greensboro Massacre, in which Neo-Nazis and the KKK killed five members of the Communist Workers Party. The Marcus Smith case brought to light long standing issues involving the use of force, accountability, and the responsibility of elected officials to respond to the concerns of their community. I Ain't Resisting demonstrates how citizens can resist the narratives that arise to justify a needless death.

The general objective of this study was to analyse the evaluation process of the Microbacias 1 Project. The methodology employed was predominantly qualitative in nature, and was characterised by being ex-post facto. In the presentation of the results, a description of the context, the justification and the objectives of the project was made, and then analysed and verified the link between them. The project evaluations were then analysed in terms of timing, the position of the evaluator and the transparency of the methods used. Finally, the direct relationship between the themes highlighted in the context, the justification and the objectives set with the measurements of the evaluations was examined.

In the manual, the achievements achieved in the economic, social and cultural spheres during the years of independence, as well as the new methodological, conceptual ideas and ideas of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev regarding the history of the independence period, are taken as a program, and it practical help for students to learn the history of the independence period of Uzbekistan and fully fulfill the hours allocated to it in the curriculum. The manual can be used by teachers, academic staff, students and pupils working at all levels of the educational system.

The implementation of public policies for professional qualification in Brazil since 1990 aimed at training professionals from different areas, including actions directed to the rural area. However, despite this direction, its implementation has proven to be insufficient, and most actions are directed to the urban area. As the rural environment tries to identify potential business opportunities and becomes more entrepreneurial, it contributes to the development of the economy and the place, to the reduction of the migratory flow, generation of new products, services and mainly: the generation of work and income. However, the majority of rural workers do not have the necessary qualification to meet the new market trends. The development of Public Policies of Rural Professional Qualification allows the worker to be prepared to meet the new productive demands. This book is the result of the research developed with the student Emanuele Cristina Martins de Brito, scholarship student of Scientific Initiation UFRRJ/CNPq, today a Bachelor in Administration.

This study is part of the Research Line Public Policies and Management in Education of the Master's Degree Programme in Education at the Federal University of Uberlândia and its central theme is: "The Digital Inclusion Policies of Municipal Public Schools in Uberlândia". Based on a historical contextualization of computerized systems and the phenomenon of digital inclusion in the scope of Brazilian basic education, the purpose of this research is to describe and analyze the public policies of digital inclusion formulated and implemented in the municipal public school network of Uberlândia - RPME/UDI, in the period 1999-2012. The objectives of this work were: a) to describe and critically analyse the historical process of emergence and diffusion of computerized systems and their relationship with education as a possibility of promotion of public policies of "digital inclusion"; b) to analyse the historical path of digital inclusion policies in the field of education, prescribed and developed in Brazil and; c) to describe and analyse the policies of digital inclusion, prescribed and instituted in the municipality of Uberlândia based on the study of official documentation and the perceptions of teachers.

The work makes an analysis of the process of urbanization of the territory of the central region Bogotá - Cundinamarca (Colombia), derived from the insertion of Colombia in the circuit of international capitalism, throughout the twentieth century and with special emphasis in the period 2000 - 2018, period in which operate the main restructurings of the capitalist mode of production and the opening of the territory of the region, for large international investments. The work is focused on two fundamental aspects: On the one hand, it makes an approach to the political and administrative transformations derived from the processes of decentralization and territorial planning, introduced in Latin America and Colombia at the end of the twentieth century, as an ideological imposition of the ruling class, to adapt the territory according to the free movement of capital and concordant with the processes of global accumulation and economic dependence. On the other hand, the transformations of the imposition of this model in the territory are analyzed, resulting in a homogeneous, fragmented and highly hierarchical space (the space of modernity), which achieves a functional specialization for international trade, and an unprecedented urban expansion.

The Project Center for Sport Initiation (CID) is an educational sport policy organized by the Secretariat of Education of the Federal District and serves students from the public network of the DF who wish to improve themselves in a sport modality in their afterschool hours. This work proposes to analyse the limits and possibilities that this policy experiences regarding the guarantee of citizenship rights, based on the assumption that sport presents itself as a satisfier of basic human needs. Thus, it discussed the perspectives of the Project, confronting its historical trajectory, pedagogical proposal and its legal and institutional frameworks between the years 2008 and 2015, from a qualitative research approach, containing interviews with key characters of its materiality: teachers and managers at various levels. During the more than thirty years of CID history, citizenship rights have not established a close relationship with Brazilian sports policies, but this controversial relationship seems to have started to be rethought in this Programme in current times.

We are living in an era of change, uncertainty and perplexity. The Information Age is bringing new challenges to organizations and, above all, to their management. Never as now, administrative theory has become so indispensable for the success of the administrator and the organizations. The constant need for innovation and renewal, the search for flexibility and agility to provide change and transformation, the adoption of new ideas. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the administrative theory formula. Its propositions in function of two basic conditioning factors: time (history) and space (distance), which is why we are concerned in offering a vision of organizations and their context throughout this book.

A reading about the municipality of Maringá, with a focus on the last management of the government that comprised the years 2013 to 2016. The book addresses the cycle of public policies, the visible and invisible actors that are established in it, the guidelines and laws that govern urban mobility in the country, and especially in the city of Maringá. In addition to these studies, I adopted the right to the city and democratic legitimacy as complementary theories that helped the understanding of the narratives accessed. The study was developed from the theoretical and methodological perspective of Social Constructionism, in order to support the storylines of this dissertation, through narratives obtained with the application of interviews, access to secondary records, in dialogue with the theoretical referential that concern my field-theme. As a result, I understand that the constitution of the agenda in the municipality of Maringá is established from projects developed by municipal technocracy (circumscribed by SEPLAN and SEMOB), precisely at the moment when the public power, as a visible actor, announces the works and seeks to find the problems that justify them.

"Wherever Texas and cattle are mentioned in the same breath, the name of Charles Goodnight is bound to crop up...renowned as the man who opened the Texas Panhandle to ranching." -Kerrville Mountain Sun, Aug. 27, 1942"Goodnight's own story of...ventures in Texas, New Mexico and Colorado, and...hazards of driving cattle to the market...is recounted in 'Pioneer Days in the Southwest.'" Kerrville Times, July 23, 1942"Charles Goodnight is perhaps more extensively known than any other western ranchman, cattle owner, and pioneer."Our imagination has been fired by such pioneer names as Boone, Kenton and the Wetzels in the pioneer days in Kentucky, and later farther west on the great plains and the Rocky Mountains we have other historical names, Kit Carson, Buffalo Bill (Cody), Payne and others, but very little has ever been written about the great southwest, where the Indian tribes of the prairie made their last struggle for supremacy, and where they had conflict with the first settlers and pioneers, who with all they held dear on earth, hewed out homes for themselves and the coming generations amid the most indescribable dangers from their foes.Pioneer Days is written by the rank and file who were the true heroes and heroines, who suffered and gave their lives and the lives of those near and dear to them, in order to lay the foundation for future happy homes, peace and prosperity. The writers of this book were the small remnant yet left who were the actual participators in these early struggles, and they give their experiences, unadorned, without any claim to literary merit; for the writers were by then old.When you read their simple statements of facts of Indian conflicts, of terrible suffering and privations, so unassumingly told by them, it is only fitting that those who have had the advantage of schools and Christianity, and refinement, of which they were almost entirely deprived, to cover their rough and often ungrammatical sentences with the cloak of Christian charity, and interline them with garlands of flowers and chivalry which truly belongs to them.With contributions from Charles Goodnight (1836-1929), Emanuel Dubbs (1843-1932), and John A. Hart (1790-1840), the 1909 book "Pioneer Days in the Southwest" gives unadorned truths and conditions that fortunately have passed out forever.A great portion is devoted to the life of Charles Goodnight the first pioneer of the Texas Panhandle.

The issue of the efficiency of public action and the search for performance are now constant in the thinking of public authorities, both in the Third World and in developed and emerging countries. In France, they have made it possible to draw up a new financial constitution. In Africa, this reflection is particularly acute and has been the focus of researchers' work for many years1 , and has led to a new public finance management or "new public management "2 led by the WAEMU3 . UEMOA has also sought to modernise the public finance management systems of its member 4 states by adopting directives that are in line with the new public management system. The WAEMU has also sought to modernise the public financial management systems of its member states by adopting directives that harmonise legislation and practices in various areas of public financial management. Public finance in the world, and more so in French-speaking African countries, has benefited in recent years from very important developments that have changed its nature. The fundamental reason is that there is an exponential mutation of public finance management which everywhere takes the management model of the company.