Petrologi, petrografi og mineralogi

Haben Sie sich jemals gefragt, wie Sie Ihren Freunden und Bekannten erklären können, worauf Sie sich in Ihrem naturwissenschaftlichen Fachgebiet spezialisiert haben? Und haben Sie versucht zu vermitteln, warum dieses Nischenthema unglaublich spannend ist und einen direkten Bezug zum täglichen Leben hat?Genau hier setzt dieses Buch an: Es lädt Sie ein, einen genaueren Blick auf unsere Umwelt zu werfen, ohne sich in technischen Details zu verlieren, sondern eher, um das zugrunde liegende Prinzip zu verstehen. Es bringt Ihnen die Welt der Paläo- und Gesteinsmagnetik näher, ganz gleich, ob sich Ihre Vorstellung von Geologie zwischen bewegenden Erdplatten, Dinosauriern und Steinen bewegt.Das Buch begleitet Sie auf einer unterhaltsamen Reise von den globalen Phänomenen des Erdmagnetfeldes bis hinunter auf die subatomare Ebene der Elektronenbewegungen in Mineralen. Es liefert Ihnen ausgewählte geologische Szenarien für dynamische geologische Prozesse unseres Erdsystems von der Entstehung von Gesteinen in ruhigen Seen bis hin zur Gebirgsbildung. Für das Verständnis sind keinerlei mathematische Formeln erforderlich, obwohl Begriffe wie Paramagnetismus, Ferromagnetismus, Koordinatentransformationen und Anisotropie erklärt werden müssen. Das Buch bedient sich anschaulicher Analogien aus dem Alltag, um komplexe Sachverhalte verständlich zu machen.Ein gelungener Einstieg in die faszinierende Welt der Paläo- und Gesteinsmagnetik in der Geologie für interessierte Laien, Hobby-Geolog*innen, Geowissenschaftler*innen und angrenzende Disziplinen.

This collection presents papers from the 152nd Annual Meeting & Exhibition of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.

This collection presents papers from the 153rd Annual Meeting & Exhibition of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.

The collection focuses on the advancements of characterization of minerals, metals, and materials and the applications of characterization results on the processing of these materials. Advanced characterization methods, techniques, and new instruments are emphasized. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to:· Extraction and processing of various types of minerals, process-structure-property relationship of metal alloys, glasses, ceramics, polymers, composites, semiconductors, and carbon using functional and structural materials.· Novel methods and techniques for characterizing materials across a spectrum of systems and processes. · Characterization of mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical, dielectric, magnetic, physical, and other properties of materials. · Characterization of structural, morphological,and topographical natures of materials at micro- and nano- scales. · Characterization of extraction and processing including process development and analysis. · Advances in instrument developments for microstructure analysis and performance evaluation of materials, such as computer tomography (CT), X-ray and neutron diffraction, electron microscopy (SEM, FIB, TEM), and spectroscopy (EDS, WDS, EBSD) techniques. · 2D and 3D modelling for materials characterization.

This book offers background material, reviews, and researched findings into the realms of minerals, mining, metallurgy, and engineering. Firstly, it elucidates fundamental mineral concepts, mining techniques, and mineral processing methods; secondly, it unveils cutting-edge insights on fine and coarse particle flotation, unveiling breakthrough technologies for enhanced efficiency; and thirdly, it explores the innovative applications of ultrasound and thermoluminescence in mineral processing, offering a holistic view of the latest advancements. This book sheds light on the versatile uses of silicones, the intricacies of bentonite clay, and the production pathways, properties, and applications of hydroxyapatite. Furthermore, the book provides invaluable insights into biomimetic biomineralization, the synthesis of low-carbon bio-cements, and the pioneering strides in mineral-based phase change materials.

This book explores the topic of gyrolite and calcium silicate hydrates, focusing on their potential applications in wastewater purification and as additives in ordinary Portland cement. Divided into five chapters, the book provides a comprehensive description of calcium silicate hydrates and addresses challenges in reusing solid waste. It also covers the synthesis and application of gyrolite, offering technological recommendations for future studies. The results presented are supported by instrumental analysis techniques and thermodynamic calculations, allowing readers to delve into inorganic chemistry and materials characterization. The book is suitable for both researchers and students interested in chemistry and materials characterization, offering valuable insights and guidance in the field.

The book offers novel petrophysical methods for obtaining and characterizing physical properties of sandstone and fractured carbonate rocks. The proposed experimental petrophysical test for the determination of permeability tensor ellipses in fractured rocks at a laboratory scale is a methodology of easy application and does not require complicated equipment. Such a test can be extended with 3D digital petrophysics. The estimation of principal permeability directions is useful in the realization of immiscible or miscible displacements in the rock. This book is of interest for professionals and researchers in the field of petrophysics and oil and gas exploration.   

This edited book is based on the accepted papers for presentation at the 1st MedGU Annual Meeting, Istanbul 2021. With four parts spanning a large spectrum of geological, geochemical, geophysical and petroleum topics, this book presents a series of newest research studies that are nowadays relevant to Middle East, Mediterranean region, and Africa.The book covers various topics from the fields of (1) sedimentology, stratigraphy, paleontology, (2) geochemistry, mineralogy, petrology, volcanology, (3) structural geology, tectonics, geodynamics, and (4) petroleum and energy engineering, and petroleum geology. The content of these papers provides new scientific knowledge for further understanding new case studies and approaches in these various topics.

The book summarizes research work on the Wajid Sandstone, which provides integrated field and laboratory data to enable a detailed description of this unit including a facies analysis, porosity data, as well as permeability data to establish aquifer models. Detailed facies analysis at outcrop scale are supported by vertical and lateral sedimentological sections, facies and environmental analysis and supplemented by detailed laboratory petrographical and petrophysical data. The analysis and interpretation of the outcrop analog models include the reconstruction of the stratigraphic architecture at outcrop scale. Moreover, the results were described statistically, analyzed and eventually establish an outcrop-based aquifer model analogue. The book benefits undergraduate, graduate and researchers working on applied sedimentological studies, hydrogeology, statistical and geostatistical analysis and modeling.

This book illustrates the main modern mineralogical analytical procedures that can be applied for forensic purposes on various typologies of materials and substances and has both theoretical and practical approach. Moreover, it focuses on all those challenges that can arise with forensic analysis, such as the choice of the most proper mineralogical techniques as a function of the material and its quantity, destructive and non-destructive analyses, sampling procedures, mineralogical analysis of micro-traces, correct preparation of the samples, correct calibration and analytical conditions of the laboratory instrumentation. Numerous case studies on criminal offenses against persons, environment and cultural heritage are illustrated.

The volume of Springer Proceedings in Geoarchaeology and Archaeological Mineralogy contains selected papers presented at the 9th Geoarchaeology Conference, which took place during September 19¿22, 2022, at the South Urals Federal Research Center, the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miass, Russia. The Proceedings unite studies in the fields of archeometry, geoarchaeology, and ancient technologies, based on cases from northern Eurasia, and include archaeometallurgy, stone tools investigation, exploitation of geological resources in the past, bioarchaeology, residue analysis, pottery and lithics investigation, use of the GIS in archaeology. A study of non-organic materials, rocks, minerals, ores, metals, metallurgical slags is a special focus of the book. Many papers also use modern analytical methods of isotopic, chemical, and mineralogical analysis to study the composition and structure of ancient materials and the technological practices of past human populations ofModern Russia, Ukraine, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Mongolia. The volume is intended for archaeologists, historians, museum workers, and geologists, as well as students, researchers from other disciplines, and the general public interested in the interdisciplinary research in the field of archaeology and archaeological materials, strategies and techniques of past quarrying, mining, metallurgy and lithic technologies at different chronological periods in Eurasian steppe and adjacent forest zone.

Discover the fascinating world of gems and precious stones with this detailed, comprehensive guide. Learn about the occurrence, value, history, and archeology of North America's most precious stones, and gain insights into some of the remarkable collections they inhabit. If you're a gem enthusiast, this book is an absolute must-read.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.