Hydrologi og hydrosfæren

This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.

Lakes are among the most extensive freshwater aquatic ecosystems in the world. Their evolution results from the interactions of numerous natural and anthropogenic factors. This book includes 12 chapters and presents case studies on the impacts of changes and tectonic movements on the evolution of lake water levels (Section 1), the interactions between anthropogenic activities and the physicochemical characteristics of lakes (Section 2), and the limnological characteristics and their interactions with other components of the environment (Section 3).

This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.

This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!

Some of Nick Brandt's subjects are humans, some are animals, but they all are creatures of equal and obvious personhood. The overwhelming sense in the photographer's ongoing global series The Day May Break is that they are all figuring out how to live in a new world.  Both extreme droughts and floods have destroyed people's homes and livelihoods. Victims of habitat destruction and wildlife trafficking, the animals are rescues that can never be released to the wild. People and animals were photographed in the same frame and indeed convey a sense of connectedness through a shared fate. Fog is the unifying visual, symbolic of the natural world rapidly fading from view; and an echo of the smoke from wildfires, intensified by climate change, devastating so much of the planet. But in spite of their loss, these people and animals are survivors, pioneers entering the new phase our world has reached. In The Day May Break they share their powerful stories.   This set includes the volumes The Day May Break, The Day May Break - Chapter Two, and SINK / RISE, The Day May Break, Chapter three. NICK BRANDT (*1964, London) studied painting and film at St.Martin's School of Art, London. In 1992 he moved to California,where he still lives today. Since 2001, he has documented thedestructive impact that humankind is having on the naturalworld and, as a result, on humans themselves. Chapter One ofhis seminal series The Day May Break featured photographstaken in Zimbabwe and Kenya in late 2020. Chapter Two wasshot in Bolivia in 2022. In the third chapter Brandt introducescolor to the series, highlighting the all-encompassing impact ofthe water.

This book presents peer-reviewed papers of the 2023 9th International Conference on Environment and Renewable Energy (ICERE 2023), which was held in Hanoi, Vietnam, during February 24¿26, 2023, in hybrid mode (both online and in-person). The conference was sponsored by the Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam, and facilitated exchanging the latest and most advanced information between scientists and engineers in the fields of environment and renewable energy. The book focuses on research related to environmental management; water resources management; ground water remediation; water treatment and reclamation; solar, biomass and wind energy; nuclear energy engineering; renewable energy grids; environmental impact assessment; and renewable energy utilization, among other topics. This volume serves as an excellent reference for researchers and engineers seeking to understand the latest technological developments in these fields.

This book is based on the papers accepted for presentation during the 3rd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-3). The book is of interest to all researchers in the fields of geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry. Papers in the field of geomorphology deal with topics related to fault slip and incision rates, soil science, landslides and debris flows, coastal processes, and geoarcheology and geoheritage. Papers in the field of sedimentology cover research studies in stratigraphy and environmental, tectonic, and diagenetic processes, together with studies focusing on the evolutionary, biostratigraphic, and paleo-environmental significance of paleontology. This section also contains papers on marine geosciences, from molecular proxies related to climate to geophysical surveys. The third set of papers focuses on studies related to geochemistry that are focused on sedimentary geochemistry and mineralogical characterization, magmatic and metamorphic processes and products, and the origin and exploration of mineral deposits. This book resumes the current situation related to the abovementioned topics mainly in the Mediterranean realm and its surroundings. The book is of interest to all researchers, practitioners, and students in the fields of geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry.

This book presents a newly designed dynamic fluidic sprinkler (DFS) to improve hydraulic performance of the existing complete fluidic sprinkler (CFS) under low-pressure conditions. Sprinkler irrigation has high prospects for improving water management in crop production. In recent years, low-pressure water-saving has become an important research content in the field of sprinkler irrigation. It introduces the effect of riser height on rotation uniformity and application rate of the dynamic fluidic sprinkler. It also discusses the intelligent sprinkler irrigation technologies for autonomous and remote sensing system. This book will be a useful reference for researchers and professionals in the field of agriculture and irrigation.

Underneath the immense spread of the world's seas lies a domain of unmatched secret and interest - the sea profundities, a space covered in haziness, yet overflowing with mysteries ready to be disentangled. As courageous voyagers and researchers dig into the deep profundities, an embroidery of oceanic secrets starts to unfurl, offering a brief look into the cryptic world that has charmed human creative mind for quite a long time.The sea, covering over 70% of the World's surface, has for quite some time been a wellspring of interest and motivation. Notwithstanding, it is the deep profundities, the significant and subtle locales of the sea, that have remained generally neglected as of not long ago. With headways in marine innovation and the appearance of submarines, researchers have started to open the mysteries concealed underneath the devastating tensions and ceaseless murkiness of the remote ocean.One of the most convincing disclosures from the sea profundities is the revelation of old wrecks that have quietly laid on the sea floor for quite a long time. These oceanic time containers give a window into the past, offering a substantial connection to former periods and sea societies. From incredible vessels lost adrift to neglected shipping lanes, the sea profundities hold the protected remainders of oceanic history, ready to be unraveled and perceived.As wayfarers dive further into the chasm, they experience environments and life shapes that oppose creative mind. Odd and powerful animals, adjusted to get by in outrageous circumstances, wander the profundities in a fragile dance of endurance. Bioluminescent living beings enlighten the dimness, making a hypnotizing exhibition that challenges how we might interpret life's cutoff points. The sea profundities, a long way from being ruined, harbor a rich embroidery of biodiversity that proceeds to flabbergast and baffle researchers.Past the natural ponders, the sea profundities likewise disguise geographical wonders that shape the World's hull. Submerged volcanoes, aqueous vents, and remote ocean channels are only a couple of instances of the unique geographical cycles unfurling underneath the waves. These elements add to the World's actual development as well as assume an essential part in managing worldwide environment and supporting life in the sea's profundities.Also, the sea profundities hold the way to grasping the many-sided elements of the World's environment and the effect of human exercises on marine biological systems. As scientists gather information on sea flows, temperatures, and synthetic structures from the deep profundities, they gain significant experiences into the many-sided trap of associations that connect the remote ocean to the more extensive environment framework. This information is vital for resolving squeezing natural issues and carrying out maintainable practices to shield the sensitive equilibrium of our planet.

The secrets of the dark blue sea have dazzled the human creative mind for quite a long time, welcoming us to investigate the mysterious domains underneath the waves. This tremendous and generally unknown world holds mysteries and marvels that keep on escaping our comprehension. From the 12 PM zone's inky profundities to the dynamic coral reefs close to the surface, the sea disguises secrets that challenge our insight and fuel our interest. Perhaps of the most captivating secret lies in a twilight zone, a faintly lit locale where daylight scarcely enters. Here, odd and supernatural animals explore the limitlessness in close to murkiness. Bioluminescent living beings, equipped for delivering their own light, make a hypnotizing display as they gleam in the inky profundities. The biodiversity in this zone remains to a great extent unseen, with endless species yet to be distinguished. More profound still, in the deep zone, aqueous vents discharge geothermally warmed water, making a desert garden of life in a generally unwelcoming climate. These outrageous environments, covered in dimness and high strain, have strange animals adjusted to flourish in conditions that were once remembered to be contrary with life. Monster tube worms, spooky white and a few feet long, group around these vents, testing how we might interpret the restrictions of life on The planet. The sea's profundities additionally conceal the leftovers of old civic establishments and wrecks, protecting authentic secrets that keep on catching the creative mind of students of history and archeologists. Submerged urban communities and buried treasures lie undisturbed on the sea depths, holding on to uncover their insider facts to the people who try to investigate. The submerged archeological locales, like the lowered city of Pavlopetri in Greece, offer a brief look into the secrets of our past, saved by the dark blue's defensive hug. However, maybe the best secret of the dark blue lies in the neglected districts that actually evade us. The Mariana Channel, the most profound point on the planet's seas, arrives at profundities of north of 36,000 feet. This goliath abyss stays quite possibly of the least-investigated region on The planet, with its outrageous circumstances and squashing pressures introducing considerable difficulties to investigation. What secretive animals and topographical marvels anticipate disclosure in this deep territory? The secrets of the dark blue sea allure researchers, voyagers, and visionaries the same to unwind the mysteries concealed underneath the surface. As innovation propels, permitting us to dive further and all the more definitively into the sea's profundities, the cover over these secrets gradually lifts. Nonetheless, with every disclosure comes the acknowledgment that the sea, covering more than 70% of our planet, actually holds innumerable insider facts ready to be uncovered. The secrets of the dark blue keep on moving stunningness and light an enthusiasm for revelation, helping us that our comprehension to remember the sea is just starting to expose the marvels that lie underneath.

This book is about the technology of using fluid production or injection and pressure measurement signals from wellbores and relating those signals to the subsurface geology and subterranean reservoir properties. It is aimed at students of well-testing and practicing petroleum engineers or geoscience professionals for subsurface characterization and modeling.The topics include the art and science of well-test analysis, pattern recognition of rate and pressure signals, and a quantitative approach for estimating important subsurface geological parameters for subsurface aquifers and reservoirs containing oil, gas, and geothermal resources. The book is also particularly of value as a guide to asset managers actively developing unconventional reservoirs and CCUS.

Tropical cyclones are cyclonic systems that occur over warm ocean waters in tropical areas and have outer circulations that can stretch more than 1000 kilometers from the storm centre. Every year, over 80 tropical cyclones form over the tropical oceans, posing a serious hazard to people and property in many regions of the world. Almost every year, these abrupt, unpredictable, and ferocious storms cause enormous havoc along the coasts and on the islands that they pass through. The typical life span of a tropical cyclone is 6 to 9 days, but it can range anywhere from a few hours to three to four weeks. Tropical cyclones are well-known for their destructive nature, and they are the deadliest of all-natural catastrophes in terms of human and property damage. Around 80-100 cyclones strike the world each year. Except for the South Atlantic and Southeast Pacific, tropical cyclones originate over ocean basins at lower latitudes in all oceans. Low sea surface temperatures in the South Atlantic and Southeast Pacific basins make cyclogenesis difficult. The North Indian Ocean (NIO) is more prone to the creation of storms in Indian areas. The Indian Ocean (both north and south of the equator) is home to around a quarter of the world cyclones. Tropical storm activity increases worldwide in late summer when the temperature differential between altitude and SST is at its largest. Each basin, on the other hand, has its own seasonal cycles. In different parts of the world, tropical cyclones are referred to by different names. They are known as Hurricanes in the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific, and Typhoons in the Western Pacific. They are known as Tropical cyclones in the Indian Ocean. The winds of a tropical storm spin anticlockwise in the Northern hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern hemisphere. Tropical cyclones are restricted to a few places and seasons, mostly in the western reaches of the large tropical oceans. Tropical cyclones attain tropical storm intensity (34 knots or more) per year. Approximately 80% of tropical cyclones develop in the ITCZ (Inter Tropical Convergence Zone) or poles ward. Tropical cyclone development can differ from basin to basin due to differences in terrain, geology, oceanography, and large-scale flow patterns

Environmental pollution is a worldwide concern now. A major section of the world population is struggling for drinking water. Polluted soil is resulting into low agricultural productivity and thus creating challenges in the way of sustainable livelihood of a large section of human population. Biological treatment can offer both green solutions for wastewater treatment and resource recovery as well. Like algal-based systems can be utilized for wastewater treatment and production of biofuels from the biomass grown on the wastewater. Bio-based nanomaterials have been extensively studied for their employability in the health care, process optimization, water resource management, dealing with environmental pollutants, biosensors, and many others. Bioprospecting of novel biological agents, bio-based products, and bioresource recovery are paving the way for sustainable development as they are providing local solutions for a number of problems.In this proposed book, we start with the introduction to bio-nanotechnological principles and later on discuss bio-based nanomaterials employability for a diverse range of applications from environment to energy to health care. This book provides with current trends in bio-nanotechnology for anthropogonic purposes, prospects, challenges, and way forward.

This book is an outcome of collaborative efforts of a multidisciplinary team of scientists. The core objective of this book is to provide cross-sectoral information on the different aspects of the terrestrial environment and ecosystems of Kuwait. The book will be considered as a ready source of information for those seeking information on the terrestrial environment and ecosystems, assessment and restoration, as well as sustainable uses and management. In spite of Kuwait¿s hyper-arid environment, it is rich in natural resources including a wide range of native plants, animal species, different habitats, protected areas, diversified soils and water and oil resources. While the desert of Kuwait constitutes various features, such as sand sheet, sand dunes, nebkhas, inland and coastal sabkhas, rock outcrop, wadis and farming areas, it is rich in flora and fauna (native plants, mammals, birds, reptiles, etc.). Due to changing climate, deserts of Kuwait as well as other countries are under severe threat of degradation and the degradation may be irreversible. To realize these impacts, an effort is being made to provide a ready source of information to highlight the potential threats to the terrestrial ecosystems and formulate adaptation and mitigation strategies for long-term ecosystems services in Kuwait as well as other countries located in a desert environment, such as Gulf Cooperation Council Countries, Africa and countries in the Arab region. The book includes sixteen chapters covering multidiscipline subjects (such as natural resources, climate and climate change, geographical features, terrestrial habitats, ecosystems and threats, water and soil resources, agriculture, food security, water-energy-food-climate nexus, green-grey-blue water footprints of various crops, etc.). Thus, this book is a unique resource that provides the latest scientific information in a single volume.

This book gives a general overview on current research focusing on geoenvironmental issues and challenges in hydrogeosciences in the Middle East and Mediterranean region and surrounding areas. The book is based on the accepted papers for oral/poster presentations at the 3rd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-3). Studies discuss the latest advances in geoenvironmental and hydrogeosciences from diverse backgrounds including climate change, geoecology, biogeochemistry, water resources management, and environmental monitoring and assessment. It shares insights on how the understanding of ecological, climatological, oceanic, and hydrological processes is the key for improving practices in environment management. It is of interest to scientists, engineers, practitioners, and policymakers in the field of environmental sciences including climatology, oceanography, ecology, biogeochemistry, environmental management, hydrology, hydrogeology, and geosciences in general. In particular, this book is of great value to students and environment-related professionals for further investigations on the state of earth systems.

This book is the first collection of state-of-the-art research projects analyzing water conflict and cooperation with an explicitly theoretical point of view. Its fourteen chapters offer a comprehensive and up-to-date overview on how the application of various theoretical perspectives can support the work of scholars and practitioners in mitigating water conflict and developing cooperation.The volume starts out from a literature review on the theorization of transboundary waters in International Relations, which prepares the ground for the demonstration of the latest approaches of scholars currently working on this field. The discussion of their findings is divided into four main sections. The first section deals with reflections and critiques on the grand theories of International Relations, proposing new and more nuanced frameworks for understanding and managing transboundary water relations by going beyond the traditional assumptions. The second section focuses on the catalysts and barriers of cooperation, applying theoretical frameworks which reveal the consequences of the dynamics in power relations and institutional frameworks. The third section investigates into the perspectives at the intersections of theory and practice related to the most practical field within the scope of the volume: water diplomacy. The fourth section introduces new perspectives to provide specific entry points for understanding and managing water conflict and cooperation.Overall, the work intends to demonstrate that the theorization of transboundary waters can significantly contribute to the deeper understanding and the more efficient management of water conflicts and cooperation from several aspects.The authors come from diverse backgrounds, and their individual careers are often related to the intersections of theory and practice in the field of transboundary water management. Their expertise covers water issues from all around the globe, which is reflected in the range of the analyzed case studies. The diversity of the experts involved, their backgrounds, their perspectives, the applied theories, and the analyzed cases was an important priority for the editors.

Sub Stories Titan's Maritime Investigation is a weighty endeavor that dives into the strange profundities of the World's seas, disentangling the insider facts concealed underneath the waves. This dazzling odyssey is a demonstration of human resourcefulness, utilizing state of the art sub innovation to investigate the strange domains of the sea, pushing the limits of why is the world underneath the surface known.At the core of this oceanic endeavor is the Sub Stories Titan, a cutting edge sub furnished with the most recent headways in marine investigation. With its smooth plan and high level designing, the Titan remains as an image of human assurance to comprehend the cryptic domain that covers more than 70% of the World's surface. The vessel isn't simply a vehicle; it is a logical wonder intended to endure the enormous strain and brutal circumstances tracked down in the profound sea.The mission of Submarine Stories Titan is to dive into the deep profundities, investigating submerged scenes that have stayed concealed for quite a long time. The submarine is furnished with a set-up of cutting edge instruments, including sonar planning frameworks, remote ocean cameras, and mechanical arms, permitting researchers and scientists to catch exceptional pictures and information from the sea floor. This abundance of data vows to change how we might interpret marine biological systems, geography, and the innumerable species that call the remote ocean home.One of the critical targets of this maritime investigation is to concentrate on the biodiversity flourishing in the haziest corners of the sea. The Titan's strong lights penetrate through the darkness, uncovering a lively world overflowing with life. From bioluminescent creatures that light up the profundities to tricky and unusual species adjusted to outrageous circumstances, the sub catches the quintessence of a flourishing biological system that has to a great extent escaped human perception.Past concentrating on marine life, Sub Stories Titan assumes a vital part in propelling comprehension we might interpret geography and the World's structural cycles. By gathering tests from the sea depths and directing geographical studies, researchers on board the Titan intend to open the privileged insights of ocean bottom elements, revealing insight into the powers that shape our planet and impact its advancement over the long haul.The excursion of Sub Stories Titan isn't without its difficulties. Exploring through the devastating tensions of the remote ocean requires fastidious preparation and faithful accuracy. The sub's group, made out of prepared sea life researchers and master pilots, work pair to guarantee the achievement and wellbeing of every endeavor. As the Titan dives into the pit, it opens a gateway to a world that is however secretive as it could be stunning, pushing the limits of human investigation and extending our insight into the World's last outskirts.

Drawing on the expertise of marine researchers from both the natural and social sciences, this book examines how we, as both scientists and societies, can return to a sustainable co-existence with the ocean and use the tools of transdisciplinarity to bring together the diverse forms of knowledge needed to achieve this important task.