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Recycling is an act of collecting and processing items that would otherwise be discarded as waste in order to create a new product. Recycled material is being used in an increasing number of today¿s products. Waste management is primarily concerned with a wide range of wastes, including industrial, biological, household, municipal, organic, biomedical, and radioactive wastes. Human activity, such as the mining and processing of basic resources, generates waste and poses health problems that can emerge both indirectly and directly. Waste mismanagement is a serious problem on an individual and a governmental level. Nowadays, the waste disposal business is struggling to adapt to globalized consumerism, a system in which things are manufactured on one continent, purchased and used on another, and disposed of on yet another. Therefore, remediation is often subject to a variety of legal criteria, but it can also be based on evaluations of human health and environmental concerns in cases where no statutory standards exist or when standards are advisory. This book discusses recycling strategies and technologies to find solutions to waste management. Chapters address such topics as biodegradable waste, the circular economy, managing industrial and nuclear waste, and much more.

Dieses Lehrbuch zur Kreislaufwirtschaft (in den Vorauflagen unter dem Titel Einführung in die Abfallwirtschaft erschienen) bietet eine Einführung und Vertiefung für alle studienrelevanten Inhalte zur Kreislaufwirtschaft. Unter Mitwirkung von kompetenten Fachleuten und Experten, die in Lehre und Forschung auf dem Gebiet der Kreislauf- und Abfallwirtschaft tätig sind, berücksichtigt die 6. Auflage die aktuellen technischen und gesetzlichen Entwicklungen, aber auch die Anforderungen an Abfallwirtschaftsbetriebe, Kommunikation an Konsumenten und ökonomische Aspekte. Zahlreiche Abbildungen helfen dabei, das Themengebiet der Kreislaufwirtschaft besser zu verstehen. Am Ende eines jeden Kapitels unterstützen die bewährten Kontroll- und Übungsaufgaben das Lernen. Ein umfassendes Glossar mit Erläuterungen zu den Fachbegriffen sowie ergänzende Tabellen runden dieses Buch ab.

The book highlights the importance of newly developed bioremediation technologies in industrial waste treatment to clean up the environment from pollution caused by human activities. It assesses the potential application of several existing bioremediation techniques and introduces new emerging and application-based technologies.This technology includes several techniques such as bio-stimulation, bio-generation, bioaccumulation, biosorption, physical correction and rhyming-emission. This book describes the limitations and challenges associated with some generally accepted bioremediation strategies and evaluate the possible applications of these corrective strategies to eliminate toxic pollutants from the environment through integrated Technologies in Industrial wastewater treatment.

This book presents possible solutions for a circuler economy (CE) in the water and wastewater sector through an inventory of multidisciplinary knowledge with high scientific and practical importance which can contribute to support the transition to the CE model in water and wastewater sector. Water in modern studies exceeds being an important source for irrigation and drinking. It is now a significant source of renewable energy and a catalyst in most industrial and manufacturing products. The protection and sustainable management of water resources and water-based waste (as wastewater, sewage sludge, or sewage sludge ash) are important aspects of the CE, which is defined as a regenerative growth model that gives back to the planet more than it takes. Our book, entitled "Water in Circular Economy", delivers a comprehensive overview of the latest research covering the following aspects of water management from the perspective of the CE implementation: · Water as a key resource in the circular economy;· Innovative solutions in transition to the circular economy in water and wastewater sector;· Monitoring of circular economy implementation in water and wastewater sector.

Waste management is a topical issue worldwide. In recent years, several requests have been made by citizens and associations to political decision-makers regarding the need for a significant improvement in waste management methods. Particularly considering the significant increase in awareness of social and environmental impacts and the economic consequences of non-virtuous waste management. There is growing attention on legislation and regulation's role in the waste sector. Regulation can help companies and citizens achieve a faster, more effective, and more efficient transition from a linear economy, based on the take-make-dispose paradigm, to a circular economy, in which the potential of waste as resources and secondary raw materials is exploited.This book is set in the wake of economic literature that tackles the transition from the linear to the circular economy. It focuses on the downstream stages of the waste management process (i.e. the waste treatment phase). In this regard, it is proposed a journey through the history of European waste legislation to study the waste sector's transition dynamics from a selfish and no longer sustainable economic model based on rampant consumerism to a far-sighted sustainable model addressing the well-being of future generations. Studying the changes in European waste regulations leads us to ask ourselves the following questions: how has waste collection changed in recent years? What are the new regulatory challenges that must be addressed to achieve the objectives of a circular economy? How successful has the EU legislation been in fostering the transition from a linear to a circular economy? Finally, has the European environmental legislation sprung a convergence process among European countries towards the circular economy, or has the definition of targets fuelled the already marked differences between EU countries?

This book comprehensively reviews the phytochemistry, functional properties, and health-promoting effects of bioactive compounds found in oil processing by-products, and it also explores the food and non-food applications of these by-products. Several oilseeds, vegetables, and fruits are cultivated for their oils and fats, wherein the oil extraction industry generates a huge amount of waste (meal or cake). The valorisation of this waste would be very beneficial not only from the economic and environmental perspectives, but also for the potential applications in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries, in which phytochemicals derived from vegetable oil and oilseed processing by-products play an important role in, for instance, extending the shelf life of several products and providing added-value properties with their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.In this work, expert contributors discuss about the added-value of biowaste from common and non-traditional vegetable oils and oilseeds processing, as well as fruit oils processing, and offer an extensive overview of the different bioactive compounds found in extracts from oil processing by-products and their chemical composition. The book also collects several examples in which oil processing by-products are integrated into industrial activities such as food production, livestock production and in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. Professionals and scholars alike interested in the recycling of agro-industrial wastes derived from vegetable oil and oilseed processing by-products will find this book a handy reference tool.

This book proposes to provide a comprehensive understanding, historical and more recent research with a critical review of several aspects of the flyrock phenomenon along with classification of literature available. This puts flyrock in proper perspective and develop a comprehensive regime for flyrock prediction and control.

This book highlights the notion of Circular Economy under the umbrella of Sustainability because of the widespread momentum it is gaining. Today the whole world is certainly in emergent need of an alternative system to traditional economy which is linear, i.e. make, use and dispose to get rid-off the waste and very important to ensure continuous use of resources, which is possible by the advent of circular economy.  A circular economy aims to utilize the resources in use for as long as possible, extract the maximum value from them during use, then recover and regenerate products and materials at the end of each service life vis-a-vis traditional linear model.  This book discusses circular economy in terms of assessment with various case studies.

This book examines resource recovery and recycling from waste metal dust, including currently used techniques for waste processing and recycling and their applications, with practical examples and economic potentials of the processes. The focus of this book is on resource recovery by suitable treatments and techniques, including those of recovery by-products. For the first time, this book provides a comprehensive, one-stop reference including seminal principles and methods, the advantages and disadvantages of the processes discussed, and the economics of the technology. It will serve as a technical reference for working scientists and engineers, while serving as an educational reference to students studying the waste recovery of metals.

This book, besides discussing challenges and opportunities, will reveal the microbe-metal interactions and strategies for e-waste remediation in different ecosystems. It will unveil the recent biotechnological advancement and microbiological approach to sustainable biorecycling of e-waste such as bioleaching for heavy metal extraction, valorization of precious metal, biodegradation of e-plastic, the role of the diverse microbial community in e-waste remediation, genetically engineered microbes for e-waste management, the importance of microbial exopolysaccharides in metal biosorption, next-generation technologies, omics-based technologies etc. It also holds the promise to discuss the conservation, utilization and cataloging indigenous microbes in e-waste-polluted niches and promising hybrid technology for sustainable e-waste management.Revolution in the area of information technology and communication is constantly evolving due to scientific research and development.Concurrently, the production of new electrical and electronic equipment also thus uplifting in this era of revolution. These technological advancements certainly have problematic consequences which is the rise of huge amounts of electronic obsoletes or electronic waste (e-waste). Improper management of both hazardous and nonhazardous substances of e-waste led to a major concern in our digital society and environment. Therefore, a sustainable approach including microbial candidates to tackle e-waste is the need of the hour.Nevertheless, the continuous demand for new-generation gadgets and electronics set this high-tech evolution to a new frontier in the last few years. With this continuing trend of technological development, e-waste is expanding exponentially worldwide. In the year of 2019, the worldwide generation of e-waste was approximately 53.6 Mt, of which only about 17.4% of e-waste was collected and recycled, and the other 82.6% was not even documented. E-waste containsvarious heterogeneous waste complexes such as metals (60%), blends of many polymers (30%) and halogenated compounds, radioactive elements and other pollutants (10%), respectively. The sustainable, efficient, and economic management of e-waste is thus, a challenging task today and in the coming decades. Conventional techniques such as the use of chemicals, incineration and informal ways of e-waste dismantling trigger serious health risks and contamination to the human population and environment, respectively due to the liberation of toxic and hazardous substances from the waste. In this context, bio-candidates especially microorganisms could be sharp-edged biological recycling tools to manage e-waste sustainably. As microbes are omnipresent and diverse in their physiology and functional aspects, they offer a wide range of bioremediation.

This book documents the various impacts of urbanization on hydrological systems and water resources. The first half of the book is focused on urbanization and surface waters, starting with the status of hydrological systems in the urban areas, i.e. the catchment characteristics and changes in rainfall dynamics. The most pronounced hydrological problems in cities are changes in runoff due to precipitation. Recently, rain events have been less frequent but more intense, sometimes leading to flash floods. Though the substantial increase in runoff causes floods in the urbanized area, it may be attributed to the reduction of infiltration due to construction of roads. This, in turn, results in groundwater decline and depletion. The second half of the book covers the impact of urbanization on groundwater, which starts with hindered or significantly reduced recharge taking place due to altered urban surfaces. The limited groundwater resources are over-exploited by the urban population, leading to water scarcity and depletion. Groundwater gets polluted due to solid waste dumping sites or by wastewaters discharged by industries. The book will be useful for researchers, educators, municipal/city authorities, government officials, and NGOs.

This book reports on the treatment of waters and wastewaters with contaminants of emerging concern such as pharmaceutically active compounds. It shows how to prevent the contamination of the environment with such pollutants in the content of effluents. This book reviews various physico-chemical and biological methods that have been developed in order to deal with the polluted effluents. It also evaluates the already developed technologies regarding the sustainability criteria. The chapters discuss technical aspects and put the spotlight on the sustainability aspects of the water and wastewater treatment technologies.

Earthworm Technology in Organic Waste Management: Recent Trends and Advances is a suitable contribution to the Waste and The Environment: Underlying Burdens And Management Strategies series that will be helpful in classifying and broadly addressing assessments, mitigation strategies, and the management of organic wastes using earthworms. In addition, the book provides a summary of the latest findings on emerging pollution-related issues, their sustainable management, and future perspectives. The book covers recent trends and developments in organic waste management, including the use of earthworms in municipal and industrial waste management, the role of earthworms in vermifiltration/vermiwash, and of vermicompost in crops. Finally, the book covers the potential of earthworms in the remediation of emerging contaminants. This includes antibiotic resistance genes, heavy metals, pesticides, microplastics, and other emerging pollutants that are not covered in-depth in previously published titles.

This book reviews the sources, extraction, processing and applications of value-added compounds from agro-waste, with a focus on drug delivery, tea, apple pomace, lignin nanocomposites, bioethanol, fertilizers and sitosterol. Food residues provide bioactive molecules, enzymes, vitamins, antioxidants, and animal feed.

This book addresses the needs of students, researchers, as well as engineers and other professionals or readers interested in recent advances of biofuel and efficient waste management. In the context of energy consumption, over 85% of the total consumed energy comes from non-renewable fossil resources. Developing new renewable energy resources, especially biofuel production from wastes, has received increasing attention. The book is organized into three sections, namely Section I: Conventional waste management; Section II: From waste to green energy; and Section III: Case studies and future perspectives. Each section presents topic-specific chapters, which contain comprehensive and advanced knowledge of the subjects. Overall, the book covers the recent advances, breakthroughs, challenges, and future perspectives of waste-to-energy approach using different kinds of wastes as a feedstock for alternative biofuels and other integrated approaches such as wastewater treatment, plastic degradation, and CO2 sequestration in a cost-effective and eco-friendly way. In addition, different routes of waste recycling for enhanced biofuel production and case studies are presented with environmental and economic analysis. The presented case studies and future perspectives under Section III complement the chapters as they are authored by experts from bioenergy businesses who actually encounter real-world problems.

The book reviews past and present mine waste management processes. It estimates global water consumption by major mining resources per annum. This consumption will lead land use resources (agriculture and water) to collide with mining interests expected in the near future. With the application of novel metal extraction processes and the adoption of ecological engineering as an approach to waste and water management, a reduction in water and land consumption can be achieved. Using these methodologies would make mining more sustainable. Together with ore and metal recycling, mining methods can be brought into the 21st century.The book describes natural weathering processes and the microbiology of extreme environments, also known as mine sites. The role of microbes in weathering and remediation is emphasized, along with case studies of the enhancement of various ecological processes which curtail weathering and transform pollutants, creating ore bodies of the future.This book has been written as an extension to a contribution to the Oxford Research Encyclopedia. It adds depth and many examples from 40 years of multidisciplinary work with experts from geology, hydrogeology, geomicrobiology and algal physiology and chemistry, items too extensive for the Encyclopedia.          

This book presents five interesting chapters dealing with the sustainability of toys. The concept of sustainability has reached all industrial sectors these days and being practiced in almost all the sectors. One of the main sectors where sustainability has to be embedded to the core is the toy sector. Needless to enumerate the importance of sustainability in this sector especially when it comes to usage of chemicals and so on. There are various elements associated with the sustainability of toys and there is a dearth of published literature on this subject.

This contributed volume focuses on the effects of macro, meso, micro, and nanoplastic waste on marine biota. It discusses the threats posed by plastic waste on the flora and fauna in the marine environment. This book will help in understanding different aspects of plastic waste generation, its transportation with different natural and anthropogenic ways, its accumulation at the seacoast, and its impact on marine biota. The book also suggests strategies for saving marine life from threats posed by plastic waste and presents methods to reduce its generation using different strategies. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, climate change scientists, capacity builders, and policymakers. It also serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and postgraduate students of Ecology, Botany, and Environmental Sciences.

Aromatic Plant-based Phytoremediation: Socio-Economic and Agricultural Sustainability provides knowledge and insights into the phytoremediation capabilities of aromatic crops. This book aims to raise awareness of aromatic crop-based phytoremediation among ecologists, environmental scientists, practitioners, policymakers, and other interested parties. Furthermore, it brings together new and existing knowledge on various aspects of aromatic crop-based phytoremediation, presenting this information in a single source that provides a cutting-edge synthesis of scientific and practical knowledge on polluted site restoration and application that is useful to both practitioners and scientists. Aromatic crop-based phytoremediation provides a solid foundation on which scientific knowledge in the field of aromatic crop-based phytoremediation can grow and expand. This book is a good and instructive text with a format that is easy to grasp and read. It employs a dense literary composition that is rich in depth, clarity, and coverage