Oldtidens historie

What If Sparta Ruled An Empire?In this action-packed novel, the Spartan Empire wages war to suppress a widespread rebellion.Meanwhile, a yagar warrior attempts the unthinkable to save someone he loves.

"Drawing on literary, epigraphic, and archaeological evidence, this book provides cases studies that test the various ways in which juridical categories and normative discourses shaped the social and cultural landscape in which freed people lived. It addresses the challenge of studying Roman freed persons on the basis of highly fragmentary sources"--

Der Plutos gilt gemeinhin als der matte Schlussstein der glanzvollen Karriere des Aristophanes und überhaupt einer Gattung, die ihre Blütezeit lange hinter sich gelassen hat. Die vorliegende Arbeit revidiert dieses negative Urteil. Durch eine umfangreiche Analyse der historischen und kulturellen Hintergründe des Stückes weist sie nach, dass das im Plutos verhandelte Thema des Geldes für das athenische Publikum des Jahres 388 v. Chr. von höchster Aktualität war. Unter Rückgriff auf moderne Theorien nimmt sie die Komik des Stückes in den Blick und analysiert diese nicht nur kleinschrittig Szene für Szene, sondern auch mit Blick auf das Ganze. Herausgearbeitet wird ein komischer Plot, der nicht nur dem Plutos , sondern jeder Komödie des Aristophanes eignet. Die Wirkungsweise der Komik in der Alten Komödie wird somit grundsätzlich neu beschrieben und das Verständnis der Gattung in dieser Hinsicht auf ein neues Fundament gestellt. Die Neuinterpretation des Plutos erweist das Stück als unmittelbare Zeitkritik ganz in der Tradition der Alten Komödie des 5. Jahrhunderts.

"Ancient Society: Researches in the Lines of Human Progress from Savagery, through Barbarism to Civilization" is a seminal work by American anthropologist Lewis Henry Morgan, first published in 1877. Morgan's book is considered a foundational text in the field of anthropology, particularly in the study of social evolution and cultural development. The central theme of "Ancient Society" revolves around Morgan's theory of social evolution, which he articulated through the concept of three successive stages: savagery, barbarism, and civilization. Morgan proposed that human societies had progressed through these stages, each marked by distinct economic, social, and technological characteristics. Savagery: In this stage, according to Morgan, societies were characterized by a reliance on hunting and gathering as their primary means of subsistence. The family, as a social institution, was organized around kinship and communal living. Technological developments during this stage included the use of simple tools and the absence of agriculture. Barbarism: The next stage, barbarism, was marked by the development of agriculture and the domestication of animals. This allowed for the establishment of settled communities and the emergence of more complex social structures. The family evolved into larger kinship groups, and advancements in technology included the use of metals. Civilization: The final stage, civilization, was characterized by the presence of advanced technologies, the development of written language, and complex social and political institutions. According to Morgan, private property and class distinctions became prominent during this stage. Morgan supported his theories with extensive research, drawing on evidence from a wide range of cultures, especially indigenous societies in North America. He also proposed a classification system for kinship terminology, which has had a lasting impact on the study of kinship relations in anthropology. While some aspects of Morgan's work have been criticized and revised over time, "Ancient Society" remains an influential text that laid the groundwork for the study of cultural evolution and anthropology. It has stimulated ongoing debates and discussions about the nature of human societies and their development.

From an early age, the author has been fascinated by the origins of humanity and the solutions offered by religious beliefs concerning our existence beyond death. Understanding the Bible is critical for Christians, whilst incorporation (as the Old Testament) of the Jewish Torah, the Prophets and the Writings brings a common root with Judaism and also many commonalities with Islam. This book should be fascinating to all 'Peoples of the Book', addressing many questions that arise in the minds of readers of the original Jewish holy scrolls. I have looked at many statements in the Torah and felt puzzled by clear misstatements, and many assertions which cannot be explained - even by invoking miracles. The awesome knowledge we have gained revealing the structure and evolution of the universe proves it was designed by an intelligent entity (aka God). I suggest this knowledge makes it impossible to reconcile the intellect of God as revealed to us, the character of Yahweh as recorded in the Torah and the character of Jesus shown by the Gospels. The coming decade may answer one of our greatest questions - the multiple missions planned to land on Mars may detect lyfe and critically whether its operating system is DNA or something else.At a minimum, I hope it provokes deep thought and further study! For information and maps on this series: truthpublications.co.uk

In this book, the intricate administrative apparatus of Ptolemaic Egypt comes to light. The study delves deeply into the pivotal roles of the epimeletes, a significant administrative official operating at the nome level. This official was tasked with supervising a diverse array of functions that held paramount importance in ensuring the financial stability and control of the Ptolemaic state. Throughout the book's six chapters and four appendices, the evolution of the epimeletes' responsibilities, and the relationships with other officials are meticulously analysed.Throughout the book, readers are taken on a journey through the third and second centuries B.C., witnessing the epimeletes' involvement in agricultural matters, taxation, monopolies, and more. The book highlights the intricate relationships the epimeletes maintained with various administrative tiers, military officials, and police authorities, shedding light on the collaborative nature of Ptolemaic governance.

This volume is the first in a new series of editions of Coptic-language "magical" manuscripts from Egypt, written on papyrus, ostraca, parchment, and paper, and dating to between the fourth and twelfth centuries CE. Their texts attest to non-institutional rituals intended to bring about changes in the lives of those who used them - heal disease, curse enemies, bring about love or hatred, or see into the future. These manuscripts represent rich sources of information on daily life and lived religion of Egypt in the last centuries of Roman rule and the first centuries after the Arab conquest, giving us glimpses of the hopes and fears of people of this time, their conflicts and problems, and their vision of the human and superhuman worlds. This volume presents 37 new editions and descriptions of manuscripts, focusing on formularies or "handbooks", those texts containing instructions for the performance of rituals. Each of these is accompanied by a history of its acquisition, a material description, and presented with facing text and translations, tracings of accompanying images, and explanatory notes to aid in understanding the text.

In this beautifully designed special edition, Professor George G. M. James explains how the ancient Greeks learned a lot from the Egyptian priests and used that knowledge to develop their philosophy. The book features large, easy-to-read fonts for a comfortable reading experience. He talks about famous philosophers like Thales, Anaximander, Plato, and Socrates, who were seen as outsiders in Greece because they brought ideas influenced by Egypt. The book also compares what these philosophers taught with the teachings of the Egyptian Mystery System, which existed long before Greek philosophy. The main idea is that Greek philosophy didn't come from nowhere but was heavily influenced by Egyptian wisdom.

Title: Sacred Mysteries among the Mayas and the Quiches - 11,500 Years Ago: In Times Anterior to the Temple of SolomonAuthor: Augustus Le PlongeonDescription: Augustus Le Plongeon's groundbreaking work, "Sacred Mysteries among the Mayas and the Quiches - 11,500 Years Ago," invites readers on an astonishing journey back in time, deep into the heart of ancient Maya civilization. With meticulous research and a keen sense of archaeological exploration, Le Plongeon unearths the enigmatic world of the Maya and Quiche cultures, unveiling mysteries that predate even the fabled Temple of Solomon.In this captivating volume, Le Plongeon takes us beyond the familiar narratives of history, weaving a tapestry of ancient wisdom, sacred rituals, and cosmic connections that have long been shrouded in the mists of time. With a scholar's precision and an explorer's passion, he unravels the secrets of Mayan society, revealing their profound knowledge of astronomy, mathematics, and spiritual traditions.Le Plongeon's vivid descriptions and meticulous research transport readers to the heart of the ancient Mayan civilization, where kings and priests held sway, and where temples and pyramids were erected as conduits to the heavens. He delves into the intricacies of Mayan hieroglyphs and cosmology, shedding light on their complex calendar systems and their understanding of the celestial realms.Beyond the archaeological discoveries, "Sacred Mysteries among the Mayas and the Quiches" is a testament to Le Plongeon's passion for unraveling the past and his unwavering dedication to understanding the spiritual underpinnings of a civilization long gone. He explores the profound connections between the Mayan culture and the broader tapestry of human history, offering readers a glimpse into the deep well of wisdom that sustained these ancient peoples.This book is not just a historical account but a portal to a world of wonder, inviting you to step into the sandals of the Maya and Quiche people, to witness their rituals, their reverence for nature, and their pursuit of cosmic truths. It challenges conventional narratives, encouraging readers to consider the vast expanse of human knowledge that has been forgotten or overlooked through the ages.For those with a thirst for archaeological adventure, a fascination with ancient civilizations, or a desire to explore the mysteries that have shaped our understanding of the past, "Sacred Mysteries among the Mayas and the Quiches" is an enthralling and enlightening read. Le Plongeon's work remains a testament to the enduring allure of the Maya, their timeless wisdom, and the eternal quest to unlock the secrets of the past.

Plutarque était l'un des écrivains les plus influents de l'Antiquité, et son oeuvre continue d'inspirer et d'informer les lecteurs du monde entier. Ce volume, compilé et traduit par Victor Bétolaud, rassemble certains des meilleurs écrits de Plutarque sur la morale, l'histoire et la philosophie.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.