Bøger af Abdul Ghaffar

Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) is very common, and the prevalence of intra-abdominal injury following it has been reported to be as high as 12¿15%. In a local study it was found that Out of seventy patients 66 patients of BAT were found to have solid organ injury(94.3%). Rapid diagnosis of abdominal injury is an important step in the treatment process to prevent morbidity or mortality in BAT cases. Rapid determination of cases in need of emergency laparotomy is crucial for life saving, especially for those with unstable hemodynamics, the avoidance of unnecessary surgeries with its invasiveness and complications should be considered. In a study, the PPV of DPL was 91.7%, which was found to be less than CT i.e. 100%. Another study has showed the PPV of CT was 82% for diagnosis of solid organ injury in BAT patients. In another study, PPV of DPL was 94%. Rationale of this study is to compare the positive predictive value of CT versus DPL for diagnosis of solid organ damage in patients with BAT. It has been observed that DPL can be used to replace CT scan. We wanted to conduct this study to find which modality was more feasible and applicable in all regions.

Ethanol and Xylitol: Production and Applications describes use of plant biomass for production, characterization and applications of ethanol and xylitol through acid, alkali and enzyme hydrolysis of plant waster material. It also includes analysis and potential uses of by-products from this fermentation process. The characterization of ethanol and xylitol and its potential for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications have been described. Recent advances and research work in this field has also been described.

Lahore is one of the cities most effected by uncontrolled noise pollution in Pakistan. The most important factor of noise pollution is the road traffic. The main objective of this study was to analyze and evaluate road traffic noise and to measure its effects on the population of Lahore city. A weighting sound level meter was used in the study. All the measurements were taken at a height of about 1.2 m from the ground at 56 sample sites. The spatial noise pattern was shown in maps. These were also drawn to show buffers dividing areas into moderate, high and extremely high risk zones in accordance with noise risk levels. The maps were additionally divided in day and night time maps, each with graduated symbols. The main day-night values were exceeding the permissible environmental standards used in Pakistan. Therefore, a survey was conducted to study the diseases caused by noise pollution in the areas with highest noise levels.