Distribuerede systemer

This book provides a comprehensive theory of mono- and multi-fractal traffic, including the basics of long-range dependent time series and 1/f noise, ergodicity and predictability of traffic, traffic modeling and simulation, stationarity tests of traffic, traffic measurement and the anomaly detection of traffic in communications networks.

This book discusses the advancements in IoT and Cyber-Physical Systems Forensics. This book not only presents numerous case stories from a global perspective, but it also compiles a large amount of literature and research from a database.

Over the last few years, you may have heard a buzz going on about cryptocurrency. Bitcoin, the most notable of all cryptocurrencies, is slowly becoming a household topic. Blockchain, on the other hand, you may not have heard of unless you're in the tech industry. But what is a blockchain? And how does it relate to cryptocurrency? In Adopting Blockchain and Cryptocurrency, we'll look at use cases for blockchain technology and explore how bitcoin and digital currencies will revolutionize the way we think about conventional banking. The world as we know it is changing. Will you be ready?

The software development ecosystem is constantly changing, providing a constant stream of new tools, frameworks, techniques, and paradigms. Over the past few years, incremental developments in core engineering practices for software development have created the foundations for rethinking how architecture changes over time, along with ways to protect important architectural characteristics as it evolves. This practical guide ties those parts together with a new way to think about architecture and time.

The needs of future digital data and computer systems are expected to be two to three orders of magnitude larger than for today's systems, to take account of unprecedented amounts of heterogeneous hardware, lines of source code, numbers of users, and volumes of data. Ultrascale computing systems (UCS) are a solution. Envisioned as large-scale complex systems joining parallel and distributed computing systems, which can be located at multiple sites and cooperate to provide the required resources and performance to the users, these technologies will extend individual systems to provide the resources that are very much needed.Based on the research work in the COST Action IC 1305 Network for Sustainable Ultrascale Computing (NESUS) this book presents important results and methods towards achieving sustainable UCS. The authors present a wide range of emerging programming models that facilitate the task of scaling and extracting performance on continuously evolving platforms, while providing resilience and fault-tolerant mechanisms to tackle the increasing probability of failures throughout the entire software stack. These methods are needed to achieve scale handling, better programmability and adaptation to rapidly changing underlying computing architecture, data centric programming models, resilience, and energy-efficiency.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of 10 international workshops held in conjunction with the merged 1998 IPPS/SPDP symposia, held in Orlando, Florida, US in March/April 1998. The volume comprises 118 revised full papers presenting cutting-edge research or work in progress.In accordance with the workshops covered, the papers are organized in topical sections on reconfigurable architectures, run-time systems for parallel programming, biologically inspired solutions to parallel processing problems, randomized parallel computing, solving combinatorial optimization problems in parallel, PC based networks of workstations, fault-tolerant parallel and distributed systems, formal methods for parallel programming, embedded HPC systems and applications, and parallel and distributed real-time systems.

We are proud to introduce the proceedings of the Seventh International C- ference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature, PPSN VII, held in Granada, Spain, on 7-11 September 2002. PPSN VII was organized back-to-back with the Foundations of Genetic Algorithms (FOGA) conference, which took place in Torremolinos, Malaga, Spain, in the preceding week. ThePPSNseriesofconferencesstartedinDortmund,Germany[1].Fromthat pioneering meeting, the event has been held biennially, in Brussels, Belgium [2], Jerusalem, Israel [3], Berlin, Germany [4], Amsterdam, The Netherlands [5], and Paris, France [6]. During the Paris conference, several bids to host PPSN 2002 were put forward; it was decided that the conference would be held in Granada with Juan J. Merelo Guerv¿ os as General Chairman. The scienti?c content of the PPSN conference focuses on problem-solving paradigms gleaned from natural models, with an obvious emphasis on those that display an innate parallelism, such as evolutionary algorithms and ant-colony optimization algorithms. The majority of the papers, however, concentrate on evolutionary and hybrid algorithms, as is shown in the contents of this book and itspredecessors.Thiseditionoftheconferenceproceedingshasalargesectionon applications,betheytoclassicalproblemsortoreal-worldengineeringproblems, which shows how bioinspired algorithms are extending their use in the realms of business and enterprise.

Euro-Par - the European Conference on Parallel Computing - is an international conference series dedicated to the promotion and advancement of all aspects of parallel computing. The major themes can be divided into the broad categories of hardware, software, algorithms, and applications for parallel computing. The objective of Euro-Par is to provide a forum within which to promote the dev- opment of parallel computing both as an industrial technique and an academic discipline, extending the frontiers of both the state of the art and the state of the practice. This is particularlyimportant at a time when parallel computing is undergoing strong and sustained development and experiencing real industrial take-up. The main audience for and participants in Euro-Par are researchers in academic departments, government laboratories, and industrial organizations. Euro-Par aims to become the primarychoice of such professionals for the p- sentation of new results in their speci?c areas. Euro-Par is also interested in applications that demonstrate the e?ectiveness of the main Euro-Par themes. Euro-Par has its own Internet domain with a permanent website where the historyof the conference series is described: http://www. euro-par. org. The Euro-Par conference series is sponsored bythe Association of Computer - chineryand the International Federation of Information Processing. Euro-Par 2002 at Paderborn, Germany Euro-Par 2002 was organized bythe Paderborn Center for Parallel Comput- 2 2 ing (PC ) and was held at the Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum (HNF).

"This book is a comprehensive text for the design of safety critical, hard real-time embedded systems. It offers  a splendid example for the balanced, integrated treatment of systems and software engineering, helping readers tackle the hardest problems of advanced real-time system design, such as determinism, compositionality, timing and fault management. This book is an essential reading for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in a wide range of disciplines impacted by embedded computing and software. Its conceptual clarity, the style of explanations and the examples make the abstract concepts accessible for a wide audience."Janos Sztipanovits, DirectorE. Bronson Ingram Distinguished Professor of EngineeringInstitute for Software Integrated SystemsVanderbilt UniversityReal-Time Systems focuses on hard real-time systems, which are computing systems that must meet their temporal specification in all anticipated load and fault scenarios. The book stresses the system aspects of distributed real-time applications, treating the issues of real-time, distribution and fault-tolerance from an integral point of view. A unique cross-fertilization of ideas and concepts between the academic and industrial worlds has led to the inclusion of many insightful examples from industry to explain the fundamental scientific concepts in a real-world setting.  Compared to the first edition, new developments in complexity management, energy and power management, dependability, security, and the internet of things, are addressed. The book is written as a standard textbook for a high-level undergraduate or graduate course on real-time embedded systems or cyber-physical systems.  Its practical approach to solving real-time problems, along with numerous summary exercises, makes it an excellent choice for researchers and practitioners alike.

The commercial exploitation of distributed computing technologies is slowly starting to become popular under the general area of cloud computing. These solutions allow selling and buying of resources (i.e., computing, network, software, and data resources) on demand. Existing solutions in this area are diverse, ranging from Infrastructure-- a-Service (IaaS) models via Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) to Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) models. Although the economics of these services is not yet fully understood and the interoperability between such services is still lacking, a common market for computing services is slowly developing. Such a market would allow buyers and sellers of computing services to trade their excess capacity or make available their capacity at a cost. However, it is still not p- sible for a market participant to act as a resource provider or seller, or trade based on the current level of demand. Another example of a developing open market is the emergence of Web2.0-based services. These enable consumers to create new services by aggregating services from multiple providers. The benefit of these solutions is that "value" can be created by combining services at different prices.

There are many applications that require parallel and distributed processing to allow complicated engineering, business and research problems to be solved in a reasonable time. Parallel and distributed processing is able to improve company profit, lower costs of design, production, and deployment of new technologies, and create better business environments. The major lesson learned by car and aircraft engineers, drug manufacturers, genome researchers and other specialist is that a computer system is a very powerful tool that is able to help them solving even more complicated problems. That has led computing specialists to new computer system architecture and exploiting parallel computers, clusters of clusters, and distributed systems in the form of grids. There are also institutions that do not have so complicated problems but would like to improve profit, lower costs of design and production by using parallel and distributed processing on clusters. In general to achieve these goals, parallel and distributed processing must become the computing mainstream. This implies a need for new architectures of parallel and distributed systems, new system management facilities, and new application algorithms. This also implies a need for better understanding of grids and clusters, and in particular their operating systems, scheduling algorithms, load balancing, heterogeneity, transparency, application deployment, which is of the most critical importance for their development and taking them by industry and business.

The 2004 International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, - plications and Technologies (PDCAT 2004) was the ?fth annual conference, and was held at the Marina Mandarin Hotel, Singapore on December 8-10, 2004. Since the inaugural PDCAT held in Hong Kong in 2000, the conference has - come a major forum for scientists, engineers, and practitioners throughout the world to present the latest research, results, ideas, developments, techniques, and applications in all areas of parallel and distributed computing. The technical program was comprehensive and featured keynote speeches, te- nical paper presentations, and exhibitions showcased by industry vendors. The technical program committee was overwhelmed with submissions of papers for presentation, from countries worldwide. We received 242 papers and after - viewing them, based on stringent selection criteria, we accepted 173 papers. The papers in the proceedings focus on parallel and distributed computing viewed from the three perspectives of networking and architectures, software systems and technologies, and algorithms and applications. We acknowledge the great contribution from all of our local and international committee members and - perreviewerswhodevotedtheirtimeinthereviewprocessandprovidedvaluable feedback for the authors. PDCAT 2004 could never have been successful without the support and ass- tance of several institutions and many people. We sincerely appreciate the s- port from the National Grid O?ce and IEEE, Singapore for technical co-sponsorship.The?nancialsponsorshipsfromtheindustrialsponsors,Hewlett- Packard Singapore; IBM Singapore; Sun Microsystems; SANDZ Solutions; S- icon Graphics, and Advanced Digital Information Corporation, are gratefully acknowledged.

Welcome to the proceedings of GCC2004 and the city of Wuhan. Grid computing has become a mainstream research area in computer science and the GCC conference has become one of the premier forums for presentation of new and exciting research in all aspectsofgridandcooperativecomputing. Theprogramcommitteeispleasedtopresent the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Comp- ing (GCC2004), which comprises a collection of excellent technical papers, posters, workshops, and keynote speeches. The papers accepted cover a wide range of exciting topics, including resource grid and service grid, information grid and knowledge grid, grid monitoring,managementand organizationtools, grid portal, grid service, Web s- vices and their QoS, service orchestration, grid middleware and toolkits, software glue technologies, grid security, innovative grid applications, advanced resource reservation andscheduling,performanceevaluationandmodeling,computer-supportedcooperative work, P2P computing, automatic computing, and meta-information management. The conference continues to grow and this year a record total of 581 manuscripts (including workshop submissions) were submitted for consideration. Expecting this growth, the size of the program committee was increased from 50 members for GCC 2003 for 70 in GCC 2004. Relevant differences from previous editions of the conf- ence: it is worth mentioning a signi?cant increase in the number of papers submitted by authors from outside China; and the acceptance rate was much lower than for p- vious GCC conferences. From the 427 papers submitted to the main conference, the program committee selected only 96 regular papers for oral presentation and 62 short papers for poster presentation in the program.