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This book examines the practices of contesting evidence in democratically constituted knowledge societies. It provides a multifaceted view of the processes and conditions of evidence criticism and how they determine the dynamics of de- and re-stabilization of evidence.

Jak badania naukowe wzbogacaj¿ ¿ycie - metody badawcze wyjänione prosto!Metody badawcze psychologii i nauk spöecznych w dziedzinie nauk o cz¿owieku ró¿ni¿ si¿ znacznie od metod innych nauk empirycznych. Z pewnöci¿ nie jest ¿atwo próbowä zrozumie¿ my¿li innej osoby, a jeszcze trudniej jest w ramach badä, gdy chodzi o my¿li i uczucia szczególnie wielu osób. W köcu do zbadania jest wiele ró¿nych, indywidualnych konstruktów, z których kädy wymaga innej metody.Kiedy dok¿adnie nale¿y zastosowä któr¿ metod¿? Zbieranie danych jest bez w¿tpienia najwäniejsz¿ dziedzin¿ w procesie badawczym, ale jakie kroki nale¿y podj¿¿ przed i po? Na podstawie jakich przepisów w ogóle dopuszczalne jest stosowanie ró¿nych metod badawczych, a kiedy badania s¿ wäne?Rozdziäy w ksi¿¿ce dotycz¿ nast¿puj¿cych tematów:Proces badawczyDochodzenie i operacjonalizacjaGromadzenie i analiza danychMetody badawczeWielköci efektów, metaanalizy i modelePoniewä nie jest möliwe wypisanie kädej metody, gdy¿ liczba metod badawczych w obr¿bie nauk empirycznych jest niezliczona, celem tej ksi¿¿ki jest przybli¿enie ró¿nych kategorii, na które möna podzieli¿ poszczególne metody badawcze.M¿odym badaczom cz¿sto trudno jest odnale¿¿ si¿ w tym morzu informacji. Ksi¿¿ka ta ma wi¿c stanowi¿ pierwsze spojrzenie dla studentów lub osób zainteresowanych rozleg¿¿ tematyk¿ metod badawczych.

Data Analysis Methods in Physical Oceanography: Fourth Edition provides a practical reference to established and modern data analysis techniques in earth and ocean sciences. In five sections, the book addresses data acquisition and recording, data processing and presentation, statistical methods and error handling, analysis of spatial data fields, and time series analysis methods. The updated edition includes new information on autonomous platforms and new analysis tools such as "deep learning? and convolutional neural networks. A section on extreme value statistics has been added, and the section on wavelet analysis has been expanded.This book brings together relevant techniques and references recent papers where these techniques have been trialed. In addition, it presents valuable examples using physical oceanography data. For students, the sections on data acquisition are useful for a compilation of all the measurement methods.

**Selected for Doody’s Core Titles® 2024 in Neuroscience**MRI/DTI Atlas of the Human Brainstem in Transverse and Sagittal Planes presents a detailed view of the human brainstem in DTI/MRI. It is the first ever MRI or histological atlas to present detailed diagrams of sagittal views of the brainstem. Presenting data of unprecedented quality, images are juxtaposed with detailed diagrams in the transverse and sagittal planes. The atlas features a 50 micron resolution for the GRE and 200 microns for the FAC and DWI, 8000 times higher than that seen in a clinical MRI and 1000 times higher than that seen in a clinical DTI scan, all based on one brain. This atlas is important for neuroscientists, neurosurgeons, pathologists, anatomists, neurophysiologists, radiologists, radiotherapists (e.g., for cyberknife guidance), and graduate students in neuroscience.

The COVID-19 pandemic isn't over, but even as governments around the world strive to put it behind us, they're also starting to talk about what happens next. How can we prevent a new pandemic from killing millions of people and devastating the global economy? Can we even hope to accomplish this?Bill Gates believes the answer is yes, and in this book he lays out clearly and convincingly what the world should have learned from COVID-19 and what all of us can do to ward off another disaster like it. Relying on the shared knowledge of the world's foremost experts and on his own experience of combating fatal diseases through the Gates Foundation, he first makes us understand the science of corona diseases. Then he helps us understand how the nations of the world, working in conjunction with one another and with the private sector, can not only ward off another COVID-like catastrophe but also go far to eliminate all respiratory diseases, including the flu.Here is a clarion call - strong, comprehensive, and of the gravest importance - from one of our greatest and most effective thinkers and activists.

This report is a compendium of expert insights regarding opportunities for investing in science and technology to increase U.S. ability to engage in long-term competition in undergoverned spaces.

Psychoanalysis, Science and Power reexamines the current state of psychoanalysis and science and technology studies as they have been influenced by Robert Maxwell Young's work. Young urged that psychoanalysis, particularly in its Kleinian incarnation, illuminated new aspects of science and technology studies, and vice versa.

Measurements and experiments are made each and every day, in fields as disparate as particle physics, chemistry, economics and medicine, but have you ever wondered why it is that a particular experiment has been designed to be the way it is. Indeed, how do you design an experiment to measure something whose value is unknown, and what should your considerations be on deciding whether an experiment has yielded the sought after, or indeed any useful result? These are old questions, and they are the reason behind this volume. We will explore the origins of the methods of data analysis that are today routinely applied to all measurements, but which were unknown before the mid-19th Century. Anyone who is interested in the relationship between the precision and accuracy of measurements will find this volume useful. Whether you are a physicist, a chemist, a social scientist, or a student studying one of these subjects, you will discover that the basis of measurement is the struggle to identify the needle of useful data hidden in the haystack of obscuring background noise.

Parkinson¿s Disease Therapeutics: Emphasis on Nanotechnological Advances presents the latest information on the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly. Despite remarkable progress in various PD therapeutics, such as microRNAs and brain drug delivery systems, a few limitations impede their success. This book sheds light on the pros and cons of recently developed novel therapeutics. Very few books have highlighted the protective efficacy of natural products, antioxidants, and biomaterial design for other diseases.

This course provides a detailed executive-level review of contemporary topics in graph modeling theory with specific focus on Deep Learning theoretical concepts and practical applications. The ideal student is a technology professional with a basic working knowledge of statistical methods. Upon completion of this review, the student should acquire improved ability to discriminate, differentiate and conceptualize appropriate implementations of application-specific ('traditional' or 'rule-based') methods versus deep learning methods of statistical analyses and data modeling. Additionally, the student should acquire improved general understanding of graph models as deep learning concepts with specific focus on state-of-the-art awareness of deep learning applications within the fields of character recognition, natural language processing and computer vision. Optionally, the provided code base will inform the interested student regarding basic implementation of these models in Keras using Python (targeting TensorFlow or Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit). As an 'executive review', this text presents a distillation of essential information without the clutter of formulae, charts, graphs, references and footnotes. Thus, the student will not have a 'textbook' experience (or expense) while reviewing its contents. Instead, the student will quickly pass through a surprising wealth of actionable, easily-digestible technological information without the distraction of extemporaneous considerations.

As requested by Congress and the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), this report assists federal agencies in crafting plans and reports that are responsive to the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), OMB Guidance, and agency missions. Using a case study approach, the report identifies best practices used by individual agencies to evaluate the performance and results of their science and technology programs. The report takes into account individual agencies' missions and how science and technology programs and human resource needs are factored into agency GPRA plans. Specific applications of recommendations are included from COSEPUP's earlier report entitled Evaluating Federal Research Programs: Research and the Government Performance and Results Act.