Etiske og sociale aspekter ved IT

This book offers an in-depth investigation into the digitisation processes of Europe's border regime. It shows how sociotechnical imaginations of future borders drive forward the expansion of databases in the European governance of mobility. With a focus on the European Union Agency eu-LISA, one of the most significant and rapidly advancing actors in the digital border regime, the book serves as a gateway to understanding the key agents, visions, technologies and practices at work. Asking broader questions about exclusion, discrimination, violence and mobility rights, this is an original contribution to our understanding of future borders in Europe.

"Once hidden behind the veils of entrepreneurship, it is now clear that platforms are reshaping the world of work, and Amazon has been a forerunner in setting the trend. This book examines two key and contrasting Amazon platforms that differ in how they organize workers: its e-commerce platform and digital labor platform (Mechanical Turk). With access to the people who are working at the heart of these platforms, it explores how different working conditions alienate workers, and how, despite these conditions, workers organize within their political-economic contexts to express their agency in traditional and alternative ways. Written for social scientists studying and researching the platform economy, this is a timely and important analysis of work and workers on the (digital) shop floor. --

This is the latest volume in the series of Springer titles on emotional engineering tracking the development of this field.Engineering has been based on the Euclidean space approach and it was numerical data-centric. In short, our engineering up to now has been control-based, i.e., on tactics and problem solving. When we realize AI consumes 10,000 times more energy than human brain, we understand how it is better to use 10,000 people's minds. But current society is industrial society. The industrial revolution introduced division of labour and we started to work for others. But the tremendous consumption of energy indicates that we need to move toward another society. If we can make the next society a self-Satisfying society (SSS) and create a new sustainable society with greater mental wellbeing then many emerging problems will be solved and we can enjoy our lives better. Emotional engineering engages with this challenge.

In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat sich die Welt der Technologie rapide weiterentwickelt, und KI hat dabei eine entscheidende Rolle gespielt. Von selbstfahrenden Autos bis hin zu intelligenten Sprachassistenten wie Alexa, Siri und Google Assistant hat KI unseren Alltag revolutioniert.In diesem leicht verständlichen Buch werden wir uns ausführlich mit Künstlicher Intelligenz befassen und die faszinierende Welt hinter dieser Technologie erkunden. Du wirst die Grundlagen der KI kennenlernen, ihre vielseitigen Anwendungen in verschiedenen Bereichen erforschen und einen Blick in die Zukunft werfen, um zu verstehen, welche Auswirkungen KI auf unseren Alltag hat und was dies für dich und deine Zukunft bedeutet.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th EAI International Conference on Towards new e-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries, AFRICOMM 2022, which was held in Zanzibar, Tanzania, in December 2022.The 30 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 78 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: E-infrastructure; E-Services (Farming); E-Services (Health); E-Services (Social); E-Services (Education); and Advanced ICT.

"When it comes to family rules around video games, most parents are at a loss. How much should I let them play? is always a parent's first question, but when their child becomes irritable, rude, or seemingly directionless, the question becomes more urgent: Help! How do I get them to be interested in anything else?! Known as 'Dr. K' to his millions of followers, the former Harvard Medical School instructor and founder of the unique gamer's support resource Healthy Gamer, Dr. Alok Kanojia has firsthand experience with video gaming and addiction: He needed professional help to break his own addiction in college, and his parents had very little guidance for how to help him. Written to fill the resource void that still exists, How to Raise a Healthy Gamer provides parents with critical information about gaming culture, how games affect developing brains, and solutions rooted in the science treating addiction, including: The neuroscientific and psychological reasons that children gravitate to video games and how addiction develops. Step-by-step guidelines for setting, enforcing, and troubleshooting healthy gaming boundaries. Essential strategies for reaching kids who have developed a serious gaming problem. Special chapters on behavioral issues that often accompany game use: ADHD, spectrum disorders, and substance abuse. Whether a parent's goal is to stop addiction or just promote healthy habits, How to Raise a Healthy Gamer will help them better understand, communicate with, and-ultimately-nurture their children"--

The increase in fake news, the growing influence on elections, increasing false reports and targeted disinformation campaigns are not least a consequence of advancing digitalisation. Information technology is needed to put a stop to these undesirable developments. With intelligent algorithms and refined data analysis, fakes must be detected more quickly in the future and their spread prevented. However, in order to meaningfully recognize and filter fakes by means of artificial intelligence, it must be possible to distinguish fakes from facts, facts from fictions, and fictions from fakes. This book therefore also asks questions about the distinctions of fake, factual and fictional. The underlying theories of truth are discussed, and practical-technical ways of differentiating truth from falsity are outlined. By considering the fictional as well as the assumption that information-technical further development can profit from humanities knowledge, the authors hope that content-related, technical and methodological challenges of the present and future can be overcome.

The book Intelligent Healthcare: Infrastructure, Algorithms, and Management(R) cover a wide range of research topics on innovative intelligent healthcare solutions and advancements with the latest research developments.  Data analytics are relevant for healthcare to meet many technical challenges and issues that need to be addressed to realize this potential. The advanced healthcare systems have to be upgraded with new capabilities such as data analytics, machine learning, intelligent decision making, and more professional services. The Internet of Things helps to design and develop intelligent healthcare solutions assisted by security, data analytics, and machine learning.This book will provide federated learning, Data-driven infrastructure design, analytical approaches, and technological solutions with case studies for smart healthcare. This book aims to attract works on multidisciplinary research spanning across computer science and engineering, environmental studies, services, urban planning and development, Healthcare, social sciences, and industrial engineering on technologies, case studies, novel approaches, and visionary ideas related to data-driven innovative learning and computing solutions and big medical data-powered applications to cope with the real-world challenges for building smart healthcare sectors.Main Features:o  Immersive technologies in healthcareo  Internet of medical thingso  Federated learning algorithmso  Explainable AI in Pervasive Healthcareo  New management principles using biomedical datao  Secured healthcare management systemsThis book aims to set up a better understanding of data scientists, researchers, and technologists under innovative digital health. The reader can find out existing research challenges, current market trends, and low-cost technologies to smoothly address the digital health issue.

This book focuses on Explainable AI (XAI) concepts, tools, frameworks, techniques and applications. It introduces knowledge graphs (KG) to support the need for trust and transparency into the functioning of AI systems, and shows how Intelligent applications can be used to greater effect in finance and healthcare.

"A presentation of the main facts about social media, and research about the relationship between social media use and mental health, to examine both the positive and negative effects. Useful to anybody working in education, social care or mental health. It will also appeal to an educated general readership"--

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Persuasive Technology, PERSUASIVE 2023, held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, April 19¿21, 2023.The 24 full papers and 2 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 69 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Persuasive Technologies in Virtual and Augmented Reality; Persuasive Strategies; Persuasive Design and Applications; Methods for Tailoring and Personalisation; Artificial Persuasive Agents; Gamification; and Personal Factors in Persuasion.

Das Buch vertieft und beschreibt auf breiter Front mögliche Wege in die Zukunft. Vieles wird anders sein, im Guten und im Bösen. Die menschliche, biologische Intelligenz kann nicht unendlich wachsen. Folgt ihr die rasend steigende künstliche Intelligenz? Was ist diese überhaupt? Wohin steuert die Verflechtung Menschheit + KI? Wer sind wir? Wohin gehen wir? Der Blick in die Zukunft muss so viel wie möglich erfassen von dem, was der Inhalt unseres Lebens und Denkens ist: Bewusstsein, Wahrnehmung und Realität, die quälenden Entitäten-Probleme der modernen Physik, Krieg und Frieden, Freiheit und freier Wille, Recht und Unrecht, Leben und Tod, künstliche Evolution und vieles mehr. Entlang solcher Fragen bewegen sich auch vorher veröffentlichte Bücher desselben Autors: Analiza si sinteza modulara (rumänisch); Wohin Musik? (deutsch).

'An essential resource. Howson strikes not just at cryptocurrency, but the frauds who promote blockchain technology as a solution to any social problem' David Gerard, author of Attack of the 50 Foot Blockchain'A merciless takedown of attempts to apply blockchain to the world's biggest problems ... If you are thinking of using blockchain for good, read this first' Professor Villi Lehdonvirta, University of OxfordThe subject of immense hope, hype and confusion, crypto has amassed countless headlines in recent years. With cryptocurrencies, NFTs and metaverse markets crashing, the underlying blockchain technology is still promised to solve global development challenges, and revolutionise every industry. But is the technology really a silver bullet?Peter Howson cuts through the jargon and bluster to tell an alarming story of how right-wing libertarian crypto entrepreneurs - often aided by charities, politicians and philanthropists - seek out and exploit conditions of poverty, oppression, corruption and conflict. Their goal? A new front of 'crypto-colonial' extractivism. Let Them Eat Crypto reveals the alarming truth: far from 'banking the unbanked', saving the gorillas, or freeing people from oppressive governments, blockchain offers only false solutions, surveillance and hi-tech snake oil.Peter Howson is a technology writer, researcher and Assistant Professor in International Development at Northumbria University. His work has appeared in Reuters, The Independent, The Conversation, Novara, Jacobin and Coindesk. He investigates the green-washing, aid-washing and crypto-shenanigans that go on in Silicon Valley, as well as the lesser-known tech-hubs of the Global South.

Microorganisms, viruses, and computer programs encode all the information necessary to reproduce and spread themselves. Yet these mechanisms are amazingly similar in the animate world, in the world of viruses, and even in the world of technical systems. The book shows how great the parallels are between these various animate and inanimate replicating systems and what they are based on.The excursion also leads into the fascinating world of genetics, to the question of what defines life and into the programming of software that multiplies itself independently. Finally, the question is derived whether and to what extent such self-replicating technical systems can become as dangerous as infectious viruses in triggering pandemics, such as the Corona pandemic in 2020.

¿Diese erweiterte 2. Auflage richtet sich an die regelmäßigen Benutzer von IT, also Berufstätige sowie Schüler, Studierende und Lehrer. Das Buch beschreibt das relevante Universum der Informatik und der Informationstechnologie, von den grundlegenden Prinzipien bis zur sozialen und gesellschaftspolitischen Bedeutung. Neu und erweitert sind u. a. Themen zu virtuellen Welten, zum Metaversum, zu digitalen Zwillingen sowie zu Aspekten von Verwaltung und Digitalisierung. Anhand zahlreicher Beispiele sowie Illustrationen und Grafiken wird die relevante IT-Umgebung der modernen Nichtfachperson dargestellt. Büroapplikationen, soziale Medien, Spiele und Hardwaretrends sowie die verwendeten Devices werden erklärt und in Zusammenhang gebracht.In einem Kapitel werden die ersten Grundlagen zur Programmierung der sehr populären Blocksprache Scratch gelegt. Zu jedem Kapitel werden zehn Fragen zum Inhalt gestellt, um dem Leser oder der Leserin eine Stütze zum gelesenen Inhalt zu geben und die Kompetenzen zu erweitern.Der InhaltGanz kurze Geschichte der IT · Alles ist Zahl · Computer als Hardware · Betriebssystem und Benutzeroberfläche · Netzwerke · Datenorganisation · IT-Entwicklung · IT-Organisation · Programmierung · Applikationen · Cloud-Computing · Sicherheit · Information und Medien · Künstliche Intelligenz · Virtuelle Welten · IT, Digitalisierung und GesellschaftDie ZielgruppenAlle Professionals mit Interesse an IT und InformatikSachbearbeiter mit BüroarbeitsplatzSchüler, Lehrer, ElternDer AutorClaudio Franzetti hat nach dem Studium der Ingenieurwissenschaften an der ETH Zürich als Forschungsingenieur bei BBC und ABB im Bereich Computational Fluid Dynamics gearbeitet und intensive Erfahrungen in der Simulation auf Großrechnern erlangt. Nach einem Betriebswirtschaftsstudium an der Hochschule St. Gallen hat er im Bereich Finanzen bei Versicherungen und Banken gearbeitet, wo er auch für quantitative Risikoberechnungen und zum Teil für die Gesamt-IT zuständig war.

Die Befugnisse der Strafverfolgungsbehörden für die Erhebungen von Daten bei Privaten - primär die §§ 94 ff. sowie § 161 I 1 StPO - stammen im Kern noch aus dem 19. Jahrhundert. Können diese in Anbetracht der Entwicklung der verfassungsrechtlichen Maßstäbe des Datenschutzrechts noch eine verfassungsrechtlich tragfähige Eingriffsgrundlage bilden? Emma Peters setzt sich mit den tatsächlichen Kommunikationsbedingungen der Informationsgesellschaft, den Reaktionen in der Praxis der Strafverfolgung im Rahmen des einfachen Rechts sowie der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts zum Datenschutzrecht auseinander. Sie zeigt auf, dass die scheinbar selbstverständlichen Ermittlungsbefugnisse zur Datenerhebung bei Privaten mit der Entwicklung des Datenschutzes in den letzten 20 Jahren, wie sie insbesondere in der Rechtsprechung des Ersten Senats des Bundesverfassungsgerichts geprägt wurden, nicht mehr ohne weiteres vereinbar sind und grundlegendem Reformbedarf unterliegen.

Smartphones and Information on Current Events provides unprecedented insights into young people's news consumption patterns and the ecology of mobile news. Advancing our knowledge of mobile behaviour, the book also highlights the ways in which mobile news impacts the lives of the general public.

This volume provides the basis for contemporary privacy and social media research and informs global as well as local initiatives to address issues related to social media privacy through research, policymaking, and education.Renowned scholars in the fields of communication, psychology, philosophy, informatics, and law look back on the last decade of privacy research and project how the topic will develop in the next decade. The text begins with an overview of key scholarship in online privacy, expands to focus on influential factors shaping privacy perceptions and behaviors - such as culture, gender, and trust - and continues with specific examinations of concerns around vulnerable populations such as children and older adults. It then looks at how privacy is managed and the implications of interacting with artificial intelligence, concluding by discussing feasible solutions to some of the more pressing questions surrounding online privacy.This handbook will be a valuable resource for advanced students, scholars, and policymakers in the fields of communication studies, digital media studies, psychology, and computer science.

Humanized AI (HAI), emerging as the next of the AI waves, refers to artificial social beings that are very close to humans in various aspects, beings who are machine-race humans, not digital slaves. Foundation, Architecture and Prototyping of Humanized AI deploys a novel small-data approach to vertically explore the spectrum of HAI.

Object Lessons is a series of short, beautifully designed books about the hidden lives of ordinary things.Barcodes are about as ordinary as an object can be. Billions of them are scanned each day and they impact everything from how we shop to how we travel to how the global economy is managed. But few people likely give them more than a second thought. In a way, the barcode's ordinariness is the ultimate symbol of its success.However, behind the mundanity of the barcode lies an important history. Barcodes bridged the gap between physical objects and digital databases and paved the way for the contemporary Internet of Things, the idea to connect all devices to the web. They were highly controversial at points, protested by consumer groups and labor unions, and used as a symbol of dystopian capitalism and surveillance in science fiction and art installations. This book tells the story of the barcode's complicated history and examines how an object so crucial to so many parts of our lives became more ignored and more ordinary as it spread throughout the world.Object Lessons is published in partnership with an essay series in The Atlantic.

The emergence of artificial intelligence has triggered enthusiasm and promise of boundless opportunities as much as uncertainty about its limits. The contributions to this volume explore the limits of AI, describe the necessary conditions for its functionality, reveal its attendant technical and social problems, and present some existing and potential solutions. At the same time, the contributors highlight the societal and attending economic hopes and fears, utopias and dystopias that are associated with the current and future development of artificial intelligence.

A gripping new investigation into the underbelly of digital technology, which reveals not only how costly the virtual world is, but how damaging it is to the environment.If digital technology were a country, it would be the third-highest consumer of electricity behind China and the United States.Every year, streaming technology generates as much greenhouse gas as Spain - close to 1 per cent of global emissions.One Google search uses as much electricity as a lightbulb left on for up to two minutes.It turns out that the 'dematerialised' digital world, essential for communicating, working, and consuming, is much more tangible than we would like to believe. Today, it absorbs 10 per cent of the world's electricity and represents nearly 4 per cent of the planet's carbon dioxide emissions. We are struggling to understand these impacts, as they are obscured to us in the mirage of 'the cloud'.The result of an investigation carried out over two years on four continents, The Dark Cloud reveals the anatomy of a technology that is virtual only in name. Under the guise of limiting the impact of humans on the planet, it is already asserting itself as one of the major environmental challenges of the twenty-first century.

Terrorism, global pandemics, climate change, wars and all the major threats of our age have been targets of online extremism. The same social media occupying the heartland of our social world leaves us vulnerable to cybercrime, electoral fraud and the 'fake news' fuelling the rise of far-right violence and hate speech. In the face of widespread calls for action, governments struggle to reform legal and regulatory frameworks designed for an analogue age. And what of our rights as citizens? As politicians and lawyers run to catch up to the future as it disappears over the horizon, who guarantees our right to free speech, to free and fair elections, to play video games, to surf the Net, to believe 'fake news'? Rethinking Social Media and Extremism offers a broad range of perspectives on violent extremism online and how to stop it. As one major crisis follows another and a global pandemic accelerates our turn to digital technologies, attending to the issues raised in this book becomes ever more urgent. -- Publisher.

The book addresses the challenge of living in a multilingual world from three perspectives: socio-linguistics and the study of multilingualism in contrast, philosophy of technology with its emphasis on the world as a technosphere¿how it is made, how it is experienced, and how it can be managed, and then pedagogy and the question of teaching and learning to competently negotiate multilingual environments. In today¿s multicultural and multilingual world, technologies provide a common ground. The story of the technosphere as a multilingual environment offers new perspective, namely that of learning to cooperate and coordinate.