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Containing over 300 entries in an A-Z format, the Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing provides easy, intuitive access to relevant information for professionals and researchers seeking access to any aspect within the broad field of parallel computing. Topics for this comprehensive reference were selected, written, and peer-reviewed by an international pool of distinguished researchers in the field. The Encyclopedia is broad in scope, covering machine organization, programming languages, algorithms, and applications. Within each area, concepts, designs, and specific implementations are presented. The highly-structured essays in this work comprise synonyms, a definition and discussion of the topic, bibliographies, and links to related literature. Extensive cross-references to other entries within the Encyclopedia support efficient, user-friendly searchers for immediate access to useful information. Key concepts presented in the Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing include; laws and metrics; specific numerical and non-numerical algorithms; asynchronous algorithms; libraries of subroutines; benchmark suites; applications; sequential consistency and cache coherency; machine classes such as clusters, shared-memory multiprocessors, special-purpose machines and dataflow machines; specific machines such as Cray supercomputers, IBM's cell processor and Intel's multicore machines; race detection and auto parallelization; parallel programming languages, synchronization primitives, collective operations, message passing libraries, checkpointing, and operating systems. Topics covered: Speedup, Efficiency, Isoefficiency, Redundancy, Amdahls law, Computer Architecture Concepts, Parallel Machine Designs, Benmarks, Parallel Programming concepts & design, Algorithms, Parallel applications. This authoritative reference will be published in two formats: print and online. The online edition features hyperlinks to cross-references and to additional significant research. Related Subjects: supercomputing, high-performance computing, distributed computing

The database industry is clearly a multi-billion, world-wide, all-encompassing part of the software world. This is part thanks to the standardization of query languages in the form of SQL. And yet, it is well known that SQL has significant shortcomings.  Quantifiers in Action: Generalized Quantification in Query, Logical and Natural Languages analyzes one of those shortcomings, the way in which quantification is dealt with in SQL. It is well known that most query languages are simply versions of First Order Logic (FOL). GQs are an extension of the idea of quantifier in FOL. Hence, GQs can be a meaningful extension of the treatment of quantification in query languages. Even though studied within the theoretical community up until now, GQs can be successfully applied, and are a perfect example of a practical theory within databases.This book provides a brief background in logic and introduces the concept of GQs, and then develops a query language based on GQs, called QLGQ. Using QLGQ, the reader explores the efficient implementation of the concept, always a primary consideration in databases. This professional book also includes several extensions, for use with documents employing question and answer techniques.Quantifiers in Action: Generalized Quantification in Query, Logical and Natural Languages is the result of several years of research funded by NSF through a CAREER Award. It is designed for practitioners and researchers that work within the database management field. This volume is also suitable for graduate-level students in computer science.

Spielen macht nicht nur einfach Spa - uber das Spiel entwickelt der homo ludens"e; (lat. der spielende Mensch) seine Fahigkeiten.Dieser Kurs nutzt den Spieltrieb um Programmieren zu lehren und zeigt wie spannend, kreativ und gesellig es sein kann. Als Programmiersprache dient hierzu Java in der aktuellen Version 1.6. Treibende Kraft zum Erlernen der Sprache ist die Entwicklung von unterschiedlichen Spielen: angefangen von einfachen Reaktionsspielen mit beweglichen Objekten im 2-dimensionalen Raum ber Strategie- und Denkspiele, die ber Algorithmen der knstlichen Intelligenz gelst werden, bis hin zu verteilten Spielen in einem Netzwerk. Dabei werden nicht nur Spiele per Anwendung, Applet oder auch fr das Handy entwickelt, sondern quasi nebenbei objektorientierte Programmierung und Technologien wie XML und RMI erlernt.ber den zugehrigen Online-Service knnen alle Quellcodes aus dem Buch sowie Lsungen zu den Aufgaben heruntergeladen werden.

The contributors present the main results and techniques of their specialties in an easily accessible way accompanied with many references: historical, hints for complete proofs or solutions to exercises and directions for further research. This volume contains applications which have not appeared in any collection of this type. The book is a general source of information in computation theory, at the undergraduate and research level.

Assembly language continues to hold a core position in the programming world because of its similar structure to machine language and its very close links to underlying computer-processor architecture and design. These features allow for high processing speed, low memory demands, and the capacity to act directly on the system's hardware. This completely revised second edition of the highly successful Introduction to Assembly Language Programming introduces the reader to assembly language programming and its role in computer programming and design. The focus is on providing readers with a firm grasp of the main features of assembly programming, and how it can be used to improve a computer's performance. The revised edition covers a broad scope of subjects and adds valuable material on protected-mode Pentium programming, MIPS assembly language programming, and use of the NASM and SPIM assemblers for a Linux orientation. All of the language's main features are covered in depth. The book requires only some basic experience with a structured, high-level language.Topics and Features: Introduces assembly language so that readers can benefit from learning its utility with both CISC and RISC processors [ NEW ].- Employs the freely available NASM assembler, which works with both Microsoft Windows and Linux operating systems [ NEW ].- Contains a revised chapter on "e;Basic Computer Organization"e; [ NEW].- Uses numerous examples, hands-on exercises, programming code analyses and challenges, and chapter summaries.- Incorporates full new chapters on recursion, protected-mode interrupt processing, and floating-point instructions [ NEW ].Assembly language programming is part of several undergraduate curricula in computer science, computer engineering, and electrical engineering. In addition, this newly revised text/reference can be used as an ideal companion resource in a computer organization course or as a resource for professional courses.

C++ has grown rapidly in response to the practical need for a programming language that is able to efficiently handle composite and diverse data types. Today, C++ dominates the commercial market and is favored among application developers.Introduction to C++ Programming and Graphics offers a venue for rapidly learning the language by concisely revealing its grammar, syntax and main features, and by explaining the key ideas behind object oriented programming (OOP), with emphasis on scientific computing.The book reviews elemental concepts of computers and computing, describes the primary features of C++, illustrates the use of pointers and user-defined functions, and analyzes the construction of classes. Distinctive features include:An effective selection and presentation of topics and supporting examplesA tutorial on the usage of MATLAB functions in C++ codeTables for translating MATLAB and Fortran 77 into C++ code, illustrating syntactic differences between these languagesChapters on graphics and GUI programming based on the VOGLE library and the GLUT, GLUI and GTK+ utility toolboxesThis invaluable resource provides a basic, concise introduction to C++ for the novice, allowing the reader to easily grasp the necessary concepts, rather than trying to absorb an extensive reference book. Scientists, engineers, professionals and students familiar with the general principles of computer programming and proficient in an easy programming language will find this volume an ideal entry point into C++.

The SCAN conference, the International Symposium on Scientific Com- puting, Computer Arithmetic and Validated Numerics, takes place bian- nually under the joint auspices of GAMM (Gesellschaft fiir Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik) and IMACS (International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation). SCAN-98 attracted more than 100 participants from 21 countries all over the world. During the four days from September 22 to 25, nine highlighted, plenary lectures and over 70 contributed talks were given. These figures indicate a large participation, which was partly caused by the attraction of the organizing country, Hungary, but also the effec- tive support system have contributed to the success. The conference was substantially supported by the Hungarian Research Fund OTKA, GAMM, the National Technology Development Board OMFB and by the J6zsef Attila University. Due to this funding, it was possible to subsidize the participation of over 20 scientists, mainly from Eastern European countries. It is important that the possibly first participation of 6 young researchers was made possible due to the obtained support. The number of East-European participants was relatively high. These results are especially valuable, since in contrast to the usual 2 years period, the present meeting was organized just one year after the last SCAN-xx conference.

Contributions on UML address the application of UML in the specification of embedded HW/SW systems. C-Based System Design embraces the modeling of operating systems, modeling with different models of computation, generation of test patterns, and experiences from case studies with SystemC. Analog and Mixed-Signal Systems covers rules for solving general modeling problems in VHDL-AMS, modeling of multi-nature systems, synthesis, and modeling of Mixed-Signal Systems with SystemC. Languages for formal methods are addressed by contributions on formal specification and refinement of hybrid, embedded and real-time stems. Together with articles on new languages such as SystemVerilog and Software Engineering in Automotive Systems the contributions selected for this book embrace all aspects of languages and models for specification, design, modeling and verification of systems. Therefore, the book gives an excellent overview of the actual state-of-the-art and the latest research results.

SystemC has received a wide acceptance by users and tool vendors as the next generation system description language in order to deal with higher levels of abstraction for complex SoC designs. SystemC Methodologies and Applications gives a comprehensive survey on the state of the art of SystemC in industry and research. Organised into 11 self-contained chapters, selected SystemC experts present their approaches in the domains of -modelling, -analysis, -synthesis. Their contributions range from mixed signal and discrete system to embedded software. The chapters give a broad overview of recent advances in SystemC methodologies and applications and are mainly based on presentations given at the European SystemC User Group meetings.

This book is the third in a series of books collecting the best papers from the three main regional conferences on electronic system design languages, HDLCon in the United States, APCHDL in Asia-Pacific and FDL in Europe. Being APCHDL bi-annual, this book presents a selection of papers from HDLCon'Ol and FDL'OI. HDLCon is the premier HDL event in the United States. It originated in 1999 from the merging of the International Verilog Conference and the Spring VHDL User's Forum. The scope of the conference expanded from specialized languages such as VHDL and Verilog to general purpose languages such as C++ and Java. In 2001 it was held in February in Santa Clara, CA. Presentations from design engineers are technical in nature, reflecting real life experiences in using HDLs. EDA vendors presentations show what is available - and what is planned-for design tools that utilize HDLs, such as simulation and synthesis tools. The Forum on Design Languages (FDL) is the European forum to exchange experiences and learn of new trends, in the application of languages and the associated design methods and tools, to design complex electronic systems. FDL'OI was held in Lyon, France, around seven interrelated workshops, Hardware Description Languages, Analog and Mixed signal Specification, C/C++ HW/SW Specification and Design, Design Environments & Languages, Real-Time specification for embedded Systems, Architecture Modeling and Reuse and System Specification & Design Languages.

This book focuses on source-to-source code transformations that remove addressing-related overhead present in most multimedia or signal processing application programs. This approach is complementary to existing compiler technology. What is particularly attractive about the transformation flow pre- sented here is that its behavior is nearly independent of the target processor platform and the underlying compiler. Hence, the different source code trans- formations developed here lead to impressive performance improvements on most existing processor architecture styles, ranging from RISCs like ARM7 or MIPS over Superscalars like Intel-Pentium, PowerPC, DEC-Alpha, Sun and HP, to VLIW DSPs like TI C6x and Philips TriMedia. The source code did not have to be modified between processors to obtain these results. Apart from the performance improvements, the estimated energy is also significantly reduced for a given application run. These results were not obtained for academic codes but for realistic and rep- resentative applications, all selected from the multimedia domain. That shows the industrial relevance and importance of this research. At the same time, the scientific novelty and quality of the contributions have lead to several excellent papers that have been published in internationally renowned conferences like e. g. DATE. This book is hence of interest for academic researchers, both because of the overall description of the methodology and related work context and for the detailed descriptions of the compilation techniques and algorithms.

This book will attempt to give a first synthesis of recent works con- cerning reactive system design. The term "e;reactive system"e; has been introduced in order to at'oid the ambiguities often associated with by the term "e;real-time system,"e; which, although best known and more sugges- tive, has been given so many different meanings that it is almost in- evitably misunderstood. Industrial process control systems, transporta- tion control and supervision systems, signal-processing systems, are ex- amples of the systems we have in mind. Although these systems are more and more computerized, it is sur- prising to notice that the problem of time in computer science has been studied only recently by "e;pure"e; computer scientists. Until the early 1980s, time problems were regarded as the concern of performance evalu- ation, or of some (unjustly scorned) "e;industrial computer engineering,"e; or, at best, of operating systems. A second surprising fact, in contrast, is the growth of research con- cerning timed systems during the last decade. The handling of time has suddenly become a fundamental goal for most models of concurrency. In particular, Robin Alilner 's pioneering works about synchronous process algebras gave rise to a school of thought adopting the following abstract point of view: As soon as one admits that a system can instantaneously react to events, i. e.