Kompilatorer og fortolkere

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Trustworthy Global Computing, TGC 2011, held in Aachen, Germany, in June 2011. The 14 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on modeling formalisms for concurrent systems; model checking and quantitative extensions thereof; semantics and analysis of modern programming languages; probabilistic models for concurrency; and testing and run-time verification.

Iterating Infusion: Clearer Views of Objects, Classes, and Systems is a one-of-a-kind book, not dependent on any single technology. Rather, it provides a way to integrate the most efficient techniques from a variety of programming methods, in a manner that makes designing and programming software look easy.Iterating Infusion presents comprehensive tools for you to best manage and work with object orientation. These include simplified fundamental concepts, popular language comparisons, advanced designing strategies, a broad usage progression, thorough design notations (interaction algebra), and data-oriented (fundamentally-OO) languages.The title, Iterating Infusion, alludes to the fact that any system has multiple, coexisting functional levels and that new levels—both lower and higher—are continually added to the same functional area. The practical effect is to bring processes into focus, always clarifying the vague. The extreme form of this is when separate but compatible technologies are brought together to create advancements; these can be baby-steps or great leaps, with varying amounts of effort. In more general terms, the same thing in a different context can take on much more power. And actually, this phenomenon is at the heart of object-oriented software.Readers have been confirming that, compared to books on just low-level details, Iterating Infusion presents cohesive insights that allow you to solve more problems with the same effort in more key places.

1 The tenth anniversary of the LOPSTR symposium provided the incentive for this volume. LOPSTR started in 1991 as a workshop on logic program synthesis and transformation, but later it broadened its scope to logic-based program development in general, that is, program development in computational logic, and hence the title of this volume. The motivating force behind LOPSTR has been the belief that declarative paradigms such as logic programming are better suited to program development tasks than traditional non-declarative ones such as the imperative paradigm. Speci?cation, synthesis, transformation or specialization, analysis, debugging and veri?cation can all be given logical foundations, thus providing a unifying framework for the whole development process. In the past 10 years or so, such a theoretical framework has indeed begun to emerge. Even tools have been implemented for analysis, veri?cation and speci- ization. However,itisfairtosaythatsofarthefocushaslargelybeenonprogrammi- in-the-small. So the future challenge is to apply or extend these techniques to programming-in-the-large, in order to tackle software engineering in the real world. Returning to this volume, our aim is to present a collection of papers that re?ect signi?cant research e?orts over the past 10 years. These papers cover the wholedevelopmentprocess:speci?cation,synthesis,analysis,transformationand specialization, as well as semantics and systems.

The Ninth International Conference on Reliable Software Technologies, Ada- Europe 2004, took place in Palma, Spain, June 14-18, 2004. It was sponsored by Ada-Europe, the European federation of national Ada societies, and Ada- Spain, in cooperation with ACM SIGAda. It was organized by members of the University of the Balearic Islands (UIB). As in past years, the conference comprised a three-day technical program, during which the papers contained in these proceedings were presented, along with vendor presentations. The technical program was bracketed by two tutorial days, when the attendees had the opportunity to catch up on a variety of topics related to the ?eld, at both introductory and advanced levels. Furthermore, the conference was accompanied by an exhibition where vendors presented their products for supporting reliable-software development. Invited Speakers Theconferencepresentedfourdistinguishedspeakers,whodeliveredstate-of-t- art information on topics of great importance, both for now and for the future of software engineering: - S. Tucker Taft, SoftCheck Inc., USA Fixing software before it breaks: using static analysis to help solve the so- ware quality quagmire - Martin Gogolla, University of Bremen, Germany Bene?ts and problems of formal methods - Antoni Oliv' e, Polytechnical University of Catalonia, Spain On the role of conceptual schemas in information systems' development - Stephen Vinoski, IONA Technologies in Waltham, USA Can middleware be reliable? Wewouldliketoexpressoursinceregratitudetothesedistinguishedspeakers, well known to the community, for sharing their insights with the conference participants. Submitted Papers Alargenumberofpapersweresubmitted,fromasmanyas15di?erentcountries.

This volume contains the proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods (ICFEM 2003). The conference was the ?fth in a series that began in 1997. ICFEM 2003 was held in Singapore during 5-7 November 2003. ICFEM 2003 aimed to bring together researchers and practitioners from - dustry, academia, and government to advance the state of the art in formal engineering methods and to encourage a wider uptake of formal methods in industry. The Program Committee received 91 submissions from more than 20 co- tries in various regions. After each paper was reviewed by at least three referees in each relevant ?eld, 34 high-quality papers were accepted based on originality, technical content, presentation and relevance to formal methods and software engineering. We wish to sincerely thank all authors who submitted their work for consideration. We would also like to thank the Program Committee members and other reviewers for their great e?orts in the reviewing and selecting process. Weareindebtedtothethreekeynotespeakers,Prof.IanHayesoftheUniv- sity of Queensland, Prof. Mathai Joseph of the Tata Research, Development and DesignCentre,andDr.ColinO'HalloranofQinetiQ,foracceptingourinvitation to address the conference.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Embedded Software, EMSOFT 2003, held in Philadelphia, PA, USA in October 2003.The 20 revised full papers presented together with three invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 60 submissions. All current topics in embedded software are addressed: formal methods and model-based development, middleware and fault tolerance, modelling and analysis, programming languages and compilers, real-time scheduling, resource-aware systems, and systems on a chip.

Formal methods provide system designers with the possibility to analyze system models and reason about them with mathematical precision and rigor. The use of formal methods is not restricted to the early development phases of a system, though. The di?erent testing phases can also bene?t from them to ease the p- duction and application of e?ective and e?cient tests. Many still regard formal methods and testing as an odd combination. Formal methods traditionally aim at verifying and proving correctness (a typical academic activity), while testing shows only the presence of errors (this is what practitioners do). Nonetheless, there is an increasing interest in the use of formal methods in software testing. It is expected that formal approaches are about to make a major impact on eme- ing testing technologies and practices. Testing proves to be a good starting point for introducing formal methods in the software development process. This volume contains the papers presented at the 3rd Workshop on Formal Approaches to Testing of Software, FATES 2003, that was in a?liation with the IEEE/ACM Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE 2003). This year, FATES received 43 submissions. Each submission was reviewed by at least three independent reviewers from the program committee with the help of - ditional reviewers. Based on their evaluations, 18 papers submitted by authors from 13 di?erent countries were selected for presentation at the workshop.

This volume contains the proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Software and Compilers for Embedded Systems, SCOPES 2003, held in Vienna, Austria, September 24-26, 2003. Initially, the workshop was referred to as the International Workshop on Code Generation for Embedded Systems. The ?rst workshop took place in 1994 in Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany. From its beg- nings, the intention of the organizers was to create an atmosphere in which the researcherscould participateactively in dynamic discussionsand pro?t from the assembly of international experts in the ?eld. It was at the fourth workshop, in St. Goar, Germany, in 1999, that the spectrum of topics of interest for the workshop was extended, and not only code generation, but also software and compilers for embedded systems, were considered. The change in ?elds of interest led to a change of name, and this is when the present name was used for the ?rst time. Since then, SCOPES has been held again in St. Goar, Germany, in 2001; Berlin, Germany, in 2002; and this year, 2003, in Vienna, Austria. In response to the call for papers, 43 very strong papers from all over the world were submitted. The program committee selected 26 papers for pres- tation at SCOPES 2003. All submitted papers were reviewed by at least three experts in order to ensure the quality of the work presented at the workshop.

In the past ten years or so, software architecture has emerged as a central notion in the development of complex software systems. Software architecture is now accepted in the software engineering research and development community as a manageable and meaningful abstraction of the system under development and is applied throughout the software development life cycle, from requirements analysis and validation, to design and down to code and execution level.This book presents the tutorial lectures given by leading authorities at the Third International School on Formal Methods for the Design of Computer, Communication and Software Systems, SFM 2003, held in Bertinoro, Italy, in September 2003. The book is ideally suited for advanced courses on software architecture as well as for ongoing education of software engineers using formal methods in their day-to-day professional work.

Next-generation distributed applications and systems are increasingly developed using middleware. This dependency poses hard R&D challenges, including - tency hiding, masking partial failure, information assurance and security, legacy integration, dynamic service partitioning and load balancing, and end-to-end quality of service speci?cation and enforcement. To address these challenges, researchers and practitioners must discover and validate techniques, patterns, and optimizations for middleware frameworks, multi-level distributed resource management, and adaptive and re?ective middleware architectures. Following the success of the past IFIP/ACM Middleware conferences (Lake District/UK, Palisades/USA, and Heidelberg/Germany) and building upon the success of past USENIX COOTS conferences, the Middleware 2003 conference is the premier international event for middleware research and technology. The scope of the conference is the design, implementation, deployment, and eval- tion of distributed system platforms, architectures, and applications for future computing and communication environments. This year, we had a record of 158 submissions, among which the top 25 - pers were selected for inclusion in the technical program of the conference. All papers were evaluated by at least three reviewers with respect to their origin- ity,technicalmerit,presentationquality,andrelevancetotheconferencethemes. The selected papers present the latest results and breakthroughs on middleware research in areas including peer-to-peer computing, publish-subscriber archit- tures, component- and Web-based middleware, mobile systems, and adaptive computing.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications, RTA 2001, held in Utrecht, The Netherlands, in May 2001.The 23 revised full papers presented together with two system descriptions were carefully reviewed and selected from 55 submissions. All current aspects of rewriting are addressed.

The Sixth International Conference on Reliable Software Technologies, Ada- Europe 2001, took place in Leuven, Belgium, May 14-18, 2001. It was sponsored by Ada-Europe, the European federation of national Ada societies, in cooperation with ACM SIGAda, and it was organized by members of the K.U. Leuven and Ada- Belgium. This was the 21st consecutive year of Ada-Europe conferences and the sixth year of the conference focusing on the area of reliable software technologies. The use of software components in embedded systems is almost ubiquitous: planes fly by wire, train signalling systems are now computer based, mobile phones are digital devices, and biological, chemical, and manufacturing plants are controlled by software, to name only a few examples. Also other, non-embedded, mission-critical systems depend more and more upon software. For these products and processes, reliability is a key success factor, and often a safety-critical hard requirement. It is well known and has often been experienced that quality cannot be added to software as a mere afterthought. This also holds for reliability. Moreover, the reliability of a system is not due to and cannot be built upon a single technology. A wide range of approaches is needed, the most difficult issue being their purposeful integration. Goals of reliability must be precisely defined and included in the requirements, the development process must be controlled to achieve these goals, and sound development methods must be used to fulfill these non-functional requirements.

Computers are gaining more and more control over systems that we use or rely on in our daily lives, privately as well as professionally. In safety-critical applications, as well as in others, it is of paramount importance that systems controled by a computer or computing systems themselves reliably behave in accordance with the specification and requirements, in other words: here correctness of the system, of its software and hardware is crucial. In order to cope with this callenge, software engineers and computer scientists need to understand the foundations of programming, how different formal theories are linked together, how compilers correctly translate high-level programs into machine code, and why transformations performed are justifiable. This book presents 17 mutually reviewed invited papers organized in sections on methodology, programming, automation, compilation, and application.

Die Grundkenntnisse objektorientierter Methodik, deren zugrundeliegende Konzepte, sowie Analyse- und Entwurfstechniken sind Gegenstand dieses Lehrbuchs. Anwendungsbeispiele und die Programmierung in C++ runden das Werk ab. Im Vordergrund steht dabei, Antworten auf alle Fragen zu erhalten, die sich bei einem Einstieg in die objektorientierte Programmierung und dem Einsatz moderner Spezifikationstechniken wie der "e;Unified Modeling Language"e; UML stellen. Viele Themen werden mit Beispielen illustriert und mit praxisnahen Ubungen zum "e;Weiterdenken"e; angeboten. Das Buch eignet sich zum Selbststudium, zum Einsatz in der Lehre und als Ubersicht fur das Management.