Medicinsk fysik

Centralnervesystemets anatomi er en lærebog i neuroanatomi. Ud over en indføring i fagets grundlæggende elementer er bogen forsynet med tekstbokse, som relaterer neuroanatomien til sygdomme, deres behandling samt forskning i feltet. Bogen indeholder endvidere pensumdækkende afsnit om neuroembryologi, øjet og ørets anatomi samt det autonome nervesystem.Bogen er koncis, pædagogisk og rigt illustreret med tegninger, fotografier af makroskopiske præparater, mikrofotografier af histologiske snit fra hjerne og rygmarv og hjernescanninger. Hvert kapitel indledes med et resume og afsluttes med eksamensrelevante spørgsmål, hvor den studerende kan teste sin viden.Centralnervesystemets anatomi henvender sig primært til studerende ved landets fire uddannelser i medicin. Begge forfattere har stor erfaring i undervisning og eksamination i neuroanatomi for medicinstuderende. Bogen anbefales også til odontologiske kurser i neuroanatomi samt til studerende ved de mellemlange sundhedsuddannelser med interesse for de kliniske aspekter af neuroanatomien.Bogen er skrevet af lektor, ph.d. ved Institut for Neurovidenskab, København, Martin Fredensborg Rath, og professor emeritus, dr.med. ved Institut for Neurovidenskab, København, Morten Møller.

This book offers a timely snapshot of research, technologies and best practices in the broad area of bioengineering and clinical engineering. Contributions report on advances in biomechanics, biomaterials, and tissue engineering, biosensors and instrumentation, biomedical signal processing, and rehabilitation engineering. Further, it covers topics relating to quality engineering and management of health services, and of engineering education. The book gathers selected, peer-reviewed contributions to the XXIII Argentinian Congress of Bioengineering and the XII Clinical Engineering Conference, both known under the acronym ¿SABI 2022¿, held on September 13¿16, 2022, in San Juan, Argentina, and organized by the Sociedad Argentina de Bioingeniería.

This book addresses X-Ray Imaging Systems intended for biomedical engineering technology students and practitioners, and deals with the major technical components of x-ray imaging modalities. These modalities include film-based imaging, digital radiography, and computed tomography. Furthermore, principles and concepts essential to the understanding of how these modalities function will be described. These include fundamental radiation physics, imaging informatics, quality control, and radiation protection considerations.X-Ray Imaging Systems for Biomedical Engineering Technology: An Essential Guide is intended for biomedical engineering technologists, who provide technical advice and services relating to digital radiography and CT departments not only in hospitals but in private facilities as well. Students in radiological technology programs may also find this to be a useful resource.

This comprehensive guide invites nations worldwide to embark on a transformative journey, implementing independent third-party verification systems that ensure medical devices comply with both international and national regulations. Prepare to be captivated as we delve into the intricate processes, unveil essential procedures, and illuminate the paramount importance of establishing traceability for medical device measurements.Imagine a world where medical devices undergo rigorous independent safety and performance verification, guaranteeing the utmost reliability for patient diagnoses and treatment. This book takes you on a compelling exploration of precisely that vision. Focusing on cutting-edge diagnostic and therapeutic devices, it captures the very essence of the latest international directives and regulations, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve.This new edition goes beyond the conventional, delving into the realms of innovation and progress. Unveiling in-depth maintenance regimes within healthcare institutions, we provide you with invaluable insights into post-market surveillance. As the world embraces the transformative potential of artificial intelligence, we pave the way for evidence-based management of medical device maintenance¿a concept poised to reshape the healthcare landscape.Imagine a future where medical devices are seamlessly integrated into the legal metrology system, while fully operational national laboratories for medical device inspection set new standards of excellence. This book vividly illustrates how such a powerful union can elevate the reliability of medical devices in diagnosis and patient care. Brace yourself for a paradigm shift that not only enhances efficacy but also leads to significant cost reductions within your country's healthcare system.Join us on this extraordinary journey as we unveil the untapped potential of medical device inspection. With our innovative approach and unrivaled expertise, together we can revolutionize healthcare, transforming the lives of countless patients worldwide. Get ready to be inspired, informed, and empowered¿welcome to the future of healthcare!

Fluorescence Molecular Tomography: Principles and Applications is the first book to cover the underlying principles and practical applications of fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) in a systematic manner. Using a tutorial approach, the text begins with an overview of the fundamentals of FMT and goes on to detail image reconstruction approaches (including linear and nonlinear reconstruction algorithms), FMT instrumentations (including time-domain, frequency-domain, and continuous-wave domain systems), and implementation of image-enhancing schemes (including both software and hardware approaches). Further chapters examine multimodal approaches combining photoacoustic tomography (PAT), computed tomography (CT), single-photon emission tomography (SPECT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and discuss bioluminescence tomography and miniaturized FMT from hand-held to endoscopic FMT. A final chapter looks at clinical applications and animal studies. This authoritative and practical guide will serve as a valuable reference for researchers, scientists, clinicians, and industry professionals.The first book dedicated to fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT); Covers underlying principles and practical applications; Written by a leading FMT research pioneer and expert.

Photobiomodulation for the Brain: Photobiomodulation Therapy in Neurology and Neuropsychiatry collects scientific evidence covering a broad range of topics, including the optimum dosimetry, treatment regimens, irradiation sites, irradiance and fluence, treatment times, and possible side effects of this neuromodulation therapy. Over the past two decades, brain photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has been introduced as an innovative modality for stimulating neural activity to improve brain function and is predicted to become a promising strategy for neurorehabilitation in the coming years. This book introduces PBM therapy to the worldwide medical community, providing worthwhile scientific insights and promoting the acceptance of this field among neurologists, psychiatrists, neurorehabilitation practitioners, and physiotherapists, as well as neuroscience clinicians and researchers. From a physics point of view, scientists in the photonics, medical physics, and light-dosimetry fields will also benefit from the book.

Das Buch vermittelt dem Leser ein allgemeines Verständnis der Elixiere Wasser und Blut. Darüber hinaus wird erläutert, dass beide Elixiere nur unter optimalen hygienischen Bedingungen unsere Gesundheit erhalten können. Es wird auch beschrieben, dass in hygienisch sensiblen Bereichen bereits heute, aber noch verstärkt in Zukunft, Hygiene durch Daten-Abgleich auf Basis moderner Techniken (IIoT, Industrial Internet of Things) gewährleistet werden kann.The book will give to the reader a general understanding of the elixirs water and blood. In addition, it will be explained that only under optimal hygienic conditions both elixirs can preserve our health. It will be also described that in hygienically sensitive areas already nowadays but with increasing effort in future hygiene will be guaranteed using data reconciliation based on modern techniques (IIoT, Industrial Internet of Things).

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) continues to mature as a research field and is primed to make a swift transition to routine preclinical and clinical applications. This book will serve two main purposes:Advanced education in QUS by providing a complete and thorough review of all theoretical, physical, and engineering aspects of QUS.Review of recent development of QUS by lead contributors in the research field.This 2nd edition will focus on 6 modern research topics related to quantitative ultrasound of soft tissues:Spectral-based methods for tissue characterization, tissue typing, cancer detection, etc.Attenuation estimation for tissue characterization and improving spectral based methodsEnvelope statistics analysis as a means of quantifying and imaging tissue properties.Ultrasound computed tomography for preclinical and clinical imaging.Scanning acoustic microscopy for formingimages of mechanical properties of soft tissues with micron resolution.Phantoms for quantitative ultrasound.

X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been one of the most popular diagnostic imaging modalities for decades in the clinic for saving patients' life or improving their quality of life. This book is an introductory "one-stop shop" for technological and clinical topics in multi-detector Computed Tomography (MDCT).

This book addresses radiation protection of patients having digital radiography and computed tomography (CT) examinations. The literature on radiation doses to patients from these two modalities have reported that the doses to patients are high. As a result, the radiology community has focused on methods and procedures to keep these doses as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) without compromising the diagnostic image quality. This book outlines the motivation for dose optimization in radiology, identifies and describes the ICRP principle of optimization, outlines the factors affecting the dose in digital radiography and in CT, and identifies and describes strategies used in digital radiography and in CT for dose optimization.This book is intended for all those working in digital radiography and CT environments including radiological technologists, and radiographers, radiologists, biomedical engineering technologists, and student medical physicists. It is bestused as a supplement to radiologic science textbooks, and in particular, radiation protection textbooks. Furthermore, this book lays the foundations for students and practitioners engaged in research on dose reduction and dose optimization in radiology.· Provides practical and useful methods for optimization of doses from digital radiography and CT · Describes the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) principle of optimization · Outlines the factors affecting the dose in digital radiography and in computed tomography

This book, now in an extensively revised and updated second edition, provides a comprehensive overview of both machine learning and deep learning and their role in oncology, medical physics, and radiology. Readers will find thorough coverage of basic theory, methods, and demonstrative applications in these fields. An introductory section explains machine and deep learning, reviews learning methods, discusses performance evaluation, and examines software tools and data protection. Detailed individual sections are then devoted to the use of machine and deep learning for medical image analysis, treatment planning and delivery, and outcomes modeling and decision support. Resources for varying applications are provided in each chapter, and software code is embedded as appropriate for illustrative purposes. The book will be invaluable for students and residents in medical physics, radiology, and oncology and will also appeal to more experienced practitioners and researchers and members of applied machine learning communities. 

Der vorliegende erweiterte und aktualisierte Band ist Teil einer dreibändigen Lehrbuchreihe zur Strahlungsphysik und zum Strahlenschutz. In diesem Band werden die physikalischen und technischen Grundlagen der Strahlungsquellen dargestellt. Jedes Kapitel ist in einen grundlegenden und einen weiterführenden Teil untergliedert. Die weiterführenden Abschnitte können bei der ersten Lektüre ohne Verständnisschwierigkeiten übersprungen werden. Einleitende Überblicke und Zusammenfassungen sowie eine Vielzahl farbiger Abbildungen erleichtern die Orientierung und unterstützen die Wiederholung des Stoffes.

This book is a comprehensive study guide for the therapeutic medical physicist pursuing initial board certification and those participating in continuing education. Medical physics is an evolving field as a result of rapidly developing technology and the focus on evidence-based care in radiation oncology. Recently, the certification body has mandated an online question and answer system to allow practicing physicist to receive continuing education credits.  The questions are designed to test the walking around knowledge of the clinical physicist.  Many physicists specialize in specific treatment modalities, thus limiting their exposure to other areas of clinical physics.  This handbook allows these physicists to stay up-to-date and satisfy the requirements of the certification body.The text is divided into 2 main sections: Questions & Detailed Answers. Question chapters are divided by the ABR content guide and are composed of 15-35 questions. Questions are primarily multiple choice in nature with 4-5 possible answers, but there are also matching questions. Questions review the scope of medical physics, spanning from medical physics theories to day-to-day applications in clinic.  The questions and detailed answers will be set in such a way to address most relevant and commonly tested topics of dosimetry, treatment machine, treatment planning, protection, radiobiology, radiation safety and professionalism and ethics. The questions will most closely fit to what is done in clinical practice. Detailed answers not only explain the correct answer, but also discuss the erroneous remaining answers with the appropriate citation of the most recent protocols, guidelines, publications and task group recommendations. This is an ideal study guide for therapeutic medical physicists in training and in practice, who need to pass a written board examination or prepare themselves for their continuing education requirements.

The rise in living standards increases the expectation of people in almost every field. At the forefront is health. Over the past few centuries, there have been major developments in healthcare. Medical device technology and developments in artificial intelligence (AI) are among the most important ones. The improving technology and our ability to harness the technology effectively by means such as AI have led to unprecedented advances, resulting in early diagnosis of diseases. AI algorithms enable the fast and early evaluation of images from medical devices to maximize the benefits. While developments in the field of AI were quickly adapted to the field of health, in some cases this contributed to the formation of innovative artificial intelligence algorithms. Today, the most effective artificial intelligence method is accepted as deep learning. Convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures are deep learning algorithms used for image processing. This book contains applications of CNN methods. The content is quite extensive, including the application of different CNN methods to various medical image processing problems. Readers will be able to analyze the effects of CNN methods presented in the book in medical applications.

In 2021, over 537 million people worldwide were diagnosed with diabetes, according to the International Diabetes Federation and so the diagnosis, care and treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus have become one of the highest healthcare priorities. Biomedical photonics methods have been found to significantly improve and assist in the diagnosis of various disorders and complications arising from diabetes. These methods have also been widely used in various studies in the field of diabetes, including in the assessment of biochemical characteristics, metabolic processes, and microcirculation that are impaired in this disease. This book provides an introduction to methods of biomedical photonics. The chapters, written by world-leading experts, cover a wide range of issues, including the theoretical basis of different biophotonics methods and practical issues concerning the conduction of experimental studies to diagnose disorders associated with diabetes. It provides a comprehensive summary of the recent advances in biomedical optics and photonics in the study of diabetes and related complications. This book will be of interest to biomedical physicists and researchers, in addition to practicing doctors and endocrinologists looking to explore new instrumental methods for monitoring the effectiveness of patient treatment.Features¿ The first collective book combining accumulated knowledge and experience in the field of diabetes research using biophotonics.¿ Contributions from leading experts in the field.¿ Combines the theoretical base of the described methods and approaches, as well as providing valuable practical guidance and the latest research from experimental studies.

This book provides a description of designing and developing a computer assisted diagnosis (CAD) system based on thermography for diagnosing some of the common ailments such as arthritis, diabetes, and fever. It introduces applications of machine and deep learning methods, and convolutional neural networks in the development of CAD system.

In the history of science the opening up of a new observational or experimental window is always followed by an increase in knowledge of the subject concerned. This is also the case with the subject of this book, ultraviolet radiation (hereafter UV). In principle, the ultraviolet range might be just one more of these windows, of no particular importance. However, the energy per UV photon provides the main peculiarity, its magnitude being great enough to produce important ch- ical reactions in the atmospheres of planets and satellites, thereby a?ecting the transmission of this radiation to the ground. The Sun is the main natural source of UV radiation in the Solar System and our planet is the body where its in?uences can be best tested and the only one where its relation with life can be studied. However, the terrestrial atmosphere blocksmostofthephotonsinthiselectromagneticrangeandastronomershavehad to develop various techniques (balloons, planes and rockets) to cross this barrier and access the information. These tools have been used in parallel to investigate the physical properties of the terrestrial atmosphere and the interaction of its constituents with light. This book will addresses most of these topics.