Data warehouse

Chapters ¿No. 10 and No. 21¿ are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Question answering (QA) systems on the Web try to provide crisp answers to information needs posed in natural language, replacing the traditional ranked list of documents. QA, posing a multitude of research challenges, has emerged as one of the most actively investigated topics in information retrieval, natural language processing, and the artificial intelligence communities today. The flip side of such diverse and active interest is that publications are highly fragmented across several venues in the above communities, making it very difficult for new entrants to the field to get a good overview of the topic. Through this book, we make an attempt towards mitigating the above problem by providing an overview of the state-of-the-art in question answering. We cover the twin paradigms of curated Web sources used in QA tasks trusted text collections like Wikipedia, and objective information distilled into large-scale knowledge bases. We discuss distinct methodologies that have been applied to solve the QA problem in both these paradigms, using instantiations of recent systems for illustration. We begin with an overview of the problem setup and evaluation, cover notable sub-topics like open-domain, multi-hop, and conversational QA in depth, and conclude with key insights and emerging topics. We believe that this resource is a valuable contribution towards a unified view on QA, helping graduate students and researchers planning to work on this topic in the near future.

Why is Google Analytics 4 the most modern data model available for digital marketing analytics? Because rather than simply report what has happened, GA4's new cloud integrations enable more data activationlinking online and offline data across all your streams to provide end-to-end marketing data. This practical book prepares you for the future of digital marketing by demonstrating how GA4 supports these additional cloud integrations.Author Mark Edmondson, Google Developer Expert for Google Analytics and Google Cloud, provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of GA4 and its cloud integrations. Data, business, and marketing analysts will learn major facets of GA4's powerful new analytics model, with topics including data architecture and strategy, and data ingestion, storage, and modeling. You'll explore common data activation use cases and get guidance on how to implement them.You'll learn:How Google Cloud integrates with GA4The potential use cases that GA4 integrations can enableSkills and resources needed to create GA4 integrationsHow much GA4 data capture is necessary to enable use casesThe process of designing dataflows from strategy though data storage, modeling, and activation

The availability of geographic and geospatial information and services, especially on the open Web has become abundant in the last several years with the proliferation of online maps, geo-coding services, geospatial Web services and geospatially enabled applications. The need for geospatial reasoning has significantly increased in many everyday applications including personal digital assistants, Web search applications, local aware mobile services, specialized systems for emergency response, medical triaging, intelligence analysis and more. Geospatial Semantics and the Semantic Web: Foundations, Algorithms, and Applications, an edited volume contributed by world class leaders in this field, provides recent research in the theme of geospatial semantics. This edited volume presents new information systems applications that have potential for high impact and commercialization. Also, special effort was made by the contributors to focus on geospatial ontology development, related standards, geospatial ontology alignment and integration, and algorithmic techniques for geospatial semantics. Case studies and examples will be provided throughout this book as well as possibilities for future research.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems, DAS 2022, held in La Rochelle, France, in May 2022.The full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions addressing key techniques of document analysis.

This two volume set LNCS 9049 and LNCS 9050 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Database Systems for Advanced Applications, DASFAA 2015, held in Hanoi, Vietnam, in April 2015. The 63 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 287 submissions. The papers cover the following topics: data mining; data streams and time series; database storage and index; spatio-temporal data; modern computing platform; social networks; information integration and data quality; information retrieval and summarization; security and privacy; outlier and imbalanced data analysis; probabilistic and uncertain data; query processing.

This book constitutes the refereed conference proceedings of the Third International Conference on Big Data Analytics, BDA 2014, held in New Delhi, India, in December 2014. The 11 revised full papers and 6 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 35 submissions and cover topics on media analytics; geospatial big data; semantics and data models; search and retrieval; graphics and visualization; application-specific big data.

This book constitutes the refereed conference proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Intelligent Data Analysis, which was held in October/November 2014 in Leuven, Belgium. The 33 revised full papers together with 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 70 submissions handling all kinds of modeling and analysis methods, irrespective of discipline. The papers cover all aspects of intelligent data analysis, including papers on intelligent support for modeling and analyzing data from complex, dynamical systems.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 2014 Multidisciplinary International Social Networks Research, MISNC 2014, held in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, in September 2014. The 37 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on electronic commerce, e-business management, and social networks; social networks issues on sociology, politics and statistics; information technology for social networks analysis and mining; social networks for global eHealth and bio-medics; security, open data, e-learning and other related topics; intelligent data analysis and its applications.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, WISE 2014, held in Thessaloniki, Greece, in October 2014. The 52 full papers, 16 short and 14 poster papers, presented in the two-volume proceedings LNCS 8786 and 8787 were carefully reviewed and selected from 196 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: Web mining, modeling and classification; Web querying and searching; Web recommendation and personalization; semantic Web; social online networks; software architectures amd platforms; Web technologies and frameworks; Web innovation and applications; and challenge.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Internet and Distributed Computing Systems, IDCS 2016, held in Wuhan, China, in September 2016.The 30 full papers and 18 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 78 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: body sensor networks and wearable devices; cloud computing and networking; distributed computing and big data; distributed scheduling and optimization; internet of things and its application; smart networked transportation and logistics; and big data and social networks.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Model and Data Engineering, MEDI 2016, held in Almeria, Spain, in September 2016.The 17 full papers and 10 short papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 62 submissions. The papers range on a wide spectrum covering fundamental contributions, applications and tool developments and improvements in model and data engineering activities.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22st Annual European Symposium on Algorithms, ESA 2014, held in Wroclaw, Poland, in September 2014, as part of ALGO 2014. The 69 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 269 initial submissions: 57 out of 221 in Track A, Design and Analysis, and 12 out of 48 in Track B, Engineering and Applications. The papers present original research in the areas of design and mathematical analysis of algorithms; engineering, experimental analysis, and real-world applications of algorithms and data structures.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the workshops held at the 16th Asia-Pacific Web Conference, APWeb 2014, in Changsha, China, in September 2014. The 34 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 59 submissions. This volume presents the papers that have been accepted for the following workshops: First International Workshop on Social Network Analysis, SNA 2014; First International Workshop on Network and Information Security, NIS 2014; First International Workshop on Internet of Things Search, IoTS 2014. The papers cover various issues in social network analysis, security and information retrieval against the heterogeneous big data.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Web Reasoning and Rule Systems, RR 2014, held in Athens, Greece in September 2014. The 9 full papers, 9 technical communications and 5 poster presentations presented together with 3 invited talks, 3 doctoral consortial papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions. The conference covers a wide range of the following: semantic Web, rule and ontology languages, and related logics, reasoning, querying, searching and optimization, incompleteness, inconsistency and uncertainty, non-monotonic, common sense, and closed-world reasoning for the web, dynamic information, stream reasoning and complex event processing, decision making, planning, and intelligent agents, machine learning, knowledge extraction and information retrieval, data management, data integration and reasoning on the web of data, ontology-based data access, system descriptions, applications and experiences.