Islam: liv og lære

Nur ein einziger Schlag reicht aus, um Isas Leben aus dem Gleichgewicht zu bringen. In kürzester Zeit wird aus dem jungen, westlich orientierten Mann ein streng gläubiger Muslim, der sein bisheriges Leben in Deutschland komplett auf den Kopf und in Frage stellt. Auf der ersehnten Pilgerfahrt nach Mekka nimmt sein Leben eine tragische Wendung.Marie erzählt in diesem Buch einfühlsam die Wandlung ihres Schützlings Isa, der Halt in seinem Glauben sucht und damit die enge Bindung, die über mehrere Jahre hinweg bestanden hat, löst. Durch die Ereignisse auf der Pilgerfahrt bekommt Marie Kontakt zu Isas Familie in Syrien und einen Einblick in sein Leben, bevor er nach Deutschland geflohen ist.

Islam offers guidelines for personality development based on the teachings of the Quran and the life of the Prophet. These guidelines are crucial for the emergence of exceptional individuals, who are essential to the establishment of a morally upright and ideal society. It is vital to educate the public about the lives and contributions of scholarly and religious figures in order to develop such individuals. Published in Hyderabad, the quarterly religious magazine 'Behas-o-Nazar' features articles on the life stories and religious practices of well-known individuals. This book presents selection of a few of these articles.

This book Musalmaan ke Aadaab (The manners of Muslims) includes a selection of Sahi Muslim ahadith.¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿

Science and religion have always been at each other’s throats, right?Most things you ‘know’ about science and religion are myths or half-truths that grew up in the last years of the nineteenth century and remain widespread today. The true history of science and religion is a human one. It’s about the role of religion in inspiring, and strangling, science before the scientific revolution. It’s about the sincere but eccentric faith and the quiet, creeping doubts of the most brilliant scientists in history – Galileo, Newton, Faraday, Darwin, Maxwell, Einstein. Above all it’s about the question of what it means to be human and who gets to say – a question that is more urgent in the twenty-first century than ever before. From eighth-century Baghdad to the frontiers of AI today, via medieval Europe, nineteenth-century India and Soviet Russia, Magisteria sheds new light on this complex historical landscape. Rejecting the thesis that science and religion are inevitably at war, Nicholas Spencer illuminates a compelling and troubled relationship that has definitively shaped human history.

About the BookThis book is a humble attempt that follows in the footsteps of a long list of blessed works in the mawlid genre and praise poetry of the Prophet Muhammad, upon whom be God's peace and blessings, such as Mawlid al-Daybäi, the Burdah by Imam al-Busairi, Mawlid al-¿iy¿¿ al-L¿mi¿ (The Shimmering Light) by Habib ¿Umar b. Hafiz and countless others.Whereas other works in the mawlid genre usually discuss the physical birth of the Prophet (s), this book focuses instead on the blessed birth of his reality (s), known among Sufi saints as al-¿aq¿qa al-müammadiyya (the Muhammadan Reality) or al-n¿r al-müammad¿ (the Muhammadan Light), which he (s) describes in a ¿ad¿th as God's first creation.About the AuthorShaykh Müy¿dd¿n Ibn al-¿Arab¿ was born in present day Murcia, Spain in 1165/560. At a young age, he experienced many visions that set him on the path of wal¿ya (sainthood). After accompanying the prominent scholars and sages of Southern Iberia and North Africa, he migrated eastward where he visited the celebrated centers of Islam at the time, including Mecca, Medina, Cairo, Baghdad, Hebron and Anatolia. He finally settled in Damascus where he transitioned in 1240/638. He is considered one of the most prolific Muslim thinkers, with about 250 books, most auspiciously al-Fut¿¿¿t al-Makkiyya (Meccan Openings) and Fü¿¿ al-¿ikam (Bezels of Wisdom).About the TranslatorDr. Ali Hussain has a doctoral degree in Sufism from the University of Michigan, Department of Middle Eastern Studies. He is also a published poet, photographer, and musician. In 2018, he founded The Adhwaq Center for Spirituality, Culture, and the Arts; an endeavor focused on spirituality and creativity in contemporary culture."God has blessed the Pen of Dr. Ali Hussain with a rare perhaps singular gift. In our time, I know of none who drinks more deeply from the wellspring of ash-Shaykh al-Akbar and can think of none better to translate and present this sacred gift to us." ~Prof. Rudolph Bilal Ware

This book analyses engagements with non-Shia practices of Müarram celebrations in the past and present, in South Asia and within a larger diaspora. Bringing together a variety of regional perspectives and linguistic backgrounds, the chapters discuss the importance of Müarram celebrations in terms of their respective actors.

How did the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) converse and engage with other religious believers? This book analyses six models of the dealings in the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), specifically, but not restricted, to the siblings of Abrahamic religious believers.

This book examines the Islamic headscarf cases of the Court of Justice of the European Union and places these in context of the Islamophobia existing across Europe. It assesses how EU law can best protect women who want to wear headscarves at work for religious reasons and why this protection is important not only for the women but also for the EU.

The Black Muslim American Experience is one that is ripe for lessons, and thus necessary to study in order to gain a better grasp of the complexities of living a spiritual, secular AND religious life. Enter the captivating world of an 87-year old Muslim American woman, Delores Daaimah Jardan, as she intimately shares the intricacies of both her biological family and her spiritual family in her powerful memoir, "Etched Into My Soul."Born into a family that converted to Islam during her childhood, Jardan's life experiences are deeply intertwined with the growth of the Los Angeles Muslim community. Through her eyes, readers are introduced to a diverse cast of characters, each playing a crucial role in shaping both Jardan's life as well as the community's evolution. From the fiery activists and scholars, to quiet heroes whose work would often go unmentioned, Jardan's acknowledgements present a nuanced and multi-dimensional portrayal of a community whose history has often been lost.In that way, "Etched Into My Soul" is a rare gem-not only a memoir that illuminates an individual's personal transformation-but also as a vital historical document that sheds light on the complexities of being Black, Muslim, and American. Jardan's memories capture the essence of an era, and her insights make this book an indispensable resource for scholars, historians, and anyone interested in understanding the rich cultural, social, and spiritual dynamics of American Muslims.

Ey Han¿m Karde¿!Bu eser boyunca, SORULU-CEVAPLI bir metodoloji ile konüma ¿eklinde kitab¿m¿z¿ kaleme alacä¿z. ¿lk sorumuzla birlikte, kainat¿n esas amac¿n¿n da kulluk, yani ibadet etmek ve Allah'¿ bu sayede tan¿mak olarak bälayacä¿m¿z bu yolculüumuz boyunca hem iç dünyam¿zdaki hakikati ke¿federek ve hem de varl¿k aleminin nihayetinde yarat¿l¿¿ amac¿n¿ çözerek akl¿m¿zdaki islam¿n temel meselelerini genel olarak ö¿renece¿iz.."Cennet Annelerin ayaklar¿ alt¿ndad¿r." (Hadis-i ¿erif)¿üphe yok ki kad¿nlar erkeklerin dengi, benzeri ve e¿idir. (Hadis-i ¿erif)Kad¿n be¿ vakit namaz¿n¿ k¿lar, y¿lda bir ay orucunu tutar, ¿rz¿n¿ muhafaza eder ve kocas¿na itaat ederse cennet kap¿lar¿n¿n diledi¿inden girsin. (Hz. Muhammed S.A.V.)"Evi için en faydal¿ kad¿n, geçimi en kolay ve masraf¿ en az olan¿d¿r." (Hazreti Ai¿e R.A.)"¿üphesiz ki, ben insanlar¿ ve cinleri ancak bana ibadet etsinler diye yaratt¿m.."Kur'an (Zariyat suresi, 56. Ayet)SEVG¿L¿ Han¿m Karde¿!Bu eser, önceki izledi¿imiz arät¿rma yönü kuvvetli olan eser metodolojisinin tersine, öncelikle islam¿n temel bilgilerini ve ö¿retilerini özet olarak vermeyi amaçlamaktad¿r. Bir insan, anne karn¿ndan kainata ilk gözlerini açt¿¿¿ anda günahs¿z ve temiz bir f¿trat üzere dömütur. Fakat aynen bir nehirdeki kabarc¿klar¿n ve kaynaktan yeni ç¿kan bir suyun kaynä¿ndan uzaklät¿kça kirlenmesi ve o ¿effaf kabarc¿klara de¿i¿ik renklerin müdahalesi ile o ilk safl¿k ve temizlik nas¿l bozuluyorsa, i¿te insan da ayn¿ ¿ekilde rabbini gerekli ¿ekilde tan¿y¿p ibadet etmedi¿i takdirde günah kirleri ve isyanlar ile o safl¿¿¿n¿ ve temizli¿ini bozacakt¿r. Çünkü, insan¿n yarat¿l¿¿¿ islam f¿trat¿ üzerinedir ve e¿er Allah'¿n emir ve yasaklar¿ndan uzaklä¿rsak, i¿te o zaman biz de benzer ¿ekilde o kabarc¿klar ve su misali asl¿m¿zdan kopup gideriz ve günah deryalar¿ içerisine gark oluruz. Dü¿ünün bir kez! Allah size ¿u dünya misafirhanesine müslüman olarak tertemiz, günahs¿z, p¿rlanta gibi berrak, p¿r¿l p¿r¿l ve adeta Cennet çiçeklerinden bir çiçek misali dünyaya indirmi¿ olup ve öyle dahi yaratm¿¿t¿r.SEVG¿L¿ peygamberimiz (S.A.V.) Hz. Muhammed (Aleyhisselam): Her döan çocuk, ¿slam f¿trat¿ (yarat¿l¿¿¿) üzerine tertemiz, günahs¿z, tam bir müslüman olarak döar buyurmütur.¿¿te! Yeni döan bir çocuk nas¿l ki, hiç kimseye kötülük dü¿ünemezse, gerçek müslüman ahlakl¿ kimseler de, dünyada hiç bir kimseye kötülük yapmay¿ dü¿ünemez. ¿¿te bu yüzden, ¿slam¿n da yeni dömü bir çocuk gibi p¿r¿l p¿r¿l, tertemiz oldüu ve her as¿rda Allah taraf¿ndan yenilenmekte oldüu semavi suhuflar¿yla, gelen uyar¿, ikaz ve i¿aretleriyle her as¿rda yenilendi¿i gibi, zaman¿m¿z için de geçerli olup, islam¿n temel esaslar¿ zaman¿m¿z için de de¿i¿meden uygulanagelmekte ve hiç bozulmadan KIYAMET'e kadar devam edece¿i - az kalan bir mü'min cemaat taraf¿ndan da yürütülmü¿ olsa - dahi bundan sonra da zaman¿n de¿i¿mesiyle bozulmayacä¿ ve KIYAMET'E kadar devam edece¿i hadislerde bildirilmektedir.

Introduction to the revised editionAll praise is due to Allah Ta'ala, The Supreme Master of the worlds. Countless Durood and Salaam be upon our beloved Nabi, Sayyiduna wa Mawlana Muhammad [PBUH]. Just as the Qur-aan-e-Majeed is a living mu'jizah (miracle) of our beloved Nabi Muhammad [PBUH], so too are the mubaarak duas of Rasulullah [PBUH]. Every dua that Nabi [PBUH] made is applicable to every period of time and will be applicable till the day of Qiyaamah. The great Muhaddith, Mullah A'li Qaari (rahmatullahi alayh), most excellently compiled the duas mentioned in the Qur-aan-e- Kareem as well as the duas and supplications of our beloved Nabi Muhammad [PBUH], in his booklet titled Al- Hizbul A'zam. These include the duas that Nabi [PBUH] made at the Ka'bah Shareef, in the Hateem, the duas made on the occasion of Haj, in Mina, Arafaat and Muzdalifa, the duas that Nabi [PBUH] made at the time of Tahajjud and in the different battles and expeditions that took place in the twenty-three year period of his Nubuwwat. Each dua was divinely inspired by Allah Ta'ala and will remain a balm for ailing hearts till the day of Qiyaamah. These duas are a means of protection for all Muslims against the harms of this world and the next. It is mentioned in a Hadith, "Dua is the essence of ibaadah." How wonderful it would be to invoke, beg, plead and ask from Allah Ta'ala in the very words of His beloved Nabi [PBUH]. Undoubtedly the words of Nabi [PBUH] will have its own noor (light) and barkat (blessings), as compared to making dua in our own words. This book is excellently divided into seven sections, thus making it easier for the reader to recite one section per day. Many of our Akaabir (elders) would instruct their students and mureeds to recite one section daily as part of their ma'moolaat (daily practices). This masterpiece has indeed gained great acceptance in the court of Allah Ta'ala. People all over the world recite these duas daily and gain great solace from these Prophetic Duas. Hadhrat Shaikhul Hadeeth, Moulana Muhammad Zakariyya (rahmatullahi alayh) in particular, was very punctual on its recitation. The 40 durood and salaam has now also been included at the end of the kitaab. May Allah Ta'ala accept this translation and make it a means of idaayat for the ummah as well as Sadaqah-e- Jaariyah for us all. Aameen.

This volume brings together a series of discussions by scholars from a range of disciplinary, (trans)regional and epistemic perspectives that came out of the Berlin-based "co2libri" networking initiative, with longstanding collaborative partners based in the global South. "Co2libri" stands for "conceptual collaboration: living borderless research interaction". As an interdisciplinary and transregional oriented initiative, co2libri envisages a multicentric perspective that integrates neglected positions of Southern theory and praxis into the heart of academic conversations. Co2libri's collaborative endeavor builds on long-standing active connections with partners in Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and the Middle East. Instead of setting an agenda from the North, it proposes to figure out ways forward through collaborative engagement, building on relationships of mutual trust. Using formats that facilitate substantial and open-ended discussion, we are re-thinking theory and method, academic practices, and research ethics, while keeping material inequalities in view. Contributors to this edited volume are working toward the implementation of various innovative activities, research perspectives and collaboration formats which all subscribe to the principle of dialogue on equal footing with scholars and activists based in divergent positionalities along and beyond the Global North-South divide. In different ways, the authors work toward the goal of producing more adequate, and more sensitive, critical knowledge, and applying a fresh view to approach, methods, and ethical standards. Overall, the volume works, sometimes in exploratory ways, with alternative frames of reference while it presents diverse theorizations of lived experiences.

Nicholas of Cusa (1401¿1464), thinker, polymath, and cardinal, had a long-standing interest in Islam. To date, however, no work has satisfactorily dealt with his volatile attitude towards the Islamic faith and the Ottoman Turks. This book revisits Nicholas of Cusäs attitude towards Islam, criticizing previous work that has overlooked Cusäs involvement in preparations for a crusade, and the significance of Cusäs polemical A Scrutiny of the Koran (Cribratio Alkorani) of 1461. The book also addresses the prevailing image of Cusa as a dove of peace and champion of interreligious dialogue, and suggests an alternative and more complex picture which takes account of Cusäs crusading activities and his attitude towards Muslims and Jews.A significant new study, Nicolas of Cusa and Mohammed will appeal to students and scholars interested in the Renaissance, Humanism, church¿state relations, the history of the crusades, and Nicholas of Cusäs life and works."Nathan Ron sets the record straight about Nicholas of Cusa as so-called pioneer of ¿inter-religious dialogue¿ based on a close reading of the irenic Peace of Faith and the polemical Scrutiny of the Koran, together with his role in mounting a crusade for Pope Pius II."¿Gerald Christianson, Professor Emeritus of Church History, United Lutheran Seminary, Gettysburg; Past President, American Cusanus Society"Nicholas of Cusa often is presented as a champion of interreligious dialogue. This book rightly brings to the fore Cusanus¿ often harsh polemic against Islam and his role in Pius II¿s crusade against the Turks."¿Thomas Izbicki, Humanities librarian emeritus, Rutgers University

This book is the wish of Härat Shaykh Maul¿na Zakariyyah ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ coming to fruition. It was fulfilled by one of his close associates and disciples ¿ärat S¿fi Mu¿ammad Iqb¿l ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿, who was requested to abridge Mulla ¿Ali Q¿ri's ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿izbul A¿zam, which unfortunately few people read today due to the length of the original compilation. ¿ärat Shaykh desired that Muslims, especially the people actively involved in deeni works such as those engaged in Tabligh or teaching in madrassahs to be able to spare time daily for du'¿.Rasulullah ¿ has mentioned that du'¿ is the "essence of worship" and encouraged it. He mentioned many virtues and etiquettes of du'¿. Rasulullah ¿ was himself described as one that was constantly in a state of du'¿. That is why we find in the ä¿d¿th collections a huge treasure of du'¿s that Rasulullah ¿ made himself, du'¿s that he taught to his nation or du'¿s narrated from his blessed companions who were blessed with the Prophet's ¿ companionship and who loved every sunnah of Rasulullah ¿. ¿ärat S¿fi Iqb¿l has collected and arranged numerous du'¿s, which can be easily incorporated in our daily schedule.

This is a book over 20 years in the making. What started as a 60 page essay without any subtitles became nearly 250 pages systematically organized and loaded with references and arguments for most topics in the on-going theological war against those modern Islamic pagans in the guise of Sunni Muslims: the So-called Salafiyyah.

Please note: Urdu VersionTaleef - Mufti Muhammad SalmanFasting is exclusively for Allah: He states, "Fasting is for me and I shall give its reward. And good is (rewarded) with ten times its like." al-Bukhari. It is the month that is generally known as the month of fasting. It is in this month that Muslims, the world over, abstain from eating, drinking and sexual activity from dawn till sunset. With these abstentions there are much deeper meanings than merely staying hungry. In this act of fasting Muslims from all over the world, from all backgrounds and from all financial levels, together leave aside their most basic needs and turn their attentions to Allah, acknowledging that none besides Him can provide. It is a time when the rich feel the hunger of the poor, and thus increase their alms-giving and their expression of gratitude. It is a time when even the irreligious leave bad habits behind them to present themselves before Allah the All-forgiving. One automatically notices the increase of religious fevour that Ramadan brings about. This would be a natural step, judging that Ramadan brings about an increase in reward of each deed by a minimum of ten times. Besides fasting, there is an abundance of ways and actions that a person can adopt to try to please his Lord. These have been presented in this book as well as the relevant Masail of Ramadan. It is hoped that the actions that one finds time to perform in Ramadan, will be developed as a habit to continue throughout the year.

Sumaya war eine Frau, die häufig vergessen wird. Nicht viel ist über sie bekannt. Zu früh musste sie sterben. Zu früh hatte sie angeeckt. Deshalb ist wenig bis kaum Historisches über sie überliefert. Umso inspirierender ist es, was wir über sie wissen. Beispielsweise ist da der Fakt, dass sie nicht nur die erste Frau, sondern die erste Person überhaupt war, die getötet wurde, weil sie sich Muhammads Botschaft anschloss. Die Frage ist aber: Warum gerade sie? Warum gerade eine Frau? In Überlieferungen lesen wir, dass Sumaya zu den sieben ersten Personen zählte, die sich in Mekka öffentlich zur Sendung Muhammads bekannten. Unter diesen Sieben war sie die einzige Frau. Das ist ein bedeutsamer Punkt. Sumaya hat also unweigerlich eine besondere Stellung unter den ersten Gefährten des Propheten Muhammad. Zuvor eine hilflose Sklavin, avancierte sie zu einem Vorbild für alle Menschen. Doch über sie und über die Perspektive einer Frau auf die Sendung Muhammads, wird, meiner Ansicht nach, immer noch zu wenig gesprochen. Mit diesem Werk möchte ich das ändern.

Twenty-Eight Proofs from the Bibleof Muhammad's ProphethoodThe Clear Religion Series - Part 5Excerpted from Who Deserves to Be WorshippedINTRODUCTIONvery individual is born into a religious environment that is notnecessarily in accordance with his or her choice; children areraised to follow the religion or ideology of their family, society, orculture. Even as new-born babies, they are assigned either the religionof their family or the ideology of the state; in some countries, thechild's assigned religion is even recorded on the birth certificate. Bythe time individuals reach their teens, they have usually accepted thebeliefs of their parents or their particular society. Since these beliefshave come to feel normal to them, they may give no thought toexamining and possibly changing them.However, individuals often encounter, or are exposed to, variousbeliefs and ideologies throughout the course of their lives, leadingmany to question long-held beliefs, traditions, or philosophical ideas.They begin to question the validity of their own beliefs. Seekers oftruth often reach a point of confusion, especially upon realizing thatthe believers of every religion, sect, ideology, and philosophy claim toprofess the one and only truth.Amongst these beliefs is the one which Christians hold againstMuhammad (bpuh), the Prophet of Islam, that he is not a trueMessenger of God (Allah, the Exalted).Simply and logically, this book sheds light on biblical proofs thatMuhammad (bpuh) is a true prophet of Allah, whose prophethood wasforetold by the prophet who preceded him: Jesus (pbuh).Before we proceed, here is a reminder that when beginning thesearch for the true religion, one should keep in mind the followingfour things:Firstly, Allah has given us the ability and the intellect to discoverthe answer to this crucial question, which is also a life-changingdecision: What is the true religion?

The Messenger of God, Muhammad, peace be upon him, is the bestand most important Quraish by lineage. He is Muhammad bin Abdullah binAbdul Mutalib. His family is known as the Hashemite family abouthis grandfather Hashem bin Abd Manaf.He was born an orphan. His father Abdullah died when he was in hismother's womb, and his mother, Mrs. Aamina, died when he was six yearsold, so he lived with his grandfather Abd al-Muttalib (the master ofthe people of Mecca) and then with his uncle Abu Talib.The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace,lived among his people, with a good reputation and eloquence inremembrance. He is famous for his honesty and trust. The Quraish entrustedhim for their needs, and thus he was called the truthful and the trustworthy.He, peace be upon him, lived for forty full years (until the revelationcame to him) among a people immersed in ignorance and engrossed inmisguidance, so their infection did not move to him, and their affliction didnot afflict him.He grew up, since his youth, moving away from idolatry, avoidingbeing close to it, and abstaining from amusement parks. When he becameyoung, he loved the seclusion and worshiping for several nights. Then hewould return home and stock up for the same.The Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, began to receivethe revelation at the age of forty years and died at the age of 63, that isthe duration of his message was only 23 years,That period is equivalent to the reign of many presidents andprinces, but he could uproot the roots of associating partners with Allah,idolatry, and worship other than Allah. Also, he instilled belief and faith inhearts and established Almighty Allah's worship alone without associatinganyone with Him and uprooting all corrupt habits from the Arabian island tobe a witness to Allah's support for him, his call his message.

Chapter 1 Islam is the religion of all prophets and the true and everlasting religion.Chapter 2 Interpretation of Islam: What is in God's book may be interpreted onlythrough the Sunnah, the understanding of the Prophet's companions andanalogy with these.Chapter 3 The right owed to God by His servants: Unbelievers incur punishment inhell but this does not negate granting them bene¿¿¿¿ts in this life.Chapter 4 Faith, disbelief and hypocrisy: Which property enjoys sanctity? - Who isconsidered unbeliever? - The status of ignorant people whether deliberatelyor by inability.Chapter 5 The nature of faith: What is faith? - Faith may increase or decrease. -What proves it and who has excuses.Chapter 6 God's names and attributes: Their con¿¿¿¿rmation or negation. - God's will.- Are His attributes comparable with those of others?Chapter 7 God's words and the Qur'an: The Qur'an is His word, whether spoken orwritten. - The ruling regarding anyone who claims that it is a creature.Chapter 8 The nature of religious truth: The relation between religious text andreason.Chapter 9 God's legislation for religion and life: Both are the same. - God's law issuited for all generations. - Deduction of rulings is only in cases whereno religious text applies.Chapter 10 God's determination of destiny: His will and cause and effect.Chapter 11 The inevitability of death: Resurrection, reckoning, reward and punishment,and other matters related to the life to come.Chapter 12 The Muslim community: Its leader and the obedience due to him. - Conditionsof his authority and the ruling regarding rebellion. - What is dueto him from his people and the place of scholars.Chapter 13 Jihad: Its types and conditions. - Intention and obedience of the leader ofthe Muslim community.Chapter 14 The status of the Prophet's companions and their distinction: The best ofthem and the consequences of speaking ill of them. - How to regard theirdisagreements.Chapter 15 Who may be ruled as unbeliever and on what basis: The claim that aparticular person will be in heaven or hell.Chapter 16 Servitude and the nature and extent of freedom.