Elektricitet, elektromagnetisme og magnetisme

Har du nogensinde tænkt over hvad der er bag stikkontakten? The Visual Guide to the Power Grid – Inside the Greatest Machine in the World er en illustreret rundtur i det fascinerende elsystem. Bogen viser det sammenknyttede netværk af brølende maskiner, knitrende infrastruktur og gigantiske investeringer som tilsammen sikrer, at der elektricitet i stikkontakten lige når du har brug for det.Bogen giver svar på spørgsmål som: Hvad foregår der under kølerhjelmen på et kraftværk eller i toppen af vindmølle? Hvorfor svinger elprisen fra time til time og fra sted til sted? Hvordan lægger man elkabler på havbunden? Hvorfor er kontrolrums-ingeniører særligt spændte under VM? Kort sagt: Det er elsystemets ’how stuff works’. Nysgerrige mennesker med interesse for videnskab og energi, vil aldrig se en stikkontakt i samme lys igen.Om forfatteren: Christian Dahl Winther (cand.oecon, ph.d.) har arbejdet med energi i en årrække, og hans passion for elsystemet giver bogen drivkraft og trækker læseren med. Bogen er særligt relevant netop nu, hvor den grønne omstilling er på alles læber, men hvor få kender til den bagvedliggende sektor.

Elektromagnetismens opdager, Hans Christian Ørsted, fejres i denne spektakulære udgivelse. HCØ opdager elektromagnetismen i 1820. Det er en af de mest betydningsfulde opdagelser i videnskaben nogensinde. HCØ er med andre ord en af de største forskere, Danmark har fostret. Men i sin egen tid var HCØ en videnskabelig oprører, der livet igennem måtte slås for sine ideer. HCØ – Kampen om videnskaben fortæller historien om én mands rejse mod oplysningens tinde, om hans sejre og nederlag, og om den gejst, eller ånd, der drev ham. I samarbejde med Videnskabernes Selskab udgiver Cobolt en tegneserie om Danmarks største videnskabsperson, H. C. Ørsted og fejrer dermed 200-året for hans skelsættende opdagelse af elektromagnetismen. Forfatter, Henrik Prætorius, er videnskabsformidler og har blandt andet 20 års erfaring som videnskabsjournalist i DR og Experimentarium. Peter Snejbjerg er tegneserieskaber særligt kendt for sit arbejde for det amerikanske forlag DC Comics, hvor han har tegnet til blandt andet Batman, Books of Magic (Neil Gaiman) og Preacher. Snejbjerg står også bag en række Anders And-historier. Niels Roland, illustrator og tegneserietegner, er særligt kendt for den videnskabelige stribe i Weekendavisen ‘Kloge hoveder’ og børnetegneserien i samme avis ‘Nøglevogterne’ (bind 1-2 er udkommet på Cobolt). Angelica Inigo er tegneserieskaber og illustrator og hun er uddannet i Grafisk Fortælling på The Animation Workshop. Projektet HCØ – Kampen om videnskaben er støttet af Novo Nordisk Fonden

Research has shown that students improve their problem-solving skills by working through puzzles, even from infancy. Children love working their way through a jigsaw, and as they watch the big picture emerging, they develop a sense of fulfilment and accomplishments. It is amazing how much students learn from wordsearches and puzzles.The goal is making Physics as a subject more accessible to more students. The path is through anagrams as brain teasers, wordsearches as builders of key vocabulary, crossword puzzles as concept keys, and the mind-maps to create the bigger picture, helping students appreciate why they are learning a topic.It promises to be an exciting journey. Why not start your students on the first step.Bon voyage!

This book leads students to learn electromagnetism and then moves to chapters about electric circuits. It aims to give an understanding of electromagnetism which gives a fast way to master the features of circuit elements such as resistors, capacitors, and coils that compose electric circuits. The author provides chapters on electromagnetism and electric circuits separately and gives a chapter explaining the correlation between them in detail.In the chapters for electric circuit, DC electric circuits, transient and steady response of AC electric circuits are treated. AC circuit theory is introduced for describing the phenomena in circuits. Theoretical treatments such as branch current method, closed current method, and node potential method are also introduced to show the validity of solution methods that have been used in the book. The book can serve as a compact textbook for lectures, as an introduction for hardware system and electric control systems, and mechanical systems. Chapters for electromagnetism or ones for electric circuits are suitable for a lecture over a semester.

"Coal Residue to Power First light" is a convincing investigation of the multifaceted excursion embraced by coal, from its crude and apparently commonplace structure as residue to the vital job it plays in introducing the beginning of power. This artistic undertaking digs into the complex parts of coal, unwinding its verifiable importance, ecological effect, mechanical advancement, and its job in forming the energy scene. The story leaves on an ordered excursion, following the beginnings of coal and its development as a strong energy source. It disentangles the geographical cycles that birthed coal, illustrating the antiquated scenes that brought about this extraordinary asset. The story then, at that point, shifts flawlessly to the coal mining industry, investigating the difficulties and wins of the individuals who work underneath the earth to separate this dark gold. As the book unfurls, it dives into the modern transformation, a period that saw coal's climb to conspicuousness as the main impetus behind steam motors and assembling. The cultural movements, monetary changes, and natural outcomes of this critical time show signs of life through careful exploration and distinctive narrating. The natural effect of coal mining and burning becomes the dominant focal point, with a nuanced investigation of the environmental impression left by this energy source. From coal dust contamination to the multifaceted interaction among coal and environmental change, the account doesn't avoid tending to the squeezing natural worries related with coal use. "Coal Residue to Power Sunrise" rises above the authentic and natural domains to investigate the mechanical advancements that have molded the coal business. The story unfurls like an excursion through time, from the early steam motors to state of the art clean coal innovations and sustainable power choices. The book takes apart the advancing elements of force age, revealing insight into the multifaceted cycles that change coal dust into the soul of present day power. The last sections of the book enlighten the contemporary energy scene, where coal ends up at a junction. The story explores through discusses encompassing the change to cleaner energy sources, the worldwide push for manageability, and the potential future developments that could rethink the job of coal in the power area. "Coal Residue to Power First light" is in excess of a verifiable record; it is a provocative investigation of an asset that has both filled progress and touched off discusses. The story not just catches the ups and downs of coal's process yet in addition welcomes perusers to consider the fate of energy and the beginning of another period in power age. Through fastidious examination, enamoring narrating, and a reasonable investigation of different points of view, this book fills in as an enlightening aide into the core of the coal business and its significant effect on our reality.

"Master undergraduate electromagnetics with this concise and accessible textbook, linking theory to realworld engineering applications, with gentle mathematical support. A versatile full-color textbook for a one-or two-semester course, supported by lecture slides, instructor solutions, Matlab animations, and PowerPoint and jpeg digital figures"--

This book covers electrostatic properties of hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs), a fascinating class of metamaterials which combine dielectric and metal components. Due to the hyperbolic topology of the isofrequency surface in HMMs, the so-called resonance cone direction exists, and as a result, propagation of quasi-electrostatic waves, or more commonly, electrostatic waves close to the resonance cone with large wave vectors, is possible. However, the investigation of electrostatic wave properties in HMMs is largely overlooked in most works on the subject, and the purpose of this monograph is to fill this gap. This book gives a thorough theoretical treatment of propagation, reflection, and refraction of electrostatic waves in HMMs of various dimensions and geometries. It will be of interest to students and researchers who work on electrical and optical properties of metamaterials.

The technique described in this book can be used to analyse all the mechanisms involved in the propagation of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), avoiding the need to invoke the complexities of electromagnetic computation. The book is aimed at electrical and electronic circuit design engineers and EMI/EMC design consultants.

This thesis describes the design, manufacturing, and testing of a high voltage power supply for an electron spectrometer to be used on a small spacecraft. The challenge was reducing complexity, size, and power consumption enough to be useful for a CubeSat or a sounding rocket sub-payload.The power supply has two purposes: i) it produces DC at roughly 2000 V for a microchannel plate detector and ii) it produces exponential voltage sweeps from about +4000 V to below 5 V for an electrostatic analyzer. This power supply uses solid state relays for a charge pump and for producingvoltage sweeps with capacitive discharge. The detector power supply is software and hardware regulated to provide tunable output up to 2400 V, with voltage drift and ripple of around ±1%. The power supply is managed by an MSP430 microcontroller

This textbook, based on the author¿s classroom-tested lecture course, helps graduate students master the advanced plasma theory needed to unlock results at the forefront of current research. It is structured around a two semester course, beginning with kinetic theory and transport processes, while the second semester is devoted to plasma dynamics, including MHD theory, equilibrium, and stability. More advanced problems such as neoclassical theory, stochastization of the magnetic field lines, and edge plasma physics are also considered, and each chapter ends with an illustrative example which demonstrates a concrete application of the theory. The distinctive feature of this book is that, unlike most other advanced plasma science texts, phenomena in both low and high temperature plasma are considered simultaneously so that theory of slightly ionized and fully ionized plasmas is presented holistically. This book will therefore be ideal as a classroom text or self-study guide for a widecohort of graduate students working in different areas like nuclear fusion, gas discharge physics, low temperature plasma applications, astrophysics, and more. It is also a useful reference for more seasoned researchers.

This book consists of chapters written by international experts on various aspects of single molecule toroics (SMTs).The chapters cover a broad range of relevant topics and highlight the latest advances performed in the field. An up-to-date overview of the emerging SMT architectures is presented while particular attention is given to not only the magnetism and relaxation effects involved but also to the respective applications in advanced electronics and memory devices. The role that lanthanides play -especially that of dysprosium- is discussed, while a thorough analysis using theoretical/ab initio calculations is provided. Since SMTs have grown out of single molecule magnetism (SMM), it is an expanding and topical subject and the present book will engender excitement and interest amongst chemists, physicists, theoreticians and materials scientists. The volume will be of great interest to researchers and graduates working on this topic and particularly those involved in lanthanide chemistry, magnetism and theory. 

The current Standard Model of elementary particles leaves many questions unanswered. For example, it does not provide a quantum mechanical explanation of the mass distribution of elementary particles in the universe. Why are we still not able to prove the existence of gravitons? Is there a connection between elementary particles and dark matter and dark energy? Do we have to include the time axis? The gravitation? So many questions!The answer to all of these questions could be the existence of a new particle, the master particle, which moves faster than the speed of light on the time axis ¿ and is beyond our reach. Through this, a new parallel reality is created, without reference to the world we perceive as real and with a completely different idea of stable states. Two different worlds, one confined by the speed of light, the other surpassing it. This master particle might be part of the elementary particles we know today and would therefore lead to a new model. Essentially, it created the assumption that our physical constants, especially the speed of light, might not be constants at all but change with the increasing age of our universe.

Dieses Lehrbuch behandelt präzise und ausführlich die klassische Elektrodynamik, wie sie für das Physik-Studium erforderlich ist. Es beginnt mit einer detaillierten Beschreibung der Maxwell-Gleichungen, so dass die Grundlagen für die verschiedenen Anwendungsgebiete geschaffen sind: Elektro- und Magnetostatik im Vakuum und in Materie und die Strahlung elektromagnetischer Wellen. Gerade der dynamischen Theorie der Röntgenstrahlung und der speziellen Relativitätstheorie wird dabei ein längerer Abschnitt eingeräumt. Zudem schlägt das Werk in vielen Bereichen eine Brücke zu den entsprechenden Fragestellungen der Festkörperphysik.Die Herleitung einiger Formeln sowie weitere Fragestellungen finden sich am Ende eines jeden Kapitels in den Übungsaufgaben. Im Anhang findet sich eine umfangreiche Zusammenfassung der notwendigen mathematischen Grundlagen. In der vorliegenden vierten Auflage ist die Quantisierung des elektromagnetischen Feldes hinzugekommen.Aus dem InhaltDie Maxwell'schen Feldgleichungen ¿ Ruhende elektrische Ladungen und die Verteilung der Elektrizität auf Leitern ¿ Randwertprobleme in der Elektrostatik ¿ Magnetostatik im Vakuum ¿ Elektromagnetische Vorgänge in Materie ¿ Elektrostatik in Materie ¿ Magnetostatik in Materie ¿ Felder von bewegten Ladungen ¿ Quasistationäre Ströme ¿ Elektromagnetische Wellen ¿ Röntgenstreuung ¿ Spezielle Relativitätstheorie ¿ Kovariante Elektrodynamik ¿ Relativistische Mechanik

This is the first book providing overview of magnetism in curved geometries, highlighting numerous peculiarities emerging from geometrically curved magnetic objects such as curved wires, shells, as well as complex three-dimensional structures. Extending planar two-dimensional structures into the three-dimensional space has become a general trend in multiple disciplines across electronics, photonics, plasmonics and magnetics. This approach provides the means to modify conventional and even launch novel functionalities by tailoring the local curvature of an object. The book covers the theory of curvilinear micromagnetism as well as experimental studies of geometrically curved magnets including both fabrication and characterization. With its coverage of fundamental aspects, together with exploration of numerous applications across magnonics, bio-engineering, soft robotics and shapeable magnetoelectronics, this edited collection is ideal for all scientists in academia and industry seeking an overview and wishing to keep abreast of advances in the novel field of curvilinear micromagnetism. It provides easy but comprehensive access to the field for newcomers, and can be used for graduate-level courses on this subject.

This book describes most recent progress in the properties, synthesis, characterization, modelling, and applications of nanomaterials and nanodevices. It begins with the review of the modelling of the structural, electronic and optical properties of low dimensional and nanoscale semiconductors, methodology of synthesis, and characterization of quantum dots and nanowires, with special attention towards Dirac materials, whose electrical conduction and sensing properties far exceed those of silicon-based materials, making them strong competitors. The contributed reviews presented in this book touch on broader issues associated with the environment, as well as energy production and storage, while highlighting important achievements in materials pertinent to the fields of biology and medicine, exhibiting an outstanding confluence of basic physical science with vital human endeavor. The subjects treated in this book are attractive to the broader readership of graduate and advanced undergraduate students in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine, as well as in electrical, chemical, biological, and mechanical engineering. Seasoned researchers and experts from the semiconductor/device industry also greatly benefit from the book's treatment of cutting-edge application studies.

When the author began working on phosphors based on rare-earth elements, he lacked an introductory textbook that explained the fundamental chemistry, basic optical properties, and magnetic characteristics of lanthanide elements. This book provides a concise overview of the rare-earth elements and is divided into two parts. In the first part, the reader receives an overview of solid-state chemistry and fundamental physical properties of these elements. Key topics of the first part include the separation chemistry of lanthanides, their chemical behaviour and physical properties. Then relevant compound classes are illustrated, crystal structures are systematically explained. The second part focuses on the optical and magnetic properties on relevant examples, also discussing many applications. Students and researchers new to the topic of "Rare-Earth Elements" receive a comprehensive introduction to understand basic optical and magnetic properties and incentives for deeper studies.

Mik kigger eftertænksomt på sin gamle gule bil. En gang kørte han og Bøf til vejs ende med den. Men nu er benzintanken tom. Pletter, ridser og rust hærger den gule maling på bilen. Men så får Mik et en god ide! Elektricitet, selvfølgelig! Elbil! Mik vil bygge sådan en. Ingen udstødningsgas og stille og rolig at køre. Men hvordan kommer han i gang med at bygge sådan en? Hvor er det heldigt, at Gordon van Gog og Doris Digital og hans andre venner kan hjælpe ham med at realisere sin drøm. Og Veronika Vestergaard har selvfølgelig en nøglerolle! “Mik Mekanik bygger en elbil” er en kærlig hyldest til bilens tekniske udvikling. Lektør Staffan Engstrand, BTJ-hæfte nr. 2, 2023.

In addition to expanding and clarifying a number of sections of the first edition, it generalizes the analysis that eliminates the noncausal pre-acceleration so that it applies to removing any pre-deceleration as well. It also introduces a robust power series solution to the equation of motion that produces an extremely accurate solution to problems such as the motion of electrons in uniform magnetic fields.

Nonlinear photonics has provided a scientific cornerstone for a majority of modern technology during the past half-century, such as diversifying laser wavelengths, manufacturing nanostructures, and guiding the design of telecommunication systems.Moreover, it keeps supporting the emergence of novel applications, including high-resolution spectroscopy, atomic clocks, and especially quantum technology. However, in photonic quantum state engineering, current recipes for design and modelingare impotent in specific quantum applications, for which advanced techniques are urgently needed. In this dissertation, the quantum-level interplay between the linear response of integrated photonic devices and multiple nonlinearities withinthe system has been investigated in detail. We utilize these interactions to manage the generation of limit-breaking quantum photonic states, including customized temporal-spectral entanglement, high-brightness quantum sources, and high-purityquantum states.

Compiled by two editors with substantial experience in developing algorithms to numerically solve integral equations in the case of discretized real-life structures, this book explains the main available approaches for the numerical solution of surface integral equations for analysing real-world multi-scale electromagnetic problems.

This text is written for the advanced student or researcher in the fields of antenna design, optical device design and in advanced electromagnetics, to aid better understanding of electromagnetic resonance phenomena and their applications.