Bøger af Abrielle Benton

Bacteria are living organisms found ubiquitously in nature and have only one biological cell. They constitute a wide domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. In bacteria, unfolded proteins are transported through the secretion pathways across the cytoplasmic membrane. This transportation consists of three parts, which include a protein targeting component, a motor protein and membrane integrated conducting channel. Bacteria have a range of protein transportation pathways, which are necessary for functions like pathogenicity and viability. Generally, bacterial secretion comprises secretion of unfolded proteins which primarily remain within the cells. In case of gram-negative bacteria, secreted proteins are delivered to inner membrane or the periplasm. The protein can remain in the cell or it is usually transported out of the bacteria via other secretion systems. Klebsiella pneumonia, Yersinia enterocolitica and Vibrio cholerae are the gram-negative bacteria that utilize the secretion system. Gram-positive bacteria that utilize the secretion system include Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. This book covers in detail some existent theories and innovative concepts revolving on the protein secretion pathways in bacteria. It will provide comprehensive knowledge to the readers.

Secretion refers to the movement of materials from one point to another. In bacterial species, secretion is the transport of effector molecules like toxins, enzymes or proteins from the cytoplasm to exterior of the bacterial cell. It is a crucial mechanism in bacterial functioning and operation for their survival and adaptability in their natural surroundings. Bacterial secretion systems are the protein complexes on the cell membranes of bacteria for secretion of substances. These protein secretion systems play the role of cellular devices utilized by pathogenic bacteria to secrete their virulence factors to attack the host cells. They may be categorized on the basis of their composition, activity and distinct structure. Usually, proteins may be secreted via two distinct processes. In one process, cytoplasm of the bacteria is translocated and delivered directly in the host from cell membrane. Whereas, in the second process, proteins are transported to the inner membrane, deposited on periplasm, and then transmitted to the host by the outer cell membrane. The topics included in this book on bacterial protein secretion systems are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. With state-of-the-art inputs by acclaimed experts of this field, it targets medical students and professionals.